Complete response of locally advanced left-sided pancreatic cancer after modified FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy followed by conversion surgery: A case report

For years, neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer is being investigated and radical surgical resection with laparoscopic approach is getting up to speed. Pathological complete remission is known as a predictive marker for a good prognosis for various carcinomas. Although there are a few case reports about pathological complete remission, there has been no case report of pathological complete remission resulted from successful extensive resection by laparoscopic surgery after a neoadjuvant modified FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy. A 68-year-old male patient was admitted due to a palpable abdominal mass which turned out to be 16-cm-sized huge locally advanced left-sided pancreatic cancer with possible stomach, left adrenal gland, left kidney, and colon invasion. After administration of 10th modified FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy, the tumor had decreased and he underwent laparoscopic radical distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, left adrenalectomy, wedge resection of stomach, and segmental resection of transverse colon. Although patient had a postoperative micro-abscess around the colon anastomosis site, he was successfully managed with conservative treatment and discharged on 12 days postoperatively. The final pathology reported complete tumor regression. We hereby emphasize the oncologic significance of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in huge left-sided pancreatic cancer and the potential role of laparoscopic conversion surgery.ope

Circulating Cancer Stem Cells Expressing EpCAM/CD90 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Pilot Study for Predicting Tumor Recurrence after Living Donor Liver Transplantation

Background/aims: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with cancer stemness have been demonstrated to be a direct cause of tumor recurrence, and only few studies have reported the role of CTCs in liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Epithelial cell adhesion molecule+ (EpCAM+), cluster of differentiation 90+ (CD90+) and EpCAM+/CD90+ CTCs were sorted via fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and transcripts level of EpCAM, K19 and CD90 in the peripheral blood were analyzed via real-time polymerase chain reaction preoperatively and on postoperative days 1 and 7 in 25 patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for HCC. EpCAM protein was assessed in HCC tissue using immunohistochemical staining. The median follow-up duration was 40 months. Results: HCC after LDLT recurred in four out of 25 patients. Detection of EpCAM+ or CD90+ CTCs correlated well with their messenger RNA levels (p100 mAU/mL and postoperative day 1 EpCAM+/CD90+ CTCs were independent risk factors for HCC recurrence (hazard ratio, 14.64; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 198.20; p=0.043 and hazard ratio, 26.88; 95% confidence interval, 1.86 to 387.51; p=0.016, respectively). Conclusions: EpCAM+/CD90+ CTCs can be used preoperatively and 1 day after LDLT as key biological markers in LT candidate selection and post-LDLT management.ope

"흑인민족주의": 역사적 변이

“흑인”은 민족을 지칭하는 용어가 아니라 검은 피부의 인종을 뜻하는 용어이다. 그럽에도 불구하고 흑인에 민족주의 (Nationalism) 가 적용되는 이유는 흑인들이 지니는 특수한 역사적 경험 때문이다. 역사적으로 살펴볼 때 민족주의는 어면 한 민족이 다른나라의 지배로부터 독립하기 위해 투쟁하거나, 흩어져 있는 한 민족이 재결합을 사도할 때에 나타났다. 흑인의 경우에도 다른 인종의 지배로부터 벗어나려는 역사적인 경험을 겪는 가운데 민족주의가 형성되었다. 그러나 공통됨 언어를 사용하는 민족이 과거에 소유했던 지역이나 나라를 되찾으려는 의도에서 전개되는 민족주의는 흑인민족주의에는 적용되지 않는다. 미국 흑인들은 아프리카의 어느 한 나라 또는 한 종족 출신이 아니며 그들이 아프리카에서 사용하였던 언어 역시 매우 다양하기 때문이다. 그렇다면 미국의 혹인민족주의는 어떠한 맥락에서 이해되어야 하는가라는 의문이 제기된다. 여기에서 우리는 흑인이 공통된 경험에서 비롯된 강한 인종적 유대감으로 결속되어 있고, “백인”이라는 타자에 대비되는 “흑인”이라는 자기 정체성을 지니게 되었음을 주지하여야 한다. 미국에서 전개된 흑인민족주의는 노예제도라는 확실한 원인을 지니고 있다이 논문은 1995년도 한국학술진흥재단의 학술연구소 연구과제 연구비에 의하여 연구되었음

