Discussion on the Participation of Infantile Massage in Community Health Care

小儿推拿具有取穴少、经济安全、操作简单、家长易学等优点,适合在社区中推广。本文就其参与社区卫生服务的方式、内容、优势、问题和解决方法等方面,对实现小儿推拿“家庭化“进行论述,认为小儿推拿参与社区卫生服务最理想的方式是实现其“家庭化“,且“家庭化“的建立将是医疗技术进入社区的重要措施,是家庭卫生服务中最具特色的形式之一。Infantile massage has many advantages,for example,less acupoint selection,economic,safe,simple operation and easy to learn.It's suitable for promoting in the community.From aspects of methods,details,advantages,problems and solutions of infantile massage participating in community health service,the paper discussed infantile massage "family oriented"and thought that achieving its "family oriented"was the best way of infantile massage participating in community health service.The building of its"family oriented"was the key of medical technology entering into the community,and was one of the most unique forms of the family health service

西维因人工抗原的合成新方法

用对硝基苯氯甲酸酯活化萘酚并与6-氨基己酸反应,合成了完全保留氨基甲酸酯结构的半抗原6-(1-萘氧基甲酰胺基)己酸(CNH),并采用活化酯法与载体蛋白共价连接制备了突出西维因结构特征的抗原. 用正交实验选择活化酯法的最佳实验条件,并进一步详细考察了半抗原与载体蛋白结合率随外界条件的改变,从而制得不同结合比的抗原. 用紫外和红外对制得的抗原进行了鉴定

西维因人工抗原的合成新方法

用对硝基苯氯甲酸酯活化萘酚并与6-氨基己酸反应，合成了完全保留氨基甲酸酯结构的半抗原6'-(1-萘氧基甲酰胺基)己酸(CNH)，并采用活化酯法与载体蛋白共价连接制备了突出西维因结构特征的抗原．用正交实验选择活化酯法的最佳实验条件，并进一步详细考察了半抗原与载体蛋白结合率随外界条件的改变，从而制得不同结合比的抗原，用紫外和红外对制得的抗原进行了鉴定

变电站内5G终端通信信道建模与分析

以巡检机器人为代表的终端设备在变电站中应用广泛，第五代移动通信（5G）技术发展迅速，未来5G可移动终端在变电站的应用将会越来越多。通信系统的性能与无线信道息息相关，因此研究变电站中可移动终端的5G通信信道特性至关重要。文章针对变电站三维（3D）散射环境下5G可移动终端的通信信道的特性问题，基于多输入多输出技术，提出采用几何分析法建立3D信道模型，并推导出了信道的时间自相关函数、空间互相关函数。基于5G频段，仿真并分析了无线信道的自相关和互相关特性；研究了不同大小的莱斯因子对无线信道特性的影响。上述仿真结果表明了5G终端在变电站的可用性，拓宽了变电站场景下可移动终端运用5G通信技术的研究

安徽花山尾矿库溃坝污染农田土壤中As、Sb的释放及垂向迁移特征

近年来,极端天气引发的尾矿库泄露和溃坝事故频发,导致周边农田极易遭受高重金属含量的尾矿砂污染.为进一步探讨富含重金属的尾矿砂进入土壤后砷(As) 、锑(Sb)的释放及迁移行为,评估其潜在的污染风险,本研究以安徽省某小型锑金矿区周边农田为例,分析了矿区表层和剖面土壤中砷和锑的含量,并利用污染农田土壤开展了柱淋溶实验.结果表明,研究区污染农田表层土壤中As和Sb的含量分别为(141 ± 11.4) mg·kg~(-1)和(104±5.2) mg·kg~(-1),分别超过中国土壤背景值12倍和85倍,也远高于对照田表层土壤,达到重度污染水平.尽管具有相似的地球化学性质,但As和Sb在土壤垂向迁移方面表现出不同的特性.土壤中的Sb主要分布于表层,其含量随剖面深度增加逐渐降低;而土壤As含量除表层较高外(113 mg·kg~(-1)),在60 cm深度出现一个极大值(114 mg·kg~(-1)).这表明表层污染土壤中的As和Sb会逐渐向下迁移,并且As的迁移能力高于Sb.在不同pH和不同浓度磷溶液淋滤下,As的释放强度均明显大于Sb,不同pH溶液淋滤条件下As的最大释放浓度达到1151 μg·L~(-1),Sb的最大释放浓度只有10 μg·L~(-1).不同浓度磷溶液淋滤条件下As和Sb的最大淋出浓度分别为1277 μg·L~(-1)和170 μg·L~(-1).磷肥的大量施加可以促进尾矿砂污染土壤中As、Sb的释放,增大其潜在生态风险

Study on the release and vertical migration characteristics of As and Sb in farmland soil contaminated by dam break of Huashan tailings pond,Anhui,China

