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    Mesenchymal stem cell based intradiscal gene therapy : Therapeutic implication in degenerative disc disease : ํ‡ดํ–‰์„ฑ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ ์งˆํ™˜์—์„œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์  ์˜๋ฏธ

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    ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ/์„์‚ฌ[ํ•œ๊ธ€] ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ตฌ๋„: ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ œ 5ํ˜• ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค, ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ, ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹œํ—˜๊ด€๋‚ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ชฉ์  : ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์— TGF-ฮฒ1-์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์งˆ ์žฌ์ƒ๋Šฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• : ์ฒ™์ถ” ์งˆํ™˜์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ํ•œ ํ™˜์ž์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๊ณจ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ ์ฑ„์ทจํ•˜์—ฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์น˜๋ฃŒ ์œ ์ „์ž๋กœ TGF-ฮฒ1๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ, ์ œ 5ํ˜• ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์— ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฐ์–‘๋œ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ ์„ธํฌ์— TGF-ฮฒ1 ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ 5ํ˜• ์•„๋ฐ๋…ธ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค(Ad TGF-ฮฒ1)๋ฅผ ์ „์ด์‹œํ‚จ ํ›„, ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ธํฌ์™€ TGF-ฮฒ1 ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์ „์ด๋œ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ์„ž์–ด์„œ alginate๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ 3์ฐจ์› ๋ฐฐ์–‘์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. [methyl-3H] Thymidine์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์„ธํฌ ์ฆ์‹๋Šฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ , [35S]Sulfur๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๋‹น๋‹จ๋ฐฑ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ „์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ธํฌ ๊ด€๋ จ ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž RT-PCR์„ ํ†ตํ•œ densitometry๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ : ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฐฐ์–‘์‹œ, ์‹ ์ƒ ๋‹น๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์˜ ์ƒ์„ฑ์€ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ธํฌ๋งŒ์„ ๋‹จ๋… ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ์™€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Ad TGF-ฮฒ1์ด ์ „์ด๋œ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์™€ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ ๋ฐฐ์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹ ์ƒ ๋‹น๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์ด ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „์‚ฌ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ Aggrecan๊ณผ collagen type II์˜ ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์—์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ collagen type I์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐœํ˜„์–‘์ด ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก  : ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ„ํŒ์„ธํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธํฌ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Šฅ์€ ์„ธํฌ ์ˆ˜์œจ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉด์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ค‘๊ฐ„์—ฝ ์ค„๊ธฐ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ณจ ์„ธํฌ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ˜•์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค. [์˜๋ฌธ]Study Design : In-vitro experiment using human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), intervertebral disc (IVD) cell and type 5 adenovirus transforming growth factor-ฮฒ1 construct (Ad/TGF-ฮฒ1). Objectives : To determine the effect of MSC-based gene therapy for matrix regeneration of IVD cells. Summary of literature review : MSCs are known to be multipotent in tissue regeneration. In degeneration of IVD, cellular replacement with genetic modification other than IVD cell may prove a enhanced mechanism of regeneration of IVD. Materials and Methods : MSCs and IVD cells were cultured. Adenovirus construct containing TGF-ฮฒ1 cDNA (Ad/TGF-ฮฒ1) was also produced. In first step, MSCs were transduced with Ad/TGF-ฮฒ1. Then MSCs with Ad/TGF-ฮฒ1 and IVD cells mixed with certain proportion and cultured three dimensionally. [methyl-3H]Thymidine incorporation for DNA synthesis and [35S]Sulfur incorporation for proteoglycan synthesis were measured. RT-PCR for aggrecan, collagen type I, and collagen type II mRNA expression was performed Results : Mixed cultures with MSCs and IVD cells showed relatively same amount of newly synthesized proteoglycan comparing with cultures of IVD cell only. In mixed cultures transduced with Ad/TGF-ฮฒ1, there was significant decrease in newly synthesized proteoglycan with regard to increase of the portion of MSCs. Aggrecan and collagen type II mRNA expression showed same finding. But collagen type I mRNA expression increased with an increase of the portion of MSCs with Ad TGF-ฮฒ1. Conclusion : The cell therapy with MSCs to IVD cells provided a mechanism of cellular augmentation. However, MSC-based gene therapy to IVD cell did not maintain chondrogenic phenotype.ope
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