Research and Design of Hand-made Dolls Product Promotion in Digital Media Age

手作玩偶作为一种手工创意产品，凭借其本身具有的独特性、情感性等特点，越来越受消费者青睐，有着广泛的受众和巨大的市场前景。传统的手作玩偶产品推广多局限于店面平面海报的宣传推广以及杂志宣传推广，由于传播受众群体覆盖面狭窄、产品与消费者之间没有交互性等弊端，这样的产品推广方式已远远不能满足消费者及生产商的需求了。数字媒体技术的迅猛发展除了将数字产品的开发研究推上了一个更大更高的平台，也为非数字产品的推广带来了全新的方式，如何将手作玩偶产品运用数字媒体技术中的逐幁摆拍、网络动画等手段进行推广是一项相对较为新颖的研究。 本文以某手作玩偶品牌的产品推广为例，研究基于数字媒体技术的手作玩偶产品推广方式及展...Hand-made dolls as a creative handcraft product, by virtue of its inherent uniqueness and affectivity, become increasingly favored by consumers. Thus it will have a wide range of audience and boundless market prospects. The traditional hand-made dolls product promotion was restricted to such print media as posters and magazines. Due to drawbacks like narrow audience coverage and lack of interactio...学位：工程硕士院系专业：软件学院_工程硕士(软件工程)学号：X201023036

Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

质子交换膜燃料电池作为重要的电化学能源转换装置,在提高能量转换效率、减少环境污染等方面具有诱人的前景.然而,阴极氧还原过电位较大、活性较低、稳定性差,且铂基催化剂昂贵,使该燃料电池难以商业化.纳米结构电催化剂的发展有望解决此难题.对纳米合金电催化剂其组分和结构的设计是开发高活性、高稳定性和低成本的燃料电池电催化剂的重要因素.本文综述了近期由分子设计和热化学控制处理法制备的三元纳米合金电催化剂对燃料电池氧还原反应催化性能的最新进展.该方法可控制纳米合金的尺寸、组成以及二元和三元纳米催化剂的合金化程度.以高活性的三元纳米合金催化剂PTnICO/C为例,综述了在设计燃料电池电催化剂时结构和组成的纳米级调优的重要性.PTnICO/C电催化剂的质量比活性远高于其二元合金催化剂和PT/C商业电催化剂.三元电催化剂的催化活性可通过控制其组成来调节.本文还讨论了三元纳米合金催化剂的结构及其协同效应对增强其电催化性能的影响.Proton exchange membrane fuel cell represents an important electrochemical energy conversion device with many attractive features in terms of efficiency of energy conversion and minimization of environmental pollution.However,the large overpotential for oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode and the low activity,poor durability and high cost of platinum-based catalysts in the fuel cells constitute a focal point of major barriers to the commercialization of fuel cells.The development of nanostructured catalysts shows promises to addresses some of the challenging problems.The ability to engineer the composition and nanostructure of nanoalloy catalysts is important for developing active,robust and low-cost catalysts for fuel cell applications.This article highlights some of the recent insights into the catalytic properties of ternary nanoalloy catalysts prepared by molecularly-engineered synthesis and thermochemically-controlled processing,focusing on oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells.This approach has demonstrated the abilities to control size,composition,and nanoscale alloying of binary and ternary nanoalloys.A highly-active ternary nanoalloy catalyst consisting of platinum,nickel and cobalt that is supported on carbon(PtNiCo/C) will be discussed as an example,highlighting the importance of nanoscale tuning of structures and composition for the design of fuel cell catalysts.The mass activity of selected PtNiCo/C catalysts has been shown much higher electrocatalytic activity than those observed for their binary counterparts and commercial Pt/C catalysts.Selected examples will also be shown that the catalytic activity can be tuned by the ternary composition.The structural and synergistic properties of the ternary nanoalloy catalysts for the enhancement of the electrocatalytic activity will also be discussed.supportedbyNationalScienceFoundation(CBET-0709113andCHE-0848701);DepartmentofEnergy;Honda;andUTCPowe

Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

质子交换膜燃料电池作为重要的电化学能源转换装置，在提高能量转换效率、减少环境污染等方面具有诱人的前景.然而，阴极氧还原过电位较大、活性较低、稳定性差，且铂基催化剂昂贵，使该燃料电池难以商业化.纳米结构电催化剂的发展有望解决此难题。对纳米合金电催化剂其组分和结构的设计是开发高活性、高稳定性和低成本的燃料电池电催化剂的重要因素.本文综述了近期由分子设计和热化学控制处理法制备的三元纳米合金电催化剂对燃料电池氧还原反应催化性能的最新进展.该方法可控制纳米合金的尺寸、组成以及二元和三元纳米催化剂的合金化程度.以高活性的三元纳米合金催化剂PtNiCo/C为例，综述了在设计燃料电池电催化剂时结构和组成的纳米级调优的重要性.PtNiCo/C电催化剂的质量比活性远高于其二元合金催化剂和Pt/C商业电催化剂.三元电催化剂的催化活性可通过控制其组成来调节.文章还讨论了三元纳米合金催化剂的结构及其协同效应对增强其电催化性能的影响.Proton exchange membrane fuel cell represents an important electrochemical energy conversion device with many attractive features in terms of efficiency of energy conversion and minimization of environmental pollution. However, the large overpotential for oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode and the low activity, poor durability and high cost of platinum-based catalysts in the fuel cells constitute a focal point of major barriers to the commercialization of fuel cells. The development of nanostructured catalysts shows promises to addresses some of the challenging problems. The ability to engineer the composition and nanostructure of nanoalloy catalysts is important for developing active, robust and low-cost catalysts for fuel cell applications. This article highlights some of the recent insights into the catalytic properties of ternary nanoalloy catalysts prepared by molecularly-engineered synthesis and thermochemically-controlled processing, focusing on oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells. This approach has demonstrated the abilities to control size, composition, and nanoscale alloying of binary and ternary nanoalloys. A highly-active ternary nanoalloy catalyst consisting of platinum, nickel and cobalt that is supported on carbon (PtNiCo/C) will be discussed as an example, highlighting the importance of nanoscale tuning of structures and composition for the design of fuel cell catalysts. The mass activity of selected PtNiCo/C catalysts has been shown much higher electrocatalytic activity than those observed for their binary counterparts and commercial Pt/C catalysts. Selected examples will also be shown that the catalytic activity can be tuned by the ternary composition. The structural and synergistic properties of the ternary nanoalloy catalysts for the enhancement of the electrocatalytic activity will also be discussed.The research work was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) and Department of Energy (DOE).The research work was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) and Department of Energy (DOE).作者联系地址：1. 纽约州立大学宾汉姆顿分校化学系，美国 纽约13902；2. 厦门大学化学化工学院， 福建 厦门361005Author's Address: 1. Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York 13902, USA 2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China通讯作者E-mail：[email protected]

Effects of Mineral Nutrition on Some Bio-physiology Indexes of Narcissus tazetta var. Chinenese

应用矿质营养液对水仙促成栽培,定期取样测定水仙叶片生理生化指标。结果表明,矿质营养能极显著提高水仙抽葶期、开花期中净光合速率和光合/呼吸比值,提高水仙叶片可溶性蛋白质和叶绿素含量,极显著降低凋谢期水仙叶片SOD、POD、CAT活性,降低产生速率和MDA含量,从而有效防止膜脂过氧化作用,延缓叶片衰老。Cultured Narcissus tazetta var. Chinenese in the solution added with mineral element, it was found that mineral nutrition could significantly improve the net photosynthetic rate and the ratio of photosynthesis to respiration, increase the content of soluble protein and chlorophyll in leaves in the stage of sprout and flowering period, as well as reduce the activities of SOD, POD and CAT, the production rate of and MDA content of leaves in the stage of wilting. Mineral nutrition could effective prevent the over-oxidazition of membrane and the senescence of leaves

Changes of photosynthetic efficiency and chloroplast ultrastructure of narcissus leaf blades in different development stages

试验测定了水仙抽莘、开花、凋花、花后4个时期叶片光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶绿素和蛋白质含量等,并观察了叶片叶绿体超微结构的变化。结果表明,随水仙的生长发育,其叶片含水量、气孔导度明显降低,净光合速率、暗呼吸速率及光合／呼吸比值迅速下降,蒸腾速率和水分利用率也随之降低,叶绿素含量显著上升,叶绿素a/(?)b比值缓慢降低,可溶性蛋白质含量也呈下降趋势。电镜观察显示叶片叶绿体超微结构在抽莘期基粒、基质片层结构发达而清晰,开花期则膨胀松散,凋花期表现萎缩,而在花后生长期片层结构解体。At four development stages of narcissus,i. e. narcissus-bolting stage,flowering stage,blossom fall stage and post floral stage,some physiological and biochemical characteristics of leaf blades,such as photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, contents of chlorophyll and protein were measured and the change course of the chloroplast ultrastructure was observed. With the development of narcissus, the water content and stomata conductance decrease significantly, the net photosynthetic rate,the respiratory rate and the ratio of photosynthetic rate to respiratory rate also decrease obviously, whereas the content of chlorophyll rises obviously, the value of chlorophyll a/b reduces tardily and the content of soluble protein presents a decreased tendency. Furthermore,the electron microscope observation shows that the ultrastructures of chloroplast grana and grana lamella are developed and clear at bolting stage,inflated and loose at flowering stage,withered at blossom fall stage and disaggregated at post floral stage.福建省科技项目(99-Z-105)资

