Audio books as a method of learning the English language

The purpose of the article is to introduce some information about the method of learning a foreign language using audio books to the reader. The author draws attention to different ways of information perception (auditory, visual and kinesthetic) to let the reader evaluate the effectiveness of this learning method. Much attention is focused on the algorithm of learning English using an audio book. As an example, a famous book «The Adventures of Tom Sawyer» by Mark Twain is examined. In conclusion, the author underlines the advantages and disadvantages of the method. Цель данной статьи заключается в том, чтобы познакомить читателя с техникой изучения иностранного языка при помощи аудиокниг. Автор обращает внимание на различные способы восприятия информации (слуховой, зрительный и кинестетический), чтобы увидеть, насколько этот метод обучения может быть эффективным. Большое внимание уделяется алгоритму изучения английского языка с помощью аудиокниги. В качестве примера приводится знаменитая книга Марка Твена "Приключения Тома Сойера". В заключении автор указывает на преимущества и недостатки данного метода

Influence of air Gap Between the Transformer of Resistance and Object of Monitoring on Temperature Measurement Error

In operation the description of the developed heattransfer model in thermotransformers of resistance (RTD) in the conditions of air gap between surfaces of the sensor and object of measurement is provided. Research of influence of thickness of air gap on the relative error of temperature measurement by platinum, copper and nickel thermotransformers of resistance in the ranges of temperatures corresponding to each type is executed. Dependences of minimum necessary duration of heating up of sensors on the taken temperatures are received

Pharmacognostical study of achenes of some plants from Asteraceae family

In the present paper are represented morphological studies on determination of weight of 1000 achenes, and sieve analysis of fruits of some plants from Asteraceae family (Arctium lappa L., Leuzea carthamoides (Willd.) D.C, Inula helenium L., Echinacea purpurea Moench., Calendula officinalis L.). Lipid, alcohol-soluble and water-soluble complexes in fruits of C. officinalis were studied

Ensuring railway safety on a national scale: national and international experience

The article considers the main measures to create safety conditions in railway transport in foreign countries and compares them with the methods of safety provision by the domestic carrier JSC “Russian Railways”. It is noted that today Russia has its own practices for maintaining a level of security, but that alternative foreign approaches would improve the level of protection. The author analyses accident data and proposes additional measures to reduce the number of accidents. Scenario modelling and the integrated situation analysis method have been proposed as a method for selecting measures to ensure safety and improve the situation in the railway transport sector

Measures to reduce enviromental risk on transport in the regions

One of the producers of pollution in the natural environment and on natural and anthropogenic objects is transport, which emits harmful vapors when driving on highways. The spread of pollution occurs during the movement of transport along the air and water flow. The article investigates the level of environmental pollution from vehicles in the regions of Russia, reveals the total percentage of emissions from passenger vehicles. The analysis of emissions has been carried out based on data from the Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources Management (Rosprirodnadzor) using empirical and mathematical, statistical methods. A brief description of the method of calculation of evaporation from transport has been given. In the course of studies, various groups the total values of emissions for various transport groups in the regions have been identified, environmental zones have been determined. The dynamics of changes on transport over the past three years has been traced. The regions most affected by harmful emissions have been considered, measures to reduce environmental risk have been proposed. The necessity of a national project on ecology and air purification has been substantiated. Environmental problems in transport pose a great threat to the environment, it is impossible to reduce emissions immediately, but if you gradually apply measures to minimize pollution, you can improve the environmental situation in the regions

Optimisation of Russian railways’ high-speed routes in the regions

Rail transport is constantly in development and improvement, as it is one of the most important strategic means of transportation. That is why the optimization of Russian railway routes in this case is an integral element of development. The introduction of a high-speed passenger transportation route makes it possible to increase throughput capacity, improve service conditions, and strengthen the position in the industry. The article points out the necessity of optimising the route from the Ural to the Volga federal districts. The relevance of the topic under study lies in the advantage of railway transport in interspecific competition in the market for the provision of passenger transportation services. The author used the local Moran index in the analysis, studied regional interconnections, and identified clusters. The results of the study are visually represented in the figure, where the dotted line highlights the potential route of high-speed traffic Yekaterinburg–Kazan. The article describes the possible risks of implementing this route, cites optimization expediency factors (increase of interspecific competition)

Air transport risk modelling simulation of the impact of the sanctions on Russia

The article considers development scenarios and options for adapting Russia’s aircraft fleet to the impact of the sanctions changes on the transport industry and the consequences of it. The main issues on the limitation of the spare parts and materials for aircraft supply have been structured. Alternative options and adjustments to the shortage of components to support aircraft flights have been described. The analysis of the current civil aviation fleet of the country has been carried out and the normative service life of different class categories aircraft studied. The dynamics of changes in the state aircraft fleet over the last 10 years (since the beginning of the sanctions politics has a starting point from the accession of the Republic of Crimea in 2014) has been considered. The short-term prospects of the aviation industry have been defined and recommendations for improvement and a set of measures for adaptation suggested

Investments in Russia’s transport infractructure

The article considers the investment sources in transport, justifies the need for financial investments on the example of costs on a global and Russian scale. The dynamics of changes in investments by categories of transport routes for 2016–2019 has been analysed. The research of the authors’scientific works on this topic has been given. Renovation and optimisation of the transport structure brings a number of advantages to the Russian transport infrastructure. In addition to the positive aspects of infrastructure modernisation, there is a percentage of losses – these are risks from investments. The methodology of the study presents formulas for calculations, by which the investment programs profitability has been determined. As a solution to the lack of investment funds, the creation of aggregate investment sources has been proposed

Risk-oriented internal control: The essence, management methods at small enterprises

The research topic relevance is inspired by necessity to develop theoretical and methodical provisions on the internal control system, risk-based management at small enterprises and to prove application feasibility, using economic-mathematical methods its implementation. The purpose of this research is to develop theoretical and methodical approaches to internal control system formation in small businesses, generating reliable and relevant information on the commercial organization activities, enabling risks identification. The leading approach to study this problem is situational and systematic in the frame of theory and methodology internal control at small businesses in the risk-based management system, allowing to analyze the impact of various risks on small enterprises activity and to systematize obtained results. According to the study results, there were proved the implementing internal control feasibility at small businesses, presenting the author's systematization and classification of internal and external risks in small companies, identifying organizational and methodological approaches to risk-based internal control development; implemented the adaptation of existing economic-mathematical methods within risk-based internal control at small businesses. The article can be useful for practical and scientific workers in the field of company’s internal control, teachers, postgraduates, undergraduates and students, studying Economics and Management at higher educational institutions. © 2016 Piskunov et al