24 research outputs found

    Histopathological studies of 300 cases of non-hodgkin's lymphoma in Korean patients

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    ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์•…์„ฑ ์ž„ํŒŒ์ข…์€ ๋น„๊ต์  ํ”ํžˆ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์•…์„ฑ ์ข…์–‘์ด๋ฉฐ,์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ํ†ต๊ณ„์—์„œ๋„ ์ „์ฒด ์•…์„ฑ ์ข…์–‘์˜ 5.2 %๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์•…์„ฑ ์ž„ํŒŒ์ข…์€ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜ผ๋ˆ์ด ์ดˆ๋ž˜๋˜์–ด ์™”์œผ๋‚˜ 1982๋…„ National Cancer Institute์—์„œ Working Formulation์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ˆํ›„๋‚˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ง“๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์•…์„ฑ ์ž„ํŒŒ์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ๋ถ„์„ ๋ฐ ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ๊ด€์ฐฐ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์— ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์–ด ์™”์ง€๋งŒ Working Formulation ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ†ต๊ณ„์  ๋ถ„์„์€ ๋ฌธํ—Œ์— ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ ๋น„ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 1977๋…„ 1์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 1986๋…„ 12์›”๊นŒ์ง€๋งŒ 10๋…„๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ์„ธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌํ•™ ๊ต์‹ค, ์˜๋™ ์„ธ๋ธŒ๋ž€์Šค ๋ณ‘์› ๋ฐ ์›์ฃผ ์˜๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™๋ถ€์† ์›์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋…๋ณ‘์› ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ๊ณผ์—์„œ ๋น„ ํ˜ธ์ง€ํ‚จ์”จ ์•…์„ฑ ์ž„ํŒŒ์ข…์œผ๋กœ ์ง„๋‹จ๋œ 300์˜ˆ๋ฅผ Working Fonnulation๊ณผ Rappaport ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•ด ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ์žฌ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์–‘์ƒ๊ณผ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด ์ž„ํŒŒ์ข… ์œ ์‚ฌ์งˆํ™˜ ์ค‘ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๋ฉด์—ญ์•„๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์ž„ํŒŒ์„ ์ฆ๊ณผ ๋‹คํ˜•์„ฑ ์„ธ๋ง์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทธ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๋นˆ๋„์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฉด์—ญ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ถˆ๋ฆฐ Kappa์™€ Lambda Light Chain, ฮฑ1-antichy-motrypsin์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—ญ ๊ณผ์‚ฐํ™” ํšจ์†Œ์—ผ์ƒ‰์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. ์ด 300์˜ˆ์˜ ๋น„ ํ˜ธ์ง€ํ‚จ์”จ ์•…์„ฑ ์ž„ํŒŒ์ข…์ค‘ ์ž„ํŒŒ์ ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋Š” 141์˜ˆ, ์œ„์žฅ๊ด€๊ณ„์— 67์˜ˆ, ํŽธ๋„์— 32์˜ˆ์˜ ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ,๋‚จ๋…€๋น„๋Š” 1.4 : 1๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2. Working Formulation์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด 300์˜ˆ์ค‘ ์ค‘๋“ฑ๋„๊ฐ€ 199์˜ˆ (66.4%)๋กœ์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜๊ณ  ์ด์ค‘ "diffuse, large cell " ํ˜•์ด98 (32 7%)๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋นˆ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. Rappaport ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฒ•์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ์ ˆํ˜•์€ 3์˜ˆ(1.0 % )์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋งŒํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ค‘์— " histio cytic "ํ˜•์ด 134์˜ˆ( 44.7% )๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์•˜๋‹ค. 3. ์•…์„ฑ ์ž„ํŒŒ์ข… 300์˜ˆ์ค‘ 32์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ƒ‰์ด ๋™๋ฐ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ" diffuse, large cell "ํ˜•์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋นˆ๋ฒˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋™๋ฐ˜๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 4 .์ด 7์˜ˆ์˜ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๋ฉด์—ญ์•„๊ตฌ์„ฑ ์ž„ํŒŒ์„ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋ฉด์—ญ ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ธ”๋ฆฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—ญ ๊ณผ์‚ฐํ™” ์—ผ์ƒ‰์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 7์˜ˆ์ค‘ 4์˜ˆ์—์„œ kappaํ‘์€ Lambda chain์— ์–‘์„ฑ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋ฉด์—ญ ์•„๊ตฌ ์„ธํฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์–ด polyclonality๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ alpha-1-antichymotrypsin ์—๋Š” ์ •์ƒ ์กฐ์ง๊ตฌ๋“ค๋งŒ์ด ์—ผ์ƒ‰๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด 26์˜ˆ์˜ ๋‹คํ˜•์„ฑ ์„ธ๋ง์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—ญ ๊ณผ์‚ฐํ™” ํšจ์†Œ ์—ผ์ƒ‰์—์„œ ์ดํ˜•์„ฑ ์„ธ๋ง์„ธํฌ๋Š” kappa, lambda์™€ alpha-1-antichymotrypsin์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์Œ์„ฑ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] Non-Hodekin's malignant lymphoma is a relatively frequent lymphoreticular malignancy, and has been reported to constitute up to 5.2% of all malignant turners In Korean patients. Various morphologic classifications of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been proposed, and among them, the Rappaport's classification has been most widely accepted. In 1982, a National Cancer Institute sponsored study on clasaification led to the creation of the Working Formulation in an attempt to resolve the controversy and debate regarding the various classiftications of non-Hodgkin' s lymphoma. Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia and polymorphic reticulosts is a lymphoreticular ploitferative disorder, which has been reported to transform to malignant lymphoma. The purpose of the present study is to reclassify non-Hodgkin's lymphomas according to the Working Formulation and to investigate the histopathological and immunocytochemical characteristics of angioimmunoblstic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia and polymorphic reticulosis. The study reviewed 300 cases of nodal and extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 26 cases of polymorphic reticulosis, and 7 cases of angiommunblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia examined in the Departments of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Youngdong Severance Hospital and Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine from January 1977 to December 1986. In non-Hodgkin's lymphomal each case was classified according to Working Formulation and the Rappaport classification. All angioimmunoblastic lynphadenopathy with dysproteinemia and polymorphic reticulosis cases were subsjected to histopathological analysis and a review of the clinical records. Immunocytochemical studies were done using kappa and lambda chains for B-cell markers and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin for histiocytic markers. The results obtained were as follows : 1) Among 300cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the primarily involved tumor sites were the lymph nodes (141cases), the gastrointestinal tract (67 cases), and the tonsils (32 cases) in descending order of frequency. 2) Using the Working Formulation, intermediate-grade lymphomas occurred in 66.4% of the patients, and the most comnon subtype was "diffuse, large cell" (32.7%) .By the Rappaport classification, 3 patients had nodular lymphomas, and "diffuse, hitstiocytic" was the most common subtype. 3) Infarction was present in 32 cased in which the "diffuse, large cell" type was most frequently associated. 4) In a review of 7 cases of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia, immnunoperoxidase stains were done, and proliferatinsg immunoblasts revealed a polyclonal positivity for kappa or lambda chains. 26 cases of polymorphic reticulosis were reiewed, and atypical reticulocytes revealed a negativity for kappa, lambda and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin with immunoperoxidase stain.restrictio

    (The) effect of ethalol on the experimental hepatocarcinogenesis induced by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylamino-azobenzene

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    ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/๋ฐ•์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ํ™”ํ•™๋ฐœ์•”์ œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‹คํ—˜์  ๊ฐ„์•” ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „์•”๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ณ‘๋ณ€๋“ค์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์•”์ข…๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. 3'-Methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene(3'-MeDAB)์— ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฐ„์•”๋ฐœ์ƒ์€ ๊ฐ„์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ™œ๋ฉด์†Œํฌ์ฒด์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” cytochrome P^^450 ์‚ฐํ™”ํšจ์†Œ๊ณ„์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์‚ฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์ตœ์ข… ๋ฐœ์•”๋ฌผ์งˆ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ethanol๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด cytochrome P^^450 ์‚ฐํ™”ํšจ์†Œ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‚ฐํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์€ 3'-MeDAB๋Œ€์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณ ๊ฐ„์•” ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง„๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ ์‹คํ—˜์—์„œ๋Š” 3'-MeDAB์„ ๋‹จ๋…ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ethanol๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฐ„์•” ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „์•”๋ณ‘๋ณ€๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ๊ด€๊ณ„์™€ ethanol์ด ๊ฐ„์•” ๋ฐœ์ƒ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ณด๊ณ ์žํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‹คํ—˜๋™๋ฌผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ฒด์ค‘ 180g ๋‚ด์™ธ์˜ ์ˆซ์ปท ํš์ฅ 156๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ 3'-MeDAB ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ethanol ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ 8๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ œโ… ๊ตฐ์€ ์ •์ƒ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ตฐ, ์ œโ…ก๊ตฐ์€ 3'-MeDAB 6์ฃผ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ, ์ œโ…ข๊ตฐ์€ 3'-MeDAB 9์ฃผ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ, ์ œโ…ฃ๊ตฐ์€ 3'-MeDAB๊ณผ ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ethanol(๋ฌด์ˆ˜ alcohol 4g/kg, ์›”, ์ˆ˜, ๊ธˆ) ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ, ์ œโ…ค๊ตฐ์€ 3'-MeDAB๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋Ÿ‰์˜ ethanol(๋ฌด์ˆ˜ alcohol 12g/kg, ์›”, ํ™”) ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ, ์ œโ…ฅ๊ตฐ์€ ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ethanol(3์ฃผ) ์ „์ฒ˜์น˜ํ›„ 3'-MeOAB๊ณผ ethanol ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ, ์ œโ…ฆ๊ตฐ์€ ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ethanol ๋‹จ๋…ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ, ์ œโ…ง๊ตฐ์€ ๋‹ค๋Ÿ‰์˜ ethanol ๋‹จ๋…ํˆฌ์—ฌ๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๊ตฐ์€ 3, 6, 9, 12, 15์ฃผ์˜ ์†Œ๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ํฌ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ ์ถœํ•œ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์œก์•ˆ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์กฐ์งํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๊ณผ bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉด์—ญ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. 1. 3'-MeOAB ํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ ์ฐจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ethanolํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ์—๋Š” ์ ์ฐจ๋กœ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. 2. 3'-MeDAB ๋‹จ๋… ํ˜น์€ ethanol๊ณผ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ ๊ฐ„ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ๊ณผ๋ฆฝ, ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ, ์ข…๊ดดํ˜•์„ฑ์€ ํˆฌ์•ฝ์ค‘๋‹จํ›„์—๋„ ๊ณ„์† ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ethanol๋กœ ์ „์ฒ˜์น˜ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํˆฌ์•ฝ์ค‘๋‹จ ํ›„ ๊ฒฐ์ ˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜์™€ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 3. 3'-MeDAB ํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ ethanol ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํˆฌ์—ฌ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์™€ ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ๋‚œ์›ํ˜•์„ธํฌ ์ฆ์‹, ์„ ์ข…์„ฑ ์ฆ์‹(Adenomatous hyperplasia, AH), ์„ฌ์œ ์„ฑ ๋‹ด๊ด€์ฆ์‹(cholangiofibrosis, CF) ๋ฐ ์•”์ข…์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํŠนํžˆ AH์™€ CF๋Š” ํˆฌ์•ฝ์ค‘์ง€ ํ›„์—๋„ ๊ณ„์† ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ethanol์„ ์ „์ฒ˜์น˜ํ•˜ ๊ณ  3'-MeDAB์„ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํˆฌ์•ฝ์ค‘๋‹จ ํ›„ AH์™€ CF์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์ ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ดํ˜•์„ฑ ์„ ์ข…์„ฑ์ฆ์‹(Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, AAH)๊ณผ ์•”์ข…์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. 4. ๋‚œ์›ํ˜•์„ธํฌ๋Š” ์ƒํ”ผ์„ธํฌ ํ‘œ์ง€์ž์ธ cytokeratin์˜ ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํˆฌ์•ฝ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์ธ 3์ฃผ์—๋Š” ์œ„์„ ์ด๋‚˜ ์„ธํฌ์‚ญ์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ์ทจํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ„์†Œ์—ฝ๋‚ด๋กœ ์ž๋ผ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด AH๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ 6์ฃผ ์ดํ›„์—๋Š” ๋‚œ์›ํ˜•์„ธํฌ๊ฐ€ AH ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ๋งŒ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. 5. CF์˜ ์ •๋„์™€ BrdU ํ‘œ์ง€์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ํˆฌ์•ฝ์ค‘๋‹จ ํ›„์—๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์€ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ๋‚œ์›ํ˜•์„ธํฌ์™€ AH์˜ BrdU ํ‘œ์ง€์ง€์ˆ˜๋Š” ํˆฌ์•ฝ์ค‘๋‹จ ํ›„ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 6. 