16 research outputs found

    Trends of higher education policy studies in Korea: Research topics and characteristics of researchers

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    ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ณ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋™ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ์‹œํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ •์ฑ…์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ์„ค์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„๊ฐ„(2000~2009) ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ 4๊ฐœ ์ฃผ์š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ •์ฑ… ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„ํ•œ 384ํŽธ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ, ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์•ˆํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ณ„โ€ค์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ณ„โ€ค์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋ณ„๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋˜ 746๋ช…์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ™œ๋™ ํŒจํ„ด๊ณผ ์ „๊ณต ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์  ์ฐจ์›์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์  ๋ชฉ์ ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ(์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ/์งˆ๋ณด์žฅ; ํ–‰์ •/์ง€๋ฐฐ๊ตฌ์กฐ)๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๋‚ด์šฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒํ†ตํ•ฉโ€คํ˜•ํ‰์„ฑ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์„ธ๋ถ€์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ณ„ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ •์ฑ…์  ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ ๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ „๊ณต ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์˜์—ญ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฃผ์ œ ์˜์—ญ์„ ๋„˜๋‚˜๋“ค๋ฉฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด ์˜จ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ–ฅํ›„ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” (1) ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์˜์—ญ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ท ํ˜•์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , (2) ์ •์ฑ…์ด ์‹œํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฅ์ธ ๋‹จ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์Šˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, (3) ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ณ„ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์œก์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฐœ๊ตด์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ , (4) ์ •์ฑ…์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ฐ„์˜ ํšจ์œจ์  ์—ญํ•  ๋ถ„๋‹ด๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„โ€คํ˜‘๋ ฅ์ฒด์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. This study aims to look into methods of improving Korea's higher education policies and adjusting its direction of research. By thoroughly analyzing higher education policy studies done by major research institutes, it will examine research trends and characteristics of the researchers. To achieve this goal, 384 HE policy studies from four research institutes(MEST; KEDI; KRIVET; KCUE) which have been heavily involved in higher education policy studies were selected and analyzed by topic, study period, research institute according to the classification scheme developed by the authors. The research patterns and majors of 746 researchers in the studies were also investigated. The results show that the overall trend of the studies seemed to focus mainly on (1) system level issues rather than institutional ones; and (2) efficiency rather than social integration/equity. However, frequencies of sub-topics varied according to periodical changes of policy foci of Korean government and the characteristics of research institutes concerned. In addition, individual researchers tended to cover multiple topics and researchers academic backgrounds were quite diverse. The findings of the study suggest that (1) more balanced research topics including institutional issues should be dealt with in future policy studies; and (2) more deliberate government efforts to nurture higher education researchers and to facilitate closer collaboration between higher education research institutes should be considered in the future. Key words: higher education, policy study, trends of higher education research, study topi

    A Critical Analysis on the Current Accountability Mechanisms in Korean Higher Education

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    ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ ์†์—์„œ, ํ˜„์žฌ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ์  ์„ฑ์ฐฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋จผ์ € ๊ตญ๋‚ด์™ธ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ ํ–‰์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ์„ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์„ํ‹€์„ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜„ํ–‰ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ๋ฅผ (1) ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ, (2) ๊ด€์ (์ •๋ถ€-์‹œ์žฅ-์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€/๋Œ€ํ•™), (3)ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ ์‹ฌ์ธต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฐจ์›์„ ๋ง‰๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์น˜์ /๊ด€ ๋ฃŒ์  ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‹œ์žฅ์  ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ์  ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธํกํ•˜๊ณ , ๋™์‹œ์— ํ˜„ํ–‰ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ์ฒด์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ณ ๋“ฑ๊ต์œก ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์•„๋‚ด๋Š”๋ฐ๋„ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์œผ๋กœ์„œ (1) ๊ตญ๊ฐ€(์ •๋ถ€)ยท์‹œ์žฅยท์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€(๋Œ€ํ•™)์˜ ์ž…์žฅ์ด ๊ท ํ˜•์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์˜๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ„๋„Œ์Šค์˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•, (2) ์ „๋ฌธ์  ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด๊ธฐ์ œ์˜ ๊ฐ•ํ™” ๋ฐ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์‹คํŒจ ๋ณด์™„์žฅ์น˜์˜ ๋งˆ๋ จ, (3) ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ํŠน ์„ฑยท๋ฏธ์…˜ยท์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์œ ์—ฐํ•œ ์ฑ…๋ฌด์„ฑ ํ™•๋ณด ์ •์ฑ… ๋“ฑ์ด ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ •์ฑ…๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. In the context where social demands for higher education accountability are higher than ever before, this study aims to draw useful implications for the direction of the future accountability policies by conducting a critical analysis on the current accountability mechanisms in Korean higher education. To achieve this goal, the study first develops, through an extensive literature review, an analytical framework to investigate accountability mechanisms in Korean higher education. The effectiveness of the current higher education accountability mechanisms is then thoroughly examined based on the following three dimensions: (1) the accountor (those who are responsible for) and means to achieve accountability; (2) perspectives (political/ bureaucratic, market, and professional); and (3) societal context. The results indicate that the professional mechanisms are least developed compared to the political/bureaucratic and the market forms of accountability mechanisms. It is also found that the current accountability mechanisms are not sufficient enough to fully consider a recent higher education paradigm shift reflecting drastic societal changes over the past two decades or so. In conclusion, this study argues that, firstly, it is necessary to establish an appropriate governance system where the representatives of the government, market, and professionals (universities) are brought together to set the long-term goals of higher education, balancing different views of these three different parties in the society. Secondly, strengthening professional accountability mechanisms while at the same time introducing measures to avoid professionals failures should be considered. Thirdly, given different characteristics, missions, and capabilities of the institutions, more flexible accountability mechanisms need to be introduced and further utilized
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