8 research outputs found
Identification of genetic origin in bilateral breast cancer
Dept. of Medical Science/์์ฌ[ํ๊ธ]
์์ธก์ฑ ์ ๋ฐฉ์์ ๋ฐ์ํ ์๊ฐ์ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก synchronous tumor์ metachronous tumor๋ก ๋๋์ด ์ง ์ ์๋ค.
๊ฐ๊ฐ์ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ์ ์์ธก์ฑ ์ ๋ฐฉ์์์ ์์ธํฌ์ clonality๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ์ํ๋ฅผ ์์ธกํ๊ณ ์น๋ฃ์ ์ด์ฉํ๊ธฐ ์ํด ๋งค์ฐ ์ค์ํ๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ synchronous ์ข
์๊ณผ metachronous์ข
์์์ ๊ฐ ์ข
์์ด ํ ์๋ฐ์์์ ์ ๋ํ ์ ์ด ์์ธ์ง ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋
๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ๋ค๋ฅธ clone์์ ์ ๋๋ ์ข
์์ธ์ง๋ฅผ ์ ํํ๊ฒ ์ฆ๋ช
ํ๊ธฐ๋ ์ด๋ ต๋ค.
๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์์๋ metachronous, synchronous ์์ธก์ฑ ์ ๋ฐฉ์์์ genetic origin ๊ตฌ๋ถํ๊ธฐ ์ํ์ฌ ๋ถ์ ์๋ฌผํ์ ์ธ์ ๊ทผ์ ์๋ํ์๋ค.
๋จผ์ , ๊ธฐ์กด์ ์ด์ฉ๋์๋ x chromosome inactivation assay๋ฅผ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ๋ถ์ํด ๋ณด์์ผ๋, ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ๋๋ฐ ๋ํ๋๋ ์ค๋ฅ์ ์ฌ์ฑ์๊ฒ๋ง ์ด์ฉํ ์ ์๋ ๋ฑ์ ๋ช ๊ฐ์ง ํ๊ณ๊ฐ ์์๋ค.
์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ํ๊ธฐ ์ํด array-based genomic DNA hybridization์ ์ํํ๊ณ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ์๋ค. ๋ณธ ์คํ์ ์์homotypic experiment, dye swapping tests, spikes hybridization๋ฑ์ ์คํ์ ํตํดarray- based CGH์์ ์ ์ ์ ํน์ด์ ์ธ hybridization์ ์ ํ์ฑ, ์ฌํ์ฑ์ด ์์์ ์ฆ๋ช
ํ์๋ค. Array-based CGH๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ metachronous tumor 3
์์์ synchronous tumor 3์์์ ๋ณด๋ค ๋ง์ ์ ์ ์ ๋ณํ๊ฐ ์์์ ๋ณด์ฌ์ฃผ์๋ค.
๊ถ๊ทน์ ์ผ๋ก, synchronous ๋๋ metachronous ์์ธก์ฑ ์ ๋ฐฉ์์์ ์๋ก ๋ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์์ ๊ฐ์ง ์ ์กฐ์ง์genomic DNA ๋ฐํ ํจํด์ด ๋ค๋ฅด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฌํ ์ ์ ์ ํจํด ๋ถ์ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ์ด์ฉํ์ฌ ์ ์ด์ ์ํ ์ฌ๋ฐ์ธ์ง, ์ด์ฐจ์ ์๋ฐ ์ข
์์ธ์ง๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถํ ์ ์๋ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ์ ์ ํ์๋ค.
[์๋ฌธ]
Bilateral breast cancer (BBC) can be divided into two groups; synchronous and metachronous cancer. In case of both metachronous and synchronous tumors, it remains unclear whether the BBC represents the coincidental occurrence of two independent primary cancers or concurrently identified metastasized tumor from contralateral breast cancer. In later case, two tumors are considered to be of same genetic origin. Understanding about the genetic origin of BBC is very important for prognosis prediction and proper treatment.
In this study, we employed two different technologies in order to assess genetic and epigenetic changes in tumor, which allow us to determine the genetic characterization of BBC. At first, results from X-chromosome inactivation assay were unable to indicate their genetic origin in bilateral breast cancer.
