不同攻角下超声速降落伞伞绳的影响研究

文章基于一种简易＂浸入边界技术＂与流固耦合方法对超声速来流条件下的三维降落伞系统进行了数值模拟。研究中,降落伞系统包括前体和伞体,两者通过伞绳连接。文章的研究目的是分析不同攻角下降落伞伞绳对于降落伞系统周围复杂非定常流场的影响,以及对降落伞性能表现的影响。结果表明：在较小的前体和伞体距离下,由于攻角的影响,非定常流场结构呈现上下不对称,并且上下伞绳激波形成时间不同步。随着攻角的增加,上下面的伞绳激波形成时间出现推迟,并且有变弱的趋势。另外,由于攻角与伞绳的综合影响,伞内表面的时间平均压力分布在5o攻角时最小,而在10o攻角时最大,阻力系数却随着攻角的增加而增加

体外培养大鼠耻骨联合软骨细胞的生物学特性

[目的]通过对大鼠耻骨联合软骨细胞的分离及体外培养,观察其生长、表型等一般生物学特点.[方法]采用胰蛋白酶、Ⅱ型胶原酶序贯消化法,从SD大鼠耻骨联合软骨组织中分离出软骨细胞,用含150mL/L胎牛血清的DMEM/F-12培养液原代和传代培养.分别以2g/L胶原酶消化2、6、12 h,分析不同消化时间获取的细胞数量及生长情况.对6 h消化组细胞进行Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色,并观察第1、4、7代的生长曲线.[结果]经胶原酶消化2、6、12 h后,平均每100mg耻骨联合软骨获取的原代细胞数之间有统计学显著差异（P＜0.01）.消化6 h组可以获取数量丰富的原代细胞,生长状态好.大鼠耻骨联合细胞原代呈短梭形、三角形或多角形,有短细胞突起.Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化染色在第1、4代培养细胞均呈阳性,第7代培养细胞呈阴性.第7代细胞生长增殖比第1、4代慢.[结论]耻骨联合软骨细胞体外培养时属于有限细胞系.培养初期（第4代之前,含第4代）的细胞较好地保持了软骨细胞的表型,且增殖能力强,有可能作为软骨组织工程的种子细胞

职业生涯规划教育提高学生学习素质的理念与途径

随着高等教育规模扩大,毕业生就业竞争日益激烈,大学生职业生涯规划教育越来越受到广大教育者和学生的关注。但是如何完善职业生涯规划教育,满足大学生和社会需求是一个严峻的课题,该文就职业生涯规划教育提高学生学习素质的理念和途径进行了初步探讨。福建省教育厅B类社会科学研究项目(JBS09102

Microbial processes and mechanisms in carbon sequestration in the ocean

在全球气候环境演变的背景下,认识海洋微型生物对碳循环的贡献,需要了解其过程和机制。最近提出的“微型生物碳泵“理论阐释了海洋储碳的一个新机制:微型生物活动把溶解有机碳从活性向惰性转化,从而构成了海洋储碳。这个过程当中,自养与异养细菌、病毒、原生动物等具有不同生理特性微型生物类群扮演着不同的生态角色,本文将围绕微型生物碳泵主线分别论述之。The oceans are full of microorganisms,which play a significant role in global carbon cycle.Microbial carbon sequestration in the ocean,as a cutting-edge scientific issue,receives a great deal attention in the context of global climate change.Based on the microbial carbon pump conceptual framework,microbes are major producers of recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon(RDOC) that can stay in ocean water column for long time storage.Different microbial groups contribute to RDOC carbon pool in different ways.This paper addresses groups such as autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms,viruses and protozoa with respect to their various ecological characteristics and specific roles in RDOC formation.国家重大科学研究计划项目(No.2013CB955700); 国家自然科学基金项目(No.91028001;41276131;41176095;40906059); 国家海洋局公益性项目(No.201105021

Preliminary studies on the scale insect pest of Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli in mangrove

首次发现陆生考氏白盾蚧严重为害潮间带红树植物秋茄。通过野外定位调查和室内饲养观察,研究其危害特征、种群分布、生殖力和自然死亡率。结果表明,考氏白盾蚧主要分布在秋茄叶片主脉两侧,叶背虫口数显著多于叶面(P<0.01),单叶虫口数多为1-50头,平均25.65头,最高418头;秋茄植株不同垂直空间层次的虫口密度无显著差异,但聚集度随垂直空间下降而增大;种群平均产卵量每雌52.22粒,自然死亡率69.35%,寄生蜂寄生是最主要的死亡因子,寄生率达34.23%;与几种陆生寄主植物相比,红树林考氏白盾蚧的种群密度、生殖力、叶最高虫口数均较高,该虫对潮间带生境及寄主秋茄具有适应性。The scale insect,Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli is an important pest for many kinds of plants for a long time in the land.In 2006,it was found firstly attacking the mangrove plant of Kandelia obovata in the tideland in Xiamen City,and had led to badly damages.Based on the field surveys and lab feeding,this paper dealed with its damage characteristic,population distribution,fecundity and natural mortality etc.The results showed that the scale insect mainly distributed on both sides of the midvien of K.obovata leaves,but the individual on the abaxial surface was significantly more than those on the adaxial surface(P<0.01).The individual number of one leaf mostly fluctuated from 1 to 50,and the average and tiptop numbers were 25.65 and 418,respectively.The pest population density had no remarkable discrepancies among different vertical spatial layer of K.obovata,however,its aggregating degree increased with falling of the layer.The population had an avarage fecundity of 52.22 each female and a high natural mortality of 69.53%.The main natural death factor were two species of parasites(Hymenoptera: Chalcididae),and their total parasitical ratio reached 34.23%.In the mass,the pest population density,fecundity and tiptop individual number of a leaf in the mongrove were all more than those in serval other host plants on land,which implied that this scale insect had a high adaptability to the habitat of tideland and the plant of K.obovata

