Synthesis, Characterization, Biological Properties, ADMET and Drug-likeness Analysis of Mn (II) complexes with Schiff Bases Derived from Sulphathiazole and 4-diethylaminosalicyaldehyde/Salicyaldehyde

Mn (II) complexes were synthesized with the Schiff base ligand obtained by the condensation of sulfathiazole with 4-diethylaminosalicyaldehyde/Salicyaldehyde. Their characterization was performed by elemental analysis, molar conductance, melting points, magnetic susceptibility, infrared, and UV–Vis spectral analysis. The results suggest that the Schiff bases and their complex are synthesized in excellent yield, molar conductance studies on the complexes indicated they were non-electrolytic. The IR data indicated that the Schiff base ligand is tridentate coordinated to the metallic ion with two N atoms from the azomethine group and thiazole ring and one O atom from the phenolic group. The electronic spectral study showed octahedral geometry for all the complexes which are further supported by magnetic moment values. The ligand and its complexes were screened against four bacterial and two fungal strains using the disk diffusion method. The antimicrobial evaluation results revealed that the metal (II) complexes exhibited higher antimicrobial activity than the free Schiff base ligand. The ADMET and drug-likeness studies of the synthesized ligands indicated that the Schiff base ligands fulfill Lipinski’s, Ghoose, Veber, Egan, and Mugge rules but the complexes showed some deviations. They also displayed low toxicity levels

Farmers’ perception and Knowledge need for adoption of new cultivars of cassava in Igabi Local Government Area (LGA), Kaduna State.

The study examined farmers’ perception and knowledge need for adoption new varieties of cassava in Igabi LGA, Kaduna State. The purpose of the research was to;( 1) ascertain how cassava farmers in the area perceive the new varieties of cassava vis-a-vis the technologies required for its propagation, and (2) the relationship between the existing and recommended knowledge of cassava cultivation in the area. Seventy six respondents used for the study were selected by random sampling while focus group discussion and interview schedule were employed to gather data. Data were analyzed by mean score analysis. The result of the analysis shows that majority (36.8%) were between 30- 39 years, 89% married and 34.2% had secondary education while 50% had regular extension contact. However, out of five (5) main recommended production technologies, only two- planting methods (51.3%) and weeding interval (56.6%) were in line with farmers’ previous experience or knowledge. Farmers perceived the new cassava cultivars as beneficial through its high yielding capacity (3.3*), fast maturity (3.1) and disease resistance (2.5) among others, while capital and marketing (3.2 apiece), farm size (3.0) were among the perceived constraints to adoption of the new cultivars. The study recommended among others formation of cooperative society to aid farming activities in the area. Keywords: awareness, benefit, constraints, knowledge of planting cassava, perception

Morphogenetic Studies of Some Genotypes of Onion (Allium cepa L.) In Jos, Nigeria

The improvement of the fresh bulb and the economic dry matter yields of onion is dependent on the morphogenetic variability and the interrelationships amongst morphological attributes which can be used to determine the quality or performance of the crop. This research was aimed to study the morphogenetic characteristics of ten genotypes of onion (Ares, Violet de Galmi, Red Creole, “Wase”, “Dan Zaria”, “Dan Garko”, “Dan Giyawa”, “Bahaushe”, “Bakana” and “Yar Aleiro”) in Jos, Plateau State. Using the seedlings raised in the nursery, the genotypes were laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. Results showed that morphological attributes differed amongst the genotypes, except the number of leaves per plant, neck thickness and horizontal bulb diameter. The study concludes that morphological differences, which are responsible for differences in fresh bulb and dry matter yields, exist amongst the different genotypes of onion. These attributes could be used as selection indices in the improvement of the onion

On Flexibility of Inverse Lomax-Lindley distribution

Communication in Physical Sciences, 2021, 7(4): 398-410 Authors: J.Y. Falgore*, M. Sirajo, A. A. Umar, M. A. Aliyu Received:07 September 2021/Accepted 30 November 2021 In this work, a new extension of the Inverse Lomax family of distribution called Inverse Lomax Lindley (IL-L) distribution is proposed. Different properties of the new distribution are derived including moments, moment generating function, Renyi entropy, Shanon entropy, and order statistics. The performances of the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of the Inverse Lomax-Lindley distribution were evaluated through a simulation study. Application of the IL-L distribution to two real-life data sets has proved its flexibility

Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn caused by anti-E

Objective: Maternal allo-antibody production is stimulated when fetal red blood cells are positive for an antigen absent on the mother′s red cells. The maternal IgG antibodies produced will pass through the placenta and attack fetal red cells carrying the corresponding antigen. Allo-immune hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn caused by anti-E rarely occurs. Case summary: We report two cases of anti-E hemolytic diseases in neonates. One of the neonates had severe hemolysis presenting with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, and conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, while the other had moderate anemia and unconjugated hyperbilrubinemia. Although both the neonates were treated by phototherapy and intravenous immunoglobulin, one of them received double volume exchange transfusion. Conclusion: There appeared to be an increase in the occurrence of hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn caused by Rh antibodies other than anti-D. In this case report, both patients presented with anemia and hyperbilirubinemia but were successfully treated, with a favorable outcome

