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    ์ œ7๊ธฐ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์˜์–‘์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๋ณด๊ฑด๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™๊ณผ(๋ณด๊ฑดํ•™์ „๊ณต), 2022.2. ๊น€ํ˜ธ.Background Obesity is a disease that causes cardiovascular disease, mental disease, and various chronic diseases not only in adults but also in adolescents, and it is known that environmental factors such as income level and lifestyle influence obesity. The purpose of this study was to identify a group of adolescents who are vulnerable to obesity by examining how various environmental factors affect obesity using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 1,273 adolescents between the ages of 12 and less than 19 who had physical measurement data from 2016 to 2018, which is the 7th period of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Based on the โ€˜Standard Growth Chart for Children and Adolescentsโ€™, the prevalence of obesity was investigated by dividing the group into obese and non-obese groups based on the 95th percentile or higher of body mass index(BMI) by gender and age. The independence test was conducted to see if there was a significant difference in the degree of obesity by dividing the subjects by variable, and by correcting for age and income level, which are variables that significantly affected the incidence of obesity, each variable was determined by propensity score matching method. We investigated whether it influences the incidence of obesity. Additionally, the distribution of environmental factors by region was investigated. Result When the incidence of obesity was analyzed for a total of 1,273 subjects, there was a significant difference in the incidence of obesity according to age and parental income level (p<0.05). Score matching (PSM) was performed. As a result of matching all adolescents according to breakfast frequency, obesity occurred in 13.7% of adolescents who ate breakfast less frequently and 1.5% of adolescents who did not eat breakfast. was found to be significantly lower. In addition, as a result of matching according to physical activity, obesity occurred in 10.7% of young people with little physical activity and 5.8% of adolescents with high physical activity, and it was found that the incidence of obesity was high in the group with low physical activity (p=0.007). There was no significant difference in the frequency of breakfast according to the area of โ€‹โ€‹residence (p=0.358), but there was a significant difference in the degree of physical activity and the frequency of eating out according to the area of โ€‹โ€‹residence (p<0.05). The proportion of adolescents was high, and the frequency of eating out was high in other regions. Conclusion Adolescents who eat breakfast less frequently and are less physically active are more vulnerable to obesity, and there are significant differences in the degree of physical activity and frequency of eating out according to the area of โ€‹โ€‹residence.์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋น„๋งŒ์€ ์„ฑ์ธ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์—๊ฒŒ์„œ๋„ ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€์งˆํ™˜, ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜, ๊ฐ์ข… ๋งŒ์„ฑ๋ณ‘์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์งˆํ™˜์ด๋ฉฐ ์†Œ๋“ ์ˆ˜์ค€๊ณผ ์ƒํ™œ ์Šต๊ด€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์š”์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋น„๋งŒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์˜์–‘์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์ธ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋น„๋งŒ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋น„๋งŒ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์˜์–‘์กฐ์‚ฌ ์ œ7๊ธฐ์— ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜๋Š” 2016๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2018๋…„๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ์—์„œ ๋งŒ 12์„ธ ์ด์ƒ ๋งŒ 19์„ธ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์˜ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์ค‘ ์‹ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ธก ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹จ๋ฉด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. โ€˜์†Œ์•„-์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ํ‘œ์ค€์„ฑ์žฅ๋„ํ‘œโ€™๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ๋ณ„, ์—ฐ๋ น๋ณ„ ์ฒด์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์ง€์ˆ˜(BMI) 95๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œ„์ˆ˜ ์ด์ƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๋งŒ์ธ ๊ตฐ๊ณผ, ๋น„๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ตฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋น„๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ณ„๋กœ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋น„๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ •๋„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋…๋ฆฝ์„ฑ ๊ฒ€์ •์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋น„๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค€ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜์ธ ์—ฐ๋ น๊ณผ ์†Œ๋“ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ฑํ–ฅ ์ ์ˆ˜ ๋งค์นญ(propensity score matching) ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด ๋น„๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„๋กœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์š”์ธ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„ํฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ „์ฒด ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์ธ ์ด 1,273๋ช…์˜ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋น„๋งŒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ, ์—ฐ๋ น๊ณผ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์†Œ๋“ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋น„๋งŒ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์ •๋„์— ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ(p<0.05) ์—ฐ๋ น๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๊ตฌ ์†Œ๋“์„ ๋ณด์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ฑํ–ฅ ์ ์ˆ˜ ๋งค์นญ(PSM)์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ „์ฒด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์„ ์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ ๋นˆ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งค์นญํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์ค‘ 13.7%์—์„œ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์ค‘ 1.5%์—์„œ ๋น„๋งŒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ์˜ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋†’์€ ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋น„๋งŒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ์œ ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚ฎ์•˜๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งค์นญํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์ค‘ 10.7%์—์„œ, ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„ ์ค‘ 5.8%์—์„œ ๋น„๋งŒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ ์€ ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ๋น„๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค(p=0.007). ์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜(p=0.358), ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™ ์ •๋„์™€ ์™ธ์‹ ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ(p<0.05), ์„œ์šธ๊ณผ ๊ด‘์—ญ์‹œ์— ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๋†’์•˜๊ณ , ์™ธ์‹ ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ๊ทธ ์™ธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋†’์•˜๋‹ค. ์š”์•ฝ ๋ฐ ๊ฒฐ๋ก  ์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ ๋นˆ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ ์€ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ๋น„๋งŒ์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹ ์ฒด ํ™œ๋™ ์ •๋„์™€ ์™ธ์‹ ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.๊ตญ๋ฌธ ์ดˆ๋ก 3 1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 7 2. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• 9 2.1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ 9 2.2. ๋น„๋งŒ์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ค€ 9 2.3. ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ 10 2.4. ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ถ„์„ 11 3. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 12 3.1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ 12 3.2. ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์š”์ธ๋ณ„ ์„ฑํ–ฅ ์ ์ˆ˜ ๋งค์นญ 14 3.3. ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์š”์ธ์ด ๋น„๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ 23 4. ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 25 ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋ฌธํ—Œ 29 Abstract 32์„
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