Study on the characteristics of Syzygium cumini L. pigment

以海南蒲桃成熟果实为原料提取天然色素,并对其理化性质进行了分析研究。同时比较了D-072、D-401、D-301-G、D-101、D-110、DF01六种树脂对该色素的静态吸附情况及不同极性解吸剂对吸附色素的树脂洗脱的效果,从中选择吸附和解吸附效果最好的树脂以及适合的解吸剂。研究表明:该色素在酸性条件下对热、金属离子和常用食品添加剂均具有较好的稳定性,对光稳定性稍差;D-072大孔吸附树脂对海南蒲桃色素吸附效果最好,色素吸附率达90.7%;解吸剂用含0.2%三氟乙酸的50%酸化乙醇,色素可被充分洗脱下来。此研究结果为以海南蒲桃成熟果实为原料来生产食用色素提供了理论依据。The stability of pigment which was extracted from the fruit of Syzygium cumini was studied. In addition, absorbing and separating Syzygium cumini pingment with macroreticular resin was also studied. Static absorption capacity of six resins(D-072, D-401, D-301-G, D-101, D-110, DF01) for the pigment was compared. From these resins, the one with the best absorpting and desorpting effect was elected. The results showed that this kind of pigment has a better stability toward heat, metal ion and common food additives under acidic condition, and it is more tolerable of heat than light. The adsorption ability of D-072 resin was the best and the adsorptive rate of pigment reached 90.7%. When 50% ethanol contained 0.2% TFA was used as desorptive solvent, the pigment could be sufficiently desorpted and the effect of desorption would be better. It has a great prospect in the exploration and application in food industry to produce the food pigment from the fruit of Syzygium cumini.国家自然科学基金项目(30671646

Microbial Study of Mangrove Soil at Dongzhai Harbor in Hainan.

Three groups of microbial amount of mangrove soil at Dongzhai harbor in Hainan were studied.The results show as follows:①Mean amount of soil bacteria in Kandelia candel forest and Bruguiera sexangula forest is 4 87×10 7 and 7 55×10 7〔ind·(g.dry soil) -1 〕 respectively,which is higher than that of controlled mudflat without mangrove forest〔1 22×10 7ind·(g.dry soil) -1 〕;②The amount of bacteria at layer of 10-20cm is the most in three layers of 0-10、10-20 and 20-30cm;③Mean amount of soil bacteria in Bruguiera sexangula forest is higher than that in Kandelia candel forest;④The amount of bacteria is related to the amount and distribution of plant residue and litter;⑤Filamentous fungi and actinomyces are not found out by normal isolation methods,which is perhaps related to least amount and special habitat of local mangrove soil.国家教委高校湿地研究中心专项经费资助项

Effects of the Xitongxiao prescription on apoptosis and proliferation of chondrocytes in knee

目的：探讨膝痛消方对促进软骨细胞增殖和抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞凋亡的作用。方法：体外培养膝关节软骨细胞，用阿利新蓝染色方法检测软骨细胞蛋白多糖，用Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色检测软骨细胞Ⅱ型胶原的表达，以鉴定软骨细胞；用MTS检测软骨细胞的增殖；用IL-1β诱导软骨细胞凋亡，AnnexinV/PI双染检测细胞凋亡。结果：膝关节剥离得到的细胞形态为多角形或梭形，阿利新蓝与Ⅱ型胶原免疫荧光染色均呈阳性，证明分离培养的细胞为软骨细胞。MTS实验结果发现膝痛消方提取物处理软骨细胞后检测到的OD值随浓度增加而增加且显著高于对照组。此外，IL-1β处理诱导软骨细胞凋亡，而膝痛消方提取物能够有效地抑制IL-1β引起的细胞凋亡。结论：膝痛消方能促进软骨细胞的增殖，抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞的凋亡。以上发现为膝痛消方临床上治疗膝关节骨性关节炎提供药理作用依据。Objective:To investigate the effects of the Xitongxiao prescription on the cell proliferation and the inhibition of IL-1β-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes.Methods:To identify chondrocytes,the articular chondrocytes were cultured in vitro;staining with alcian blue was used to detect the protein polysaccharide,and staining with collagen immunofluorescence was used to examine the expression of type II collagen in chondrocytes.The proliferation of chondrocytes was determined by MTS.Apoptosis of chondrocytes was induced by IL-1β,and the effect of apoptosis was tested by Annexin V/PI double staining.Results:The morphology of the cells obtained from the knee joint was polygonal or fusiform.The tested results of Alcian blue and collagen immunofluorescence staining were positive.These together certified that the isolated cells were knee chondrocytes.MTS assay results showed that the detected OD values were dosedependently increased and they were significantly higher than those of the control group.In addition,the apoptosis of chondrocytes was induced by IL-1βtreatment.While the extract of the Xitongxiao prescription could effectively inhibit the IL-1β-induced apoptosis of chondrocytes.Conclusion:The Xitongxiao prescription could promote the proliferation of chondrocytes and inhibit the apoptosis of chondrocytes induced by IL-1β.The above findings may provide one of pharmacological mechanisms of the Xitongxiao for clinical treatment of knee osteoarthritis.厦门市科技计划项目(3502z20144031);福建省自然科学基金计划资助项目(2015J01065)