An Automatic Quadrature Schemes and Error Estimates for Semibounded Weighted Hadamard Type Hypersingular Integrals

The approximate solutions for the semibounded Hadamard type hypersingular integrals (HSIs) for smooth density function are investigated. The automatic quadrature schemes (AQSs) are constructed by approximating the density function using the third and fourth kinds of Chebyshev polynomials. Error estimates for the semibounded solutions are obtained in the class of ℎ( ) ∈ , [−1, 1]. Numerical results for the obtained quadrature schemes revealed that the proposed methods are highly accurate when the density function ℎ ( ) is any polynomial or rational functions. The results are in line with the theoretical findings

Effect of on-call-related sleep deprivation on physicians′ mood and alertness

Background And Objective: Physicians may experience periods of acute sleep deprivation while on-call, in addition to baseline chronic sleep deprivation which may affect physicians′ performance and patients′ safety. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acute sleep deprivation due to working long on-call shifts on mood and alertness, both of which may impair physicians′ performance. Methods: Eighty-eight junior physicians working in one university hospital completed a questionnaire, before and after completion of a shift, that collected data regarding socio-demographic factors, patterns of work and sleep, Profile of Mood States (POMS), and Stanford Sleepiness Scale. Based on duration of sleep the physicians had during on-call in comparison to their usual average sleep, the participants were categorized into group 1 (those who slept many fewer hours), group 2 (those who slept fewer hours), or group 3 (those who slept the same number of hours). Results: More than 87% of the participant slept 5 or fewer hours while working an on-call shift. Among all participants, the percentage of physicians who were alert post-on-call was significantly reduced compared to the percentage pre-on-call (P = 0.001). The post-on-call total POMS scores of groups 1 and 2 were significantly worse than their pre-on-call scores (P = 0.001 and 0.038, respectively), while there was no significant difference between the pre- and post-on-call POMS scores of group 3 (P = 0.165). Conclusion: Acute sleep loss due to working long on-call shifts significantly decreases daytime alertness and negatively affects the mood state of junior physicians

A descriptive study of smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis in a high HIV burden patient's population in North Central Nigeria.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease of public health concern, mainly in low- and middle-income countries. Most of these countries have challenges in diagnosis and treatment of TB in people with smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (SNPTB), which remains a significant public health challenge because of the global burden of the disease. We evaluated the epidemiology and clinical presentation of SNPTB in a cohort of patients with high HIV burden. The study was a cross-sectional study among patients with SNPTB in four major hospitals that care for TB/HIV patients in north-central Nigeria. All patients 18 years and above who were newly diagnosed as SNPTB, or patients with SNPTB who had not taken TB drugs for up to 2 weeks irrespective of their HIV status were recruited. Demographic data (sex, age), smoking status, and medical history (clinical form of TB, symptoms at admission, diagnostic methods, presence of comorbidities, prior TB treatment) were obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire. Detailed clinical examination was also done on all the study subjects. Baseline results of packed cell volume, HIV test and sputum acid fast bacilli done during TB screening were retrieved from the patients' case notes and recorded. Also, the base line Chest X-ray films taken during TB screening were reviewed and reported by two radiologists blinded to each other's reports. The Xpert MTB/RIF tests and sputum culture (using LJ medium) were done in a TB reference laboratory. A total of 150 patients with SNPTB were studied. Majority of the patients were female 93 (62%). The median age of the patients was 36.5 years with greater percentage of the patients within the ages of 25-44 years 92 (61.3%). Twenty-two (14.7%) of the patients had previous TB treatment. History of cigarette smoking was obtained in only 7(4.7%) of the patients while 82 (64.1%) were HIV positive. All the patients had a history of cough for over a period of at least three weeks, while, 27 (18%) reported having hemoptysis. About 87 (58%) had fever and 110 (73.7%) had anemia, while weight loss and night sweat were reported in 98(65.3%) and 82 (54.7%) of the patients respectively. Chest x rays were reported as typical of TB in only 24 (16%) of the patients. Of the 150 sputa sample analyzed, 21/150 (14.0%) and 22/150 (14.7%) where Gene Xpert and sputum culture positive respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Gene Xpert assay were 81.8% (18/22; 95% CI 61.5 to 92.7%) and 97.4% (112/115; 95% CI 92.6 to 99.1%), respectively. The study found cough, fever and anemia to be the commonest presentation in patient with SNPTB in a high HIV burden patient's population. There is also relatively high culture positivity among the patients. This underscores the need to expand the facilities for culture and confirmation in TB centers across the country