3'-MeDAB ๋‹จ๋… ํ˜น์€ ethanol ๋ณ‘ํ–‰ํˆฌ์—ฌ์‹œ ์†Œ์ˆ˜์—์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ AAH๋Š” ํˆฌ์•ฝ์ค‘๋‹จ ํ›„์— ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋†’์€ BrdU ํ‘œ์ง€์ง€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‚œ์›ํ˜•์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ฆ์‹๊ณผ AH๋Š” ๊ฐ€์—ญ์ ์ธ ๋ณ‘๋ณ€์ธ ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด CF์™€ AAH๋Š” ๋น„๊ฐ€์—ญ์ ์ธ ์ „์•”๋ณ‘๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ethanol๋กœ ์ „์ฒ˜์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฐœ์•”์ œ ํˆฌ์—ฌ์ค‘๋‹จ ํ›„ CF, AH ๋ฐ AAH์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „์•”๋ณ‘๋ณ€๊ณผ ์ตœ์ข…์ ์ธ ๊ฐ„์•”๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด ์–ต์ œ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ] It has been generally accepted that sequential histological changes develop during the course of hepatocarcinogenesis as the precancerous lesions. However, the exact pathogenic mechanism and the relationship between these precancerous lesions and carcinoma remain controversial. In 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene(3'-MeDAB ) induced hepatocarcinogenesis, the intermediate metabolites Produced by cytochrome P^^450 oxidase system of hepatocytes are thought to be the ultimate carcinogen, and conceivably such drubs as ethanol which is also oxidized by the same hepatic oxidase system may affect the 3'-MeDAB induced hepatocarcinogenesis. The Present study aimed to elucidate that the cytokinetic nature of the hepatic lesions developed by 3'-MeDAB administration and the effect of ethanol on the course of hepatocarcinogenesis. Sprague-Dawley male rats about 180 g were used for the experiment, and divided into 8 groups according to the duration and doses of 3'-MeDAB and ethanol administered: โ… . normal control, โ…ก. 3'-MeDAB only for 6 weeks, โ…ข. 3'-MeDAB only for 9 weeks, โ…ฃ. 3'-MeDAB with a small dose(4g/kg) of ethanol, โ…ค. 3'-MeDAB with a large dose(12g/kg) of ethanol, โ…ฅ. ethanol pretreatment for 3 weeks followed by 3'-MeDAB plus ethanol for 9 weeks, โ…ฆ. ethanol only for 9 weeks in a small dose, โ…ง. ethanol only for 9 weeks in a large dose. Animals were sacrificed at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15weeks. The liver weight, the gross and microscopical chanties of the liver were compared between the experimental groups. Cell kinetics of the various hepatic lesions developed in the hepatocarcinogenesis was examined by applying the immunohistochemical method for bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU). The results are as follows: 1. Liver weights tended to increase gradually in the experimental groups treated with 3'-MeDAB with or without ethanol, whereas it decreased in the animals given ethanol alone. 2. The number and size of hepatic granules, nodules and masses continued to increase in the experimental groups given 3'-MeDAB with or without simultaneous ethanol administration, but in the ethanol pretreated animals, nodules or masses larger than 5mm were not found after cessation of 3'-MeDAB. 3. The administration of 3'-MeDAB gave rise to the development of oval cell proliferation, adenomatous hyperplasia(AH), cholangiofibrosis(CF), atypical adenornatous hyperplasia (AAH) and carcinoma. On the other hand, the prior administration of ethanol caused a decreased development of AH, CF, AAH and carcinoma. 4. The oval cells appealed at portal areas as early as 3 weeks when they grow into the hepatic lobule in a pseudoglandular or cord Pattern, but after 6 weeks they were seen extending along the margin of hepatic lobule or AH. The oval cells showed negative staining for both cytokeratin AE1 and AE3. 5. The BrdU labeling index of oval cell and AH were decreased following cessation of 3'-MeDAB administration, but that of CF continued to increase even after the cessation. 6. Most AAH developed after cessation of 3'-MeDAB administration, and its BrdU labeling index was higher than that of AH. In conclusion, the octal cell proliferation and AH appear to be reversible lesions in contrast to the CF and AAH that are thought to gain access to the autonomously proliferative activity, and it is thought that the prior administration of ethanol inhibits the development of AH, CF, AAH and carcinoma following cessation of 3'-MeDAB.restrictio

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    The Epistemological Structure of Angst : Heideggers Concept of Angst and the Buddhist Vijรฑapti-matra Concept of Four Aspects of Theory of Cognition

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    ์ด ๊ธ€์€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์˜ ์ธ์‹ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ด๋ฐ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ(Angst) ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ์œ ์‹์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ถ„์„ค(ๅ››ๅˆ†่ชช)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ •๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์€ ๋ฌดํ™”์ž‘์šฉ(das Nichten)์œผ๋กœ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์  ํ† ๋Œ€์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ทผ๋ณธ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณ์—์„œ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋˜ ์กด์žฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ฐํ˜€์ค€๋‹ค. ์œ ์‹์€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ž€ ๋ฌผ์Œ ํ•˜์— ์‹์˜ ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง‘์ฐฉ๊ณผ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ์‹ ๋ถˆ๊ต์˜ ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์  ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‘ ์ด๋ก ์€, ์กด์žฌ๋ก ์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ „์ฒด ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ฐํ˜€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ธ ๋ถ„์„์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ๋ก ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„, ๊ณผ์ •, ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์˜ ์ธ์‹ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ์ง€๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์œ ์‹์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ถ„์„ค ์ธ์‹์ž‘์šฉ์„ ๋„์ž…ํ•ด๋ณธ๋‹ค. ๋„์ถœ๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๋ณธ๋ž˜์ ์ธ ์กด์žฌ์ž์˜ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฌดํ™”์ž‘์šฉ์—์„œ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์˜ ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ง์ƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณธ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌด์˜๋ฏธ์™€ ๋ง์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์˜ ์ธ์‹ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๋ณธ๋ž˜์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ฐํ˜€๋ณธ๋‹ค. ์…‹์งธ, ์ธ์‹ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์ง€๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ์‹ ์ž‘์šฉ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์‹ฌ์ธต์˜์‹์—์„œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ๋‹ค.This paper attempts to define and establish the cognitive structure of angst through Heideggers concept of angst and the Buddhist Vijรฑapti-matra concept of Four Aspects of Theory of Cognition. Angst is a fundamental phenomenon that arises from nihilism (das Nichten). This fundamental feeling reveals to the being that he exists not only next to but also within the world in which he lives. Buddhism manifests the overall structure through raising questions such as Is the subject perceived objectively? This is the Buddhist Vijรฑapti-matras reflection on its perception of obsession and pain. In an ontological aspect, these two theories are the structural analysis that attempt to reveal the overall phenomenon. First of all, the Buddhist Vijรฑapti-matra concept of Four Aspects of Theory of Cognition is applied as the initial stage in which angst is perceived by the being. The conclusion drawn is as follows: the feeling of angst (mental phenomena) ร  perceiving oneself to be anxious (discriminating such phenomena)ร  questioning why one is feeling angst (the power that discriminates) ร  perceiving oneself that is questioning the why (the proof or assurance of that power). Second, the paper examines the condition of the inauthentic being that experiences angst and investigates the meaninglessness of the routines of everyday life that emerges from nihilism. Through such exploration of futile delusions, the paper strives to reveal the inauthentic process that occurs within the epistemological structure of angst. Third, the paper examines the effect on the development of angst when there is a change in the method of perception from cognition to in-depth awareness

    ์—ด๋ฆฐ์ถฉ๋‚จ 51ํ˜ธ-[์ทจ์ž„์‚ฌ]์ œ36๋Œ€ ์•ˆํฌ์ • ์ถฉ์ฒญ๋‚จ๋„์ง€์‚ฌ ์ทจ์ž„์‚ฌ - ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ถฉ๋‚จ

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    ์กด๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๋ฏผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ! ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋„๋ฏผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ถ€๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์ œ36๋Œ€ ์ถฉ์ฒญ๋‚จ๋„์ง€์‚ฌ์— ์ทจ์ž„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์„ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ € ์•ˆํฌ์ •์˜ ๋„์ „์— ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์—ด๊ณ  ์˜๊ด‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ฒจ์ฃผ์‹  ๋„๋ฏผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์— ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋น›๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฐธ์„ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹  ๋‚ด๋นˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜๋„ ๊นŠ์€ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฒˆ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•จ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ์˜ ์šด๋ช…์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ ์ž์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. -์ดํ›„ ์ƒ๋žตN/
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