There were some limitations of using X chromosome assay for clinical application in bilateral breast cancer patients. Because of tumor heterogeneity, one marker located on the X chromosome was insufficient for comparing cancer origin in bilateral breast cancer.
Thus, array based CGH pattern analysis was utilized to identify genomic origin in BBC. To evaluate the specificity of the hybridized spot signal on array CGH chip and experimental bias from dye labeling efficiency, we performed homotypic experiment, dye swapping test, and the hybridization with known DNA control spikes. We confirmed that our array-based CGH system specifically recapitulated the genomic changes in target preparation. Different genomic DNA changes were 2%ยฑ2.20 in synchronous pairs, whereas the changes were 14.3%ยฑ10.6 in metachronous pairs.
In conclusion, our results suggested that bilateral breast cancers which originated from different clones have different chromosomal imbalance patterns. The array based-CGH is considered as a useful tool for direct detection of genome profiles.ope
Determination of genes related to gastrointestinal tract origin cancer cells using a cDNA microarray
PURPOSE: We evaluated the genome-wide gene expression profiles of various cancer cell lines to identify the gastrointestinal tract cancer cell-related genes.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Gene expression profilings of 27 cancer cell lines and 9 tissues using 7.5K human cDNA microarrays in indirect design with Yonsei reference RNA composed of 11 cancer cell line RNAs were done. The significant genes were selected using significant analysis of microarray in various sets of data. The selected genes were validated using real-time PCR analysis.
RESULTS: After intensity-dependent, within-print-tip normalization by loess method, we observed that expression patterns of cell lines and tissues were substantially different, divided in two discrete clusters. Next, we selected 115 genes that discriminate gastrointestinal cancer cell lines from others using significant analysis of microarray. Among the expression profiles of five gastric cancer cell lines, 66 genes were identified as differentially expressed genes related to metastatic phenotype. YCC-16, which was established from the peripheral blood of one advanced gastric cancer patient, produced a unique gene expression pattern resembling the profiles of lymphoid cell lines. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR results of selected genes, including PXN, KRT8, and ITGB5, were correlated to microarray data and successfully discriminate the gastrointestinal tract cancer cell lines from hematologic malignant cell lines.
CONCLUSIONS: A gene expression database could serve as a useful source for the further investigation of cancer biology using the cell lines.ope
Gene copy number change events at chromosome 20 and their association with recurrence in gastric cancer patients
PURPOSE: This study examined the gene copy number change events at chromosome 20 in gastric cancer, and their possible relationship with recurrence using cDNA microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization.
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Thirty pairs of gastric tumor and normal gastric tissues were used in the cDNA microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization. The cDNA microarrays containing 17,000 sequence-verified human gene probes were used in a direct comparison design, where genomic DNAs from the normal and tumor tissues were labeled with fluorescent dyes Cy3 and Cy5, respectively, and cohybridized. Genes with log(2) (Cy5/Cy3) > or = 0.58 in at least one case were selected as the amplified genes. In order to search for the association between gene copy number changes and the recurrence status, patients were grouped according to their recurrence status. Gene selection between the two groups was done, and each patient was given a score based on the sum of the selected genes' ratios. Logistic regression analysis was carried out in order to determine if the score of a group of patients was correlated with a recurrence.
RESULTS: A group of genes including NCOA6, CYP24A1, PTPN1, and ZNF217 was amplified in gastric cancer. Another group of 39 genes, whose sum of copy number change levels was significantly associated with a poor prognosis for recurrence, was selected (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Ninety-six amplified genes at chromosome 20 of gastric cancer are reported. A scoring system based on gene copy changes at chromosome 20 can provide an independent patient grouping system that can distinguish patient recurrence status and survival.ope
The pattern of gene copy number changes in bilateral breast cancer surveyed by cDNA microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization.
