从密斯到巴埃萨——探究极少主义理念的复杂性与多样性

20世纪初的极少主义思潮出现后,建筑的本质呈现与简洁明晰的空间体验成为众多建筑师所追寻的理想。代表人物密斯·凡·德·罗和继承其风格的坎波·巴埃萨,在极少主义思想的架构与表达上既一脉相承,又各有千秋。文章对两者空间生成中的共性与差异进行了总结归纳,并剖析了极少主义建筑理念的复杂性与多样性

Efficacy and safety of raltegravir-based therapy in antiretroviral-naive patients with HIV-1 infection: A Meta-analysis

目的评价联合雷特格韦治疗方案用于人类免疫缺陷病毒-1 human immunodeficiency virus; 1,HIV-1)初次抗病毒治疗的安全性和有效性。方法检索联合雷特格韦用于HIV-1感染者初次抗病毒治疗的临床随机对照试验(randomized; controlled trial,RCT),采用Rev Man 5.2软件和Stata; 12.0进行Meta分析。结果纳入17个RCT,Meta分析结果:以血浆病毒载量0.05);治疗240周,试验组有效率高于对照组(70.2%和61.5%),合并效应量(RR = 1.15,95% CI: 1.03 ~; 1.28,P = 0.010)。试验组与对照组在腹泻、恶心、头晕、头痛、失眠等常见不良反应差异均无统计学意义(均有P; >0.05);其中96周及144/156周时脂质代谢异常增高合并效应量RR(95%; CI)分别低密度脂蛋白0.16(0.05~0.49)、0.20(0.08~0.48),甘油三酯0.12(0.02~; 0.59)、0.12(0.03~0.59),总胆固醇0.04(0.00~0.40)、0.04(0.00 ~; 0.34)。脂质代谢指标异常增高发生率,试验组均少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均有P 0.05) between the; raltegravir group and control group, proportion of patients with; virological response (plasma viral load 0.05) at weeks 48 and 96, respectively.; At weeks 96,144/156, the mean changes from baseline in LDL-cholesterol; (LDL) 0.16(0.05-0.49), 0.20 (0.08-0.48), triglyceride (TG); 0.12(0.02-0.59), 0.12(0.03-0.59) and total cholesterol (TC),; 0.04(0.00-0.40), 0.04(0.00-0.34) concen-trations, the raltegravir-based; regimens group had a lower incidence rate than the control group (all P; < 0.05). Conclusions Current evidence shows that the raltegravir-based; therapy had long-term and well tolerated antiretroviral activity, which; was non-inferior to current regimens recommended for; antiretroviral-native adults and adolescents with HIV-infection. Due to; limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality; studies would be needed to verify the above conclusion.国家自然科学基金; 福建省科技创新平

Routine quantitative measurements of carbamazepine in the plasma by LC/LC-UV

目的建立基于lC/lC-uV系统的卡马西平血药浓度测定的方法,此方法适于长期的治疗药物浓度监测。方法lC1色谱柱为frO-Xb C18(33 MMx4.6 MM,5μM,uAC),流动相为水-乙腈(60∶40,V/V),流速为1.0 Ml.MIn-1,检测波长为286 nM,温度为45℃;lC2系统中色谱柱为uC-Xb C18(250 MMx4.6 MM,5μM,uAC),流动相为0.3%的醋酸铵(用甲酸调PH到6.50)-乙腈(75∶35,V/V),流速为1.2 Ml.MIn-1,检测波长为286 nM;聚焦溶液为二次蒸馏水,进样聚焦流速为3.5 Ml.MIn-1,目标物从lC1转移到lC2聚焦流速为1.0 Ml.MIn-1,中心切换窗口为1.09--1.60 MIn;定量环为200μl。结果卡马西平在1.10--21.30μg.Ml-1线性关系良好,平均相关系数为0.999 4,最低定量浓度为15.0 ng.Ml-1。日内、日间rSd均<10%(n=6)。结论本方法准确性高、精密度好、操作步骤少、耐受性强且易于实现质量控制,适合于长期的卡马西平常规血药浓度监测。Objective To establish a routine analytical method for the determination of carbamazepine by LC/LC-UV,and for the therapeutic drug monitoring of carbamazepine.Methods LC1 system column was FRO-XB C18(33 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm,UAC),with mobile phase consisting of water-acetonitrile(60∶40,v/v)at the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1.The detection wavelength was 286 nm and column temperature was 45 ℃.LC2 system column was UC-XB C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm,UAC),with mobile phase consisting of 0.3% ammonium acetate(pH 6.50 adjusted by formic acid)-acetonitrile(75∶35,v/v)at the flow rate of 1.2 mL·min-1.The detection wavelength was 286 nm and column temperature was 45 ℃.The focusing solution was redistilled water and flow rate of injection was 3.5 mL·min-1.Flow of transferring was 1.0 mL·min-1,and the windows of "heart cutting" was 1.09--1.60 min.The sample loop volume was 200 μL.Results The linearity range of carbamazepine was 1.10--21.30 μg·mL-1(r=0.999 4).The limit of quantification was 15.0 ng·mL-1.The intra-day and inter-day precision and RSD was <10%(n=6).Conclusion The method is accurate,fast,simple,and easy to establish quality control,the method is the routine blood drug moniter of carbamazepine

GSM系统级仿真的初步架构与思考

文章首先简要介绍系统级仿真平台架构,然后详细讲解了公共信道覆盖仿真模块和业务信道仿真模块,最后对仿真结果进行了分析,结果表明采用蒙特卡罗仿真,对现网的参数优化有一定的指导作用