Ｅｆｆｅｃｔ ｏｆ Ｃｕｌｔｉｖａｔｅｄ Ｓｗｉｔｃｈｇｒａｓｓ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ Ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｏｆ Ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ Ｗｅｅｄ

以陕西定边县引种的8个柳枝稷(Panicum virgatum L.)品种(Blackwell,Cave-in-Rock,Dakota,Forest-berg,Illinois USA,Nebraska 28,Pathfinder和Sunburst)及行间杂草作为研究对象,通过计算柳枝稷对杂草的抑制率(RI),分析其生长指标与杂草生长指标的相关关系,判定不同柳枝稷品种在不同生育期对杂草生长的抑制效应,为其引种及田间杂草管理提供依据。结果表明:在生长初期(6月30日),Illinois USA杂草抑制率仅为3.4%,Cave-in-Rock和Forestberg对杂草生长抑制率分别为86.0%和74.9%;经过2次人工除草后(8月30日),Cave-in-Rock和Forestberg的杂草抑制率分别为85.7%和95.7%;生长后期(10月13日),仅Cave-in-Rock对杂草生长有88.5%的抑制率。回归分析显示,生长中后期(8月30日),柳枝稷地上部及根系生物量显著影响对杂草的抑制率(R2=0.31,0.54;P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析发现,Cave-in-R... 更多Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｅｉｇｈｔ　ｓｗｉｔｃｈｇｒａｓｓ（Ｐａｎｉｃｕｍ　ｖｉｒｇａｔｕｍ Ｌ．）ｖａｒｉｅｔｉｅｓ（Ｂｌａｃｋｗｅｌｌ，Ｃａｖｅ－ｉｎ－Ｒｏｃｋ，Ｄａｋｏｔａ，Ｆｏｒｅｓｔｂｅｒｇ，Ｉｌｌｉｎｏｉｓ　ＵＳＡ，Ｎｅｂｒａｓｋａ　２８，Ｐａｔｈｆｉｎｄｅｒ　ａｎｄ　Ｓｕｎｂｕｒｓｔ）ａｎｄ　ｔｈｅｉｒ　ａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ　ｗｅｅｄｓ　ｗｅｒｅ　ｔｅｓｔｅｄ　ｉｎ　ｔｈｉｓｓｔｕｄｙ．Ｔｈｅ　ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｉｏｎ　ｒａｔｅ（ＩＲ）ａｎｄ　ｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎ　ｗｅｒｅ　ａｎａｌｙｚｅｄ　ｔｏ　ｉｄｅｎｔｉｆｙ　ｔｈｅ　ｅｆｆｅｃｔｓ　ｏｆ　ｓｗｉｔｃｈｇｒａｓｓ　ｏｎ　ｔｈｅａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄ　ｗｅｅｄ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ．Ｒｅｓｕｌｔｓ　ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｅｄ　ｔｈａｔ　ｍｏｓｔ　ｔｅｓｔｅｄ　ｓｗｉｔｃｈｇｒａｓｓ　ｖａｒｉｅｔｉｅｓ　ｃｏｕｌｄ　ｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓ　ｗｅｅｄｇｒｏｗｔｈ　ａｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｅａｒｌｉｅｒ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ　ｓｅａｓｏｎ．Ｉｌｌｉｎｏｉｓ　ＵＳＡ　ｗａｓ　ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙ　ｌｏｗｅｒ　ＩＲ （３．４％）．Ｃａｖｅ－ｉｎ－Ｒｏｃｋ　ａｎｄ　Ｆｏｒｅｓｔｂｅｒｇ　ｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓｅｄ　ｗｅｅｄ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ　ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ　ａｓ　ＩＲ　ｗｅｒｅ　８６．０％ ａｎｄ　７４．９％，ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ．Ａｆｔｅｒ　ｔｗｉｃｅｈａｎｄ　ｈｏｅｉｎｇ，Ｃａｖｅ－ｉｎ－Ｒｏｃｋ　ａｎｄ　Ｆｏｒｅｓｔｂｅｒｇ　ｓｔｉｌｌ　ｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓｅｄ　ｔｈｅ　ｗｅｅｄ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ　ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ（３０ｔｈ　Ａｕｇｕｓｔ），ａｓＩＲ ｗｅｒｅ　８５．７％ａｎｄ　９５．７％，ｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｌｙ．Ａｔ　ｔｈｅ　ｅｎｄ　ｏｆ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ　ｓｅａｓｏｎ（１３ｔｈ　Ｏｃｔｏｂｅｒ），ｏｎｌｙ　Ｃａｖｅ－ｉｎ－Ｒｏｃｋｃｏｕｌｄ　ｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓ　ｗｅｅｄ　ｇｒｏｗｔｈ，ｔｈｅ　ＩＲ ｗａｓ　８８．５％．Ｉｎ　ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎ，ｔｈｅｒｅ　ｗａｓ　ａ　ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔ　ｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅ　ｃｏｒｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｂｅｔｗｅｅｎ　ｓｗｉｔｃｈｇｒａｓｓ　ａｂｏｖｅｇｒｏｕｎｄ　ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ　ｏｒ　ｒｏｏｔ　ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ　ａｎｄ　ＩＲａｔ　３０ｔｈ　Ａｕｇｕｓｔ（Ｒ２＝０．３１，０．５４；Ｐ＜０．０５）．Ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｔｈｅ　ｈｅｉｇｈｔ，ａｂｏｖｅｇｒｏｕｎｄ　ａｎｄ　ｒｏｏｔ　ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ　ｏｆ　Ｃａｖｅ－ｉｎ－Ｒｏｃｋ　ｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｌｙ　ｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓｅｄ　ｔｈｅｉｎｄｉｖｉｄｕａｌ　ｗｅｅｄ　ｂｉｏｍａｓｓ（ｒ＝－０．９７，－０．９９，－０．９９，Ｐ＜０．０５），ａｎｄ　ｔｈｅ　Ｆｏｒｅｓｔｂｅｒｇ　ｍａｉｎｌｙ　ｓｕｐｐｒｅｓｓｅｄｔｈｅ　ｗｅｅｄ　ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ（ｒ＝－０．９７，Ｐ＜０．０５）