The nature of genetic alterations in bilateral breast cancer (BBC) associated with the distinctive development of a second primary tumor or a metastatic lesion is not clearly established. In this study, patterns of promoter methylation and gene copy number changes were assessed for their utility in the distinction of two types of BBC (synchronous and metachronous). Seven cases of synchronous and five cases of metachronous breast cancer tissues were used in X chromosome inactivation assay to assess the methylation pattern of human androgen receptor gene. X chromosome inactivation assay alone did not provide enough information to distinguish the genetic origins of synchronous and metachronous BBC. When four pairs of paraffin-embedded BBC tissues were used in cDNA array-based CGH with placenta DNA as a reference, higher DNA copy number changes were observed from metachronous pairs (9.0%) than from synchronous pairs (3.1%). From the two cases of metachronous pairs tested, 44 genes were found to be commonly modulated in gene copy numbers in a cancer detected later.ope
๊ตญ์ฑ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ์ฌ์ ์ฐ๊ณ ๊ฐํ ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ๋์ค ๊ตฌ์ถ ๋ฐฉ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ
๊ฒฝ์ ยท์ธ๋ฌธ์ฌํ์ฐ๊ตฌํ (์ดํ โ๊ฒฝ์ฌ์ฐโ) ์๊ด 26๊ฐ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด๋ค์ ๊ณ ์ ์ ์ค๋ฆฝ๋ชฉ์ ๊ณผ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ์ผ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์ฌ์
์ ๊ฐ๋ณ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ถ์งํ๊ณ ์๋ค. ๊ตญ๋ฌด์กฐ์ ์ค์ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก ํ ODA ํตํฉ์กฐ์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ด ์ ์ฐจ ํ๋๋๋ ํ๊ฒฝ ํ์์๋ ๊ตญ์ฑ
์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ODA ์ฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ๋ ๋ณด๋ค ์ฒด๊ณ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ํ ๋์ด, ์ ๋ถ์ ODA ์ ๋ต์๋ฆฝ ๋ฐ ์ด์์ ๋ํ ์ง์ ํ๋ ์๊ตฌ๊ฐ ์์๋๋ค. ๋ฐ๋ผ์ ๋ณธ๊ณ ์์๋ ๋จํธ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ง๊ณ ์๋ ๊ตญ์ฑ
์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ์ฌ์
์ ์ฐ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ฐํํ๊ณ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ํ ์ฒด๊ณ ํ๋ฆฝ์ ์ํ ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ๋์ค ๊ตฌ์ถ๋ฐฉ์์ ์ ์ํ๊ณ ์ ํ๋ค.
์์ง๊น์ง ๊ฒฝ์ฌ์ฐ ๋ด ๊ตญ์ฑ
์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ๊ด๋ จ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ๊ณ ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ถ์ผ์ ODA ์ฌ์
๊ณผ์ ์ฐ๊ด์ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ์ฌ์
์ ๋ํ ๊ด์ฌ๋ ์ฐจ์ด ๋ฑ์ ์ด์ ๋ก ํฐ ํธ์ฐจ๊ฐ ์์ผ๋ฉฐ ๋ถ์ ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ด์๋์ด ์ถฉ๋ถํ ์๋์ง ํจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ด์ง ๋ชปํ๊ณ ์๋ค. ์ด๋ค์ ์ฌ์
ํํ๋ ODA ์ฃผ๊ด๋ถ์ฒ ๋ฐ ์ํ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ฉ์ญ ๊ณต๋ชจ์ฐธ์ฌ, ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ๊ด๋ จ ์ฃผ์ ์ ๊ฒฝ์ฌ์ฐ ํ๋์ฐ๊ตฌ ์ํ, ์์ฒด์์ฐ์ ์ด์ฉํ ODA ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ถ์ง ๋ฑ ๋ค์ํ ๋ฐฉ์์ผ๋ก ์ด๋ฃจ์ด์ง๊ณ ์๋ค. ๊ฒฝ์ฌ์ฐ์ ์๊ด ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด๋ค์ด ์ถ์งํ๊ณ ์๋ ODA ์ฌ์
๊ด๋ จ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ฐ๊ณ์ฑ์ ๋์ด๊ธฐ ์ํ ๋ค๊ฐ์ ์ธ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์ ๊ธฐ์ธ์ฌ์๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ์์ ๋ค๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ํ๊ณ ์ฐฝ์ถํ ์ ์๋ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ์ด ๋ ์ ์๋ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด ๊ฐ ์ฐ๊ณ ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ๋์ค๊ฐ ์์ง ๋ฏธํกํ๊ณ , ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด์ด ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋์ ์ผ๋ก ์ํํ ์ ์๋ ์ญํ ๋ ๋จํธ์ ์ธ ์ํฉ์ด๋ค.