自然保护区群网生态建设的几点思考

论述了自然保护区在生态建设中的作用、我国国家级自然保护区的分布、福建国家级自然保护区的类型及其分布,提出了自然保护区群网建设的必要性.针对保护区建设的现状,提出了现阶段的工作重点:⑴建立自然保护区之间的群网关系;⑵开展自然保护区群网建设与研究工作;⑶保护区群网建设与森林涵养水源的重大意义和保护区域水的生态安全和生态效益;⑷保护区群网建设与发展循环经济;⑸主导资源保护与合理利用;⑹统一落实经费筹措;⑺加强部门、人员协调;⑻配合生态省建设工作·从而促进自然保护区的生态保护、生态修复和生态工程的协调发展

Simultaneous Detection of FLT3-ITD and NPM1Gene Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Double PCR

本研究旨在建立一种同时筛查flT3-ITd突变和nPM1突变的检测方法。设计2对引物,分别扩增nPM1基因的外显子12和flT3基因的外显子14、内含子14、外显子15,以覆盖几乎所有已知突变位点。对双重PCr体系的反应程序和引物浓度比例进行优化,将双重PCr产物通过毛细管电泳分离,根据野生型产物和突变型产物的大小差异来判断突变存在与否并利用产物的峰面积对突变比例进行定量,并对突变阳性标本进行测序验证。结果表明,在93例标本中nPM1突变者17例(18.5%),flT3-ITd突变者15例(16.3%),nPM1突变和flT3-ITd突变双阳性6例。17例nPM1突变中7例M2、4例M4、5例M5、1例M6,其中10例男性、7例女性;有15例为A型,1例为b型,1例为nM型;有1例CMl急变为AMl的标本中带有nPM1基因A型突变。15例flT3-ITd阳性中1例M1、8例M2、2例M3、1例M4、3例M5,其中5例男性、10例女性。扩增产物测序结果进一步证明了该检测体系的准确性和可靠性。结论 :建立了同时筛查flT3-ITd突变和nPM1突变的检测体系,该体系以基因组dnA为模板,具有方便、快捷、准确、可定量的优点。Objective of this study was to establish a method for simultaneous detection of FLT3/ITD and NPM1 gene mutations in AML.A double PCR was firstly designed and optimized to amplify both exon 12 of NPM1 and exon 14-intron 14-exon 15 of FLT3,with the aim of detecting almost all reported mutations.After optimization,a touchdown PCR was chosen for the multiplex PCR procedure,with the primer concentrations of NPM1 and FLT3-ITD being 200 nmol/L and 152 nmol/L respectively.The PCR amplicons were separated by capillary electrophoresis and the presence of mutants was recognized by the size difference between the mutants and wild-type products.The areas of mutant peak and wild-type peak were used to calculate the mutant/wild-type ratio.All the positive mutated samples were confirmed by sequencing.The results showed that 17 patients with NPM1 mutation,15 patients with FLT3-ITD mutation,6 patients with both NPM1 and FLT3-ITD mutationts were found among 93 patents.7 patients with M2,4 patients with M4,5 patients with M5 and 1 patients with M6 were found out of 17 patients with NPM1 mutation,in which 10 patients were male and 7 patients were female,15 patients were with type A,1 patients was with type B and 1 patients was with type Nm,strinkingly 1 CML patient in blast crisis was found to carry a type A mutation.Among 15 patients with FLT3-ITD mutation 1 patient with M1,8 patients with M2,2 patients with M2,2 patients with M3,1 patient with M4,3 patients with M5 were found,in which 5 patients were male and 10 patients were lemale.Sequencing results further confirmed the accuracy and reliability of this method.It is concluded that a novel method with the ability to detect both FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations has been developed when genomic DNA was templated.This method is fast,easy,accurate and capable to calculate the mutant/wild-type ratio