The Influence of Multi-effect Triazole on Growth and Photosynthesis Characteristic of the Narcissus

用0.01 mg/L、0.05 mg/L和0.10 mg/L多效唑处理水仙,观察多效唑对水仙生长和光合特性的影响.结果表明:0.05 mg/L多效唑可使开花期水仙植株的根、叶生长较对照组降低62.8%和33.8%,叶绿素含量增加23.0%,光合速率、光合/呼吸比率提高216.8%和234.7%,比叶鲜质量降低18.7%,显著抑制植株的徒长.此外,电镜观察结果表明,在开花期和凋花期适宜浓度的多效唑使叶片叶绿体结构更为完整清晰,提高其稳定性,可能与光合效率提高有关.Chinese narcissus(Narcissus chinensis var.chinensis Roem.) is a kind of popular seasonal ornamental flowers grown in China.Narcissus leaf easily lodges under the indoor cultivation.To solve this problem,we treated narcissus bulbs with different concentration of 0.01 mg/L,0.05 mg/L and 0.10 mg/L multi-effect triazole,the changes of growth and photosynthesis characteristic of narcissus were studied.Compared with the contrast,0.05 mg/L multi-effect triazole reduced the growth of roots and leaves of narcissus plant by 62.8% and 33.8% respectively in flowering period,increased the chlorophyll content by 23.0%,raised photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic rate/respiratory rate by 216.8% and by 234.7% respectively,and reduced specific leaf fresh weight by(18.7)%.All these results suggested that multi-effect triazole significantly inhibited narcissus plant growth and avoided the early occurrence of narcissus leaf lodge.In addition,electron microscope observation showed that the layer structures of chloroplast were more complete and clearer in florescence and blossom fall stage when the plants were treated by optimal concentration of multi-effect triazole.The stability of layer structures of chloroplast was supposed to promote the leaf photosynthetic efficiency.福建省科技项目(99-Z-105)资

Study on the Caloric Value of Organs at the Different Development Stages of Moringa sp.