An Experimental and Analytical Study on Plate-type Micro Pulsating Heat Pipes

Electronic devices are gradually becoming smaller in size and the heating spot is also becoming smaller. The Micro Pulsating Heat Pipe(MPHP) is an efficient device to dissipate heat from the miniaturized heating surface. In the present study, experiments and simulations were conducted in order to design high performance MPHP. Thermal performance experiments were conducted to investigate the variables that can influence the design of MPHP. The temperature of the heating part was fixed at 75℃ and the temperature of cooling part was fixed at 23℃. The MPHPs for test were made by micro milling technology. MPHPs were machined in two types of square channels with a channel side length of 800 and 600 μm. The number of turns were five and nine. For working fluid, FC-72 was employed in this study because of its chemically stable characteristics for electronic device. The base charging ratio was 60% and an optimum charging ratio was saught. Flow visualization using high_speed camera was recorded to study the flow motion. The circulation and pulsating motions were observed in the experiment. Heat transfer rate increased as the channel size increased or the number of turns increased. The optimum charging ratio for high cooling performance was found to be 60%. Copper plate MPHP showed better heat transfer performance than that of the aluminum plate MPHP. When MPHP alignment angle was found to be vertical, the performance of heat transfer was higher. Numerical simulations of MPHP using ANSYS Fluent were carried out. The calculated heat transfer reat were in good agreement with the experimental data. The simulation results also provided an insight to better understand the mechanism of MPHP제 1 장 서론 1 1.1 연구배경 1 1.2 연구목적 2 제 2 장 선행연구고찰 4 2.1 히트파이프 특성 4 2.2 진동형 히트파이프 유동특성 6 2.3 관 내경과 턴 수에 관한 영향 7 2.4 수평 설치 시 마이크로 진동형 히트파이프 작동 연구 11 2.5 진동형 히트파이프 해석 연구 12 제 3 장 진동형 히트파이프 특성 실험 16 3.1 실험장치 및 실험방법 16 3.2 FC-72 degassing 23 3.3 실험 결과 및 고찰 27 3.3.1 유동 가시화 27 3.3.2 열전달률 34 3.3.3 냉매 충진률 영향 35 3.3.4. 재료 특성 영향 36 3.3.5. 설치 각도 영향 40 3.3.6. 이중 채널 크기 효과 42 제 4 장 진동형 히트파이프 전산해석 47 4.1 서론 47 4.2 지배방정식 47 4.3 해석 도메인 형상과 격자 49 4.4 초기값 및 경계조건과 해석방법 50 4.6 결과 및 고찰 52 4.6.1. 전산해석 유동 양상 52 4.6.2. 열전달률 비교 52 제 5 장 결론 60 참고문헌 62Maste

Factors predictive of occult nipple-areolar complex involvement in patients with carcinoma in situ of the breast

OBJECTIVES: To investigate predictors of occult nipple-areolar complex (NAC) involvement in patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS) and to validate an online probability calculator (CancerMath; www.lifemath.net/cancer/breastcancer/nipplecalc/index.php). METHODS: Mastectomized patients with CIS (n = 104) were retrospectively selected. Clinicopathology and preoperative mammography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were analyzed. RESULTS: Histopathological NAC-positivity was confirmed in 20 (19.2%) patients. Short nipple-tumor distance and suspicious extension to the nipple by mammography were significant but ultrasound was not significant to predict NAC involvement. NAC-positive cases had MRI findings of shorter nipple-tumor distance in both the early and delayed phases. Multivariable regression model showed age >50 years and shorter tumor-nipple distance on the delay phase of MRI were statistically significant predictors of NAC involvement. Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was 0.618 when calculated by CancerMath; however, an AUC of 0.954 was achieved when distance and age were applied together as predictor. CONCLUSIONS: Mammographic and MRI findings were significant for predicting NAC involvement, with distance of the tumor from the nipple in delay phase MRI the most significant predictor of NAC involvement. Therefore, breast MRI could be beneficial for planning nipple-sparing mastectomy in patients with CIS.restrictio