Mathematical model of phase composition diagram of CaO – SiO2 - Fe2O3 - В2О2 system

There is developed a method of the mathematical description of a phase composition diagram of n-component systems in the (n - 1) - dimensional space. There is built a phase composition diagram of the CaO – SiO2 - Fe2O3 - В2О2 system and developed its mathematical model. It permits to determine its phase composition according to the chemical composition of the initial material. There is also solved the reverse problem: determination of the appearance and quantity of components of the initial furnace charge for obtaining a product of the required phase composition. An example of the use of models to estimate the phase composition of iron ore pellets

On the possibility of the reaction (CuMoO4 + C), using the apparent activation energy method

This article discusses the calculation of the apparent activation energy (CuМоO4 + C) on the DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis) curve, to study and optimize the time-temperature synthesis mode, in particular, the activation energy. Activation energy allows us to investigate the elementary act of chemical interaction. Thus, we propose to use this method to calculate the interaction of Eact (CuМоO4 + C) in the solid phase of hardening occurring during synthesis. These results allow us to trace how much energy is expended to start the reaction

Experimental melting of high-silicon ferromanganese with the use of ferromanganesian ore and manganese slag

This work presents the results of smelting ferromanganese from high-silica iron-manganese ores with 36 % manganese content by the flux method. The Shubarkol deposit coal and metallurgical coke as reducing agents were used. The fluxing material was solid slag from the smelting of medium-carbon ferromanganese. The technological modes of the smelting process are established. The optimal composition of the charge was determined. As a result of the theoretical and experimental studies, the tasks have been solved completely - the smelting technology of high-silicon ferromanganese was developed and tested using a substandard raw materials, such as iron-manganese ores and flux

On the possibility of the reaction (CuMoO4 + C), using the apparent activation energy method

This article discusses the calculation of the apparent activation energy (CuМоO4 + C) on the DTA (Differential Thermal Analysis) curve, to study and optimize the time-temperature synthesis mode, in particular, the activation energy. Activation energy allows us to investigate the elementary act of chemical interaction. Thus, we propose to use this method to calculate the interaction of Eact (CuМоO4 + C) in the solid phase of hardening occurring during synthesis. These results allow us to trace how much energy is expended to start the reaction

Viscosity and electric conductivity of melt system of CaO – Al2O3 - B2O3

It was studied the viscosity and electric conductivity of the melt system CaO - Al2O3 - B2O3. On the base of experimental data it was created the mathematical model of studied features dependence on chemical structure of melt and temperature. There were created the computer programs which allow to calculate the temperature range at 1 823 – 1 973 K. There were constructed the triaxial diagrams based on models. It was found the reduction of viscosity and extension of electric conductivity of melt CaO - Al2O3 by adding B2O3

Application of the Aluminosilicon Manganese to Obtain Refined Grades of Ferromanganese

This work is dedicated to improving the smelting technology for refined ferromanganese grades through the use of a special complex reducing agent. Laboratory scale experiments were carried out on the smelting of refined ferromanganese using a briquetted charge. Fine fractions (0–5mm) were used for briquetting manganese ore and alumosilicomanganese alloy (AlSiMn). During the experiment were used laboratory installation “HYDROPRESS 50” and coreless induction furnace IUP-25. At the temperature of 1350∘C, the beginning of the charge melting was noted, and at the temperature of 1450∘C, the formation of a liquid melt. According to the chemical analysis, metal samples fully comply with the requirements of the standard. The progress of process parameters has been achieved: the rate of manganese extraction from ore is 70% (according to the traditional technology, it is 55%); slag/metal ratio is 1.8–2.0 (according to the traditional technology, it is 2.2–2.5); known values of slag basicity are 1.5–1.6. Laboratory melting slags were obtained in a stony state with no signs of breaking. As the outcome of this work, a high efficiency of using the reducing agents based on silicon and aluminum in refined ferromanganese smelting, as well as the use of primary manganese ores from Ushkatyn III deposit for smelting refined ferromanganese, allow reducing the lime consumption up to 40% due to the high content of calcium oxide in ore. Keywords: refined ferromanganese, alumosilicomanganese alloy, manganese ore, briquette, sla

Study of aluminosilicate refractories after operation in the presence of fluorine-containing wastes

Samples of aluminosilicate refractory after operation in the shaft and in the hearth of a coke-gas cupola were investigated; this cupola was used for smelting of cast iron with spheroidal graphite using carbon wastes from aluminium electrolysis production as a reducing agent. Use of only fluorine-containing carbon wastes as a solid fuel in cast iron production allows to utilize hazardous man-caused wastes, improves the economic performance of production and has influence on resistance of fireclay refractories. It was established that the products acquire a distinct zone features during the service, due to penetration of the components of gas and liquid phases and the effect of low-boiling components of carbon-containing wastes. Upon that, changes in the structure along the distance from the working space are complex ones in lining thickness and in concentration of volatile components in the “cold” parts of the lining. Permanent character of the mullite content in different zones of fireclay products can be traced, as well as a slight increase in the less altered zone, despite the different service conditions. Absence of alkaline and fluoride phases in the zones of refractory products in the pores and structure of the fireclay refractory was established, due to migration of these gaseous phases into the working space of the cupola with their subsequent removal with furnace gases. Additional development of mullite in certain zones of refractory was revealed, resulting by its synthesis from alumina that did not react during fireclay refractories manufacture under the mineralizing action of a fluorine compound. Use of fluorine-containing carbonaceous wastes as a solid fuel in cast iron production makes it possible to utilize hazardous man-caused wastes, improves the economic performance of production and has slight effect on resistance of aluminosilicate refractories in the conditions of a coke-gas cupola. © SIDORINA E. A., ISAGULOV A. Z., KASHCHEEV I. D., ZEMLYANOY K. G., 2022

Effect of asymmetric rolling with cone-shaped rolls on microstructure of low-carbon steel

Effect of asymmetric rolling with cone-shaped rolls (ARCSR) on the evolution of microstructure of low-carbon steel was investigated. Steel containing 0,15 % C (wt. %) billet with initial grain size of 60 μm was deformed up to thickness of 5 mm with diameters ratio of 1,5, as well as in cylindrical rolls. Rolling was conducted at three different temperatures: 900 °C, 1 000 °C and 1 100 °C. Final thickness is obtained through four passes of ARCSR with total reduction of 61,7 %. It has been shown during ARCSR at 900 °C grain size is relatively smaller (0,092 μm – surface layer and 0,112 μm – middle layer)

Mathematical model of phase composition diagram of CaO – SiO₂ - Fe₂O₃ - В₂О₂ system

There is developed a method of the mathematical description of a phase composition diagram of n-component systems in the (n - 1) - dimensional space. There is built a phase composition diagram of the CaO – SiO₂ - Fe₂O₃ - В₂О₂ system and developed its mathematical model. It permits to determine its phase composition according to the chemical composition of the initial material. There is also solved the reverse problem: determination of the appearance and quantity of components of the initial furnace charge for obtaining a product of the required phase composition. An example of the use of models to estimate the phase composition of iron ore pellets