对厦门40年生辣木植物各器官发育过程中的热值和灰分质量分数变化进行研究,结果表明:1)辣木各器官的灰分质量分数在3.50%~17.52%之间,干重热值在15.00~26.32 kJ/g之间,去灰分热值在17.65~27.28 kJ/g之间.各器官平均灰分质量分数的高低顺序是叶>根>果>枝>花>种子,平均干重热值是种子>花>叶>果>枝>根,平均去灰分热值是种子>叶>花>果>枝>根;2)随着器官发育,灰分质量分数下降,但叶片例外,老叶为最高.干重热值是粗根>细根,幼枝>多年生枝>二年生枝,幼叶>成熟叶>老叶,花蕾>花朵,果实则随其发育而增加.去灰分热值变化有所不同,随叶片发育而升高,两种热值都是细根最低,种子最高;3)果实发育中的干重热值与灰分质量分数具有极显著的负相关(P0.05).Caloric values and ash contents of various organs at the different growth stages of Moringa sp.were studied.The results showed as follows:1)Ash contents of Moringa sp.various organs were 3.50 %~17.52 %,gross caloric values were 15.00 kJ/g~26.32 kJ/g,and ash free caloric values were 17.65 kJ/g~27.28 kJ/g.The average ash contents of various organs follows in the order: leaf>root>fruit>branch>flower>seed;the average gross caloric values of various organs followed in the order:seed>flower>leaf>fruit>branch>root;the average ash free caloric values of various organs followed in the order:seed>leaf>flower>fruit>branch>root;2)The ash content decreased with the development of various organ,but the ash content of old leaf was the highest.Gross caloric value follows in the order: large root>fine root,twigs>perennial branch>2-year-old branch,young leaf>mature leaf>old leaf,flower bud>flower,the gross caloric values of fruit increased with the development of fruit.The changes in ash free caloric values of leaves were different from those in gross caloric values,and ash free caloric value increased with the growth of leaves.Both caloric values of fine root were the lowest and seed the highest;3)Gross caloric value was negative correlated remarkably with ash content(P0.05)for the branch and the flower.福建省自然科学基金资助项目(Z0516085

Preparation of Pt Hollow Nanoparticles Using Ag as the Template and Electrocatalytic Performance for Methanol Oxidation

以硝酸银为前驱体,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为表面活性剂,抗坏血酸(AA)为还原剂,在18℃下通过调节氢氧化钠的加入量合成了2种不同粒径的银溶胶;以银溶胶为模板,在室温下合成了不同粒径的铂包银(Ag@PT)实心纳米粒子;用浓氨水除去Ag核得到球壳上含残留银的铂纳米空球[(PT-Ag)HOllOW]及其修饰玻碳(gC)电极[(PT-Ag)HOllOW/gC];再用电化学法除去(PT-Ag)HOllOW/gC电极上的残留银后,制得铂纳米空球(PTHOllOW)修饰的gC电极(PTHOllOW/gC).采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HrTEM)、能量色散谱仪(EdS)和X射线衍射仪(Xrd)等表征了PTHOllOW的形貌、组成和结构;以甲醇为探针分子,研究比较了PTHOllOW/gC和实心铂纳米粒子(PTnAnO)修饰gC电极(PTnAnO/gC)对甲醇氧化的电催化活性.结果表明,PTHOllOW分散性好,粒径比较均匀;球壳多孔,具有粗糙的内外表面,比表面积大,是由铂原子和多维多级的铂原子团簇构建的结晶度不高的多晶铂;PTHOllOW/gC对甲醇的电催化氧化活性明显优于PTnAnO/gC电极,且大大降低了贵金属PT的用量.Ag nanoparticles with two different particle sizes and uniform size-distribution were prepared at18 ℃ by adjusting the adding amount of the NaOH solution,using silver nitrate as the precursor,polyvinylpyrrolidone( PVP) as the surfactant,ascorbic acid( AA) as the reductant.Pt hollow( Pthollow) nanospheres with different shell thicknesses and modified glassy carbon( GC) electrode( Pthollow/GC) were synthesized by adjusting the amount of precursor H2PtCl6·6H2O at room temperature,using Ag colloids as the template.The morphology,composition and structure of Pthollowwere characterized by scanning electron microscopy( SEM),high resolution transmission electron microscopy( HRTEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy( EDS),X-ray diffraction( XRD) and other detection techniques; the electrocatalytic oxidation activity of Pthollow/GC,Pt solid nanoparticle modified GC( Ptnano/GC) electrode were studied and compared using methanol as a probe molecule.The results show that the Pthollownanospheres have a uniform particle size and good dispersity,and the electrocatalytic oxidation activity of Pthollow/GC for methanol is significantly higher than that of Ptnano/GC electrode.国家自然科学基金(批准号:20663002); 厦门大学固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室基金(批准号:200511); 江西省自然科学基金(批准号:0620025)资助~