๋ณธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๋ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ์ด ๋์ธ์ ๋ต์์ ์ฐจ์งํ๋ ์ค์์ฑ์ด ์ ์ฐจ ํ๋๋๊ณ ์์ผ๋ฏ๋ก ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ๋ถ์ผ์์ ๊ตญ์ ์ ์ธ ๋ฆฌ๋์ญ์ ํ๋ณดํ๊ณ ์ ๋ถ์ ODAํ์ ๊ณํ์ ๋ถ์ํ๊ธฐ ์ํ์ฌ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ๊ฐํ ๋ฐ ํจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด ๊ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ๋์ค ๊ตฌ์ถ์ ์ ์ํ๊ณ ์๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ํด ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ์ฌ์
์ ๊ธ๋ก๋ฒ ํธ๋ ๋์ ์ ์ง๊ณต์ฌ๊ตญ์ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ๋์ค๋ฅผ ๋ถ์ํ์ฌ ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๊ธฐํ ๋ฐ ๊ด๋ฆฌ์ฒด๊ณ์ ํตํฉํ ํ์์ฑ์ ๋์ถํ๊ณ ์๋ค. 26๊ฐ ๊ตญ์ฑ
์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๋ด ๊ฑฐ์ ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ์ง์ ํ๊ณ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ค์ฌ์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์ผ๋ณ๋ก ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ์ฐ๊ณ์์คํ
๊ฐํ ๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ๋์ค ๊ตฌ์ถ๋ฐฉ์์ ์ ์ํ์๋ค.
๊ฐ๋ณ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด ์ฐจ์์์๋ ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด์ด ๋ณด์ ํ๊ณ ์๋ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์ธ์ ๋คํธ์ํฌ ์์ฐ์ ์ฒด๊ณ์ ์ผ๋ก ์ถ์ ยทํ์ฉํ๋ ํํธ, ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ๊ด๋ จ ์ค์ฅ๊ธฐ ์ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ณผ์ ๋ฅผ ์ง์์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐ๊ตดํ์ฌ์ผ ํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํตํด ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ์ ๋ต ์๋ฆฝ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํ ์ด์์ ๋์์ด ๋๋ ์ง์ ์์ฐ์ ODA ์ฃผ๊ด๋ถ์ฒ ๋ฐ ์ํ๊ธฐ๊ด์ ์ ๊ณตํ๋ ์ญํ ์ ์ ๊ทน์ ์ผ๋ก ์ํํ ๊ฒ์ ์ ์ํ๋ค. ๊ตญ์ฑ
์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด ๊ฐ ์ฐ๊ณ ์์คํ
์ด ํ๋ฆฝ๋๋ฉด ๋ ๋์๊ฐ ๋ํ, ํํ, ๋ฏผ๊ฐ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์
์ ํฌ๊ดํ๋ ODA ์ฐ๊ตฌ์ํ๊ณ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ์ ๊ทน์ ์ผ๋ก ์ถ์งํ ์ฌ์ผ ํ ๊ฒ์ด๋ค. ๊ตญ์ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ํด์ธ ์ ์ ODA ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด๊ณผ์ ๊ธ๋ก๋ฒ ํ๋ ฅ์ ํตํ ODA ๋ฐฉํฅ์ฑ ์ ๊ฒ, ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ ๋ฐ๊ตด, ๋คํธ์ํฌ ํ์ฑํ๋ฅผ ํตํ ์ญ๋๊ฐํ์ฌ์
๋ ์ถ์งํ ๊ฒ์ ์ ์ํ๋ค. ์ด๋ฌํ ๋
ธ๋ ฅ์ ํตํด ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ ์ฌ์
์ง์์ ์ํ ์ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ด ํ๋ฐํ๊ฒ ์๋ํ๊ณ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์๋ ๊ตญ์ ๊ฐ๋ฐํ๋ ฅ์ฌ์
์ ํจ๊ณผ์ฑ์ ์ ๊ณ ํ๊ณ ๊ตญ์ ์ฌํ์์์ ๋ฆฌ๋์ฝ๋ ํ๋ณดํ ์ ์์ ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ๊ธฐ๋๋๋ค