Recent years,tailings pond dam leakage and break accidents arising from extreme weather happened frequently,causing serious pollution to the surrounding farmland by tailings with high content of heavy metals. This study was to investigate the release and transport behavior of arsenic and antimony after the tailings entered the soil,and assess its potential pollution risks furtherly. The contents of arsenic and antimony in the surface and profile soil of a small antimony gold mining area in Anhui province were analyzed. Column leaching experiments were also carried out using the contaminated soil. The farmland soil in the study area was seriously polluted by arsenic and antimony. The contents of arsenic and antimony in the surface soil of the contaminated farmland were (14111.4) mg·kg~(-1) and (1045.2) mg·kg~(-1),respectively,which were 12 and 85 times higher than their background value in Chinese soil,and also significantly higher than the control soil. The soil pollution reached the level of heavy pollution. Despite similar geochemical properties,the vertical migration of As and Sb showed different characteristics. Antimony in soil was mainly distributed in the surface layer,and its content decreased gradually with the increase of depth. In addition to high content in surface layer (113 mg·kg~(-1)),arsenic content showed a maximum value at the depth of 60 cm (114 mg·kg~(-1)). This indicated that arsenic and antimony in surface contaminated soils would gradually migrate downward,and the migration capacity of arsenic was higher than that of antimony. Under leaching conditions of different pH and phosphorus concentrations,the release intensity of arsenic was significantly greater than that of antimony. The maximum release concentrations of arsenic and antimony were 1151 mug·L~(-1) and 10 mug·L~(-1) under different pH conditions. The maximum release concentrations of arsenic and antimony were 1277 mug·L~(-1) and 170 mug·L~(-1),respectively,when leaching with different phosphorus solutions. The application of phosphate fertilizer could promote the release of arsenic and antimony in the soil contaminated by tailings,which increased a potential ecological risk

中国秸杆焚烧及民用燃煤棕色碳排放的初步研究

近年来的研究表明,在BC(黑碳)和OC(有机碳)之间,还存在着一种有弱吸光能力的OC,因大多显棕黄色而被称为BrC (brown carbon,棕色碳). 广泛存在的秸杆焚烧和冬季大量民用燃煤的使用,使国内BrC 排放严重,但鲜见对其排放量的测算. 采用七波段黑碳仪(aethalometer)方法,对夏季小麦秸杆焚烧过程及冬季民用炉燃煤过程产生的烟气进行现场监测,根据BrC 与BC的光谱关联性差别,分化出R_(BrC/BC)(总光学衰减中BrC和BC的相对贡献). 结果表明: 麦秆焚烧和民用燃煤烟气的R_(BrC/BC)分别为1. 754 ± 0. 278和0. 183 ± 0. 142. 借助R_(BrC/BC)值,结合现有的BC 排放清单(2000年),初步推算出中国民用燃煤和秸杆田间焚烧 BrC的排放总量(以BC 当量计,下同)为(270. 6 ± 101. 6)Gg,接近同期BC 排放量的一半; 其中秸杆焚烧的BrC 排放量为(175. 4 ± 27. 8)Gg,约占二者总量的65%; 民用燃煤的BrC 排放量为(95. 2 ± 73. 7)Gg,约占35%. 该研究结果可为更全面的BrC 排放测算奠定基础,并为研究BrC的大气化学及辐射强迫提供依据

A Preliminary Study on Brown Carbon Emissions from Open Agricultural Biomass Burning and Residential Coal Combustion in China

近年来的研究表明,在BC(黑碳)和OC(有机碳)之间,还存在着一种有弱吸光能力的OC,因大多显棕黄色而被称为BrC (brown carbon,棕色碳). 广泛存在的秸杆焚烧和冬季大量民用燃煤的使用,使国内BrC 排放严重,但鲜见对其排放量的测算. 采用七波段黑碳仪(aethalometer)方法,对夏季小麦秸杆焚烧过程及冬季民用炉燃煤过程产生的烟气进行现场监测,根据BrC 与BC的光谱关联性差别,分化出R_(BrC/BC)(总光学衰减中BrC和BC的相对贡献). 结果表明: 麦秆焚烧和民用燃煤烟气的R_(BrC/BC)分别为1. 754 ± 0. 278和0. 183 ± 0. 142. 借助R_(BrC/BC)值,结合现有的BC 排放清单(2000年),初步推算出中国民用燃煤和秸杆田间焚烧 BrC的排放总量(以BC 当量计,下同)为(270. 6 ± 101. 6)Gg,接近同期BC 排放量的一半; 其中秸杆焚烧的BrC 排放量为(175. 4 ± 27. 8)Gg,约占二者总量的65%; 民用燃煤的BrC 排放量为(95. 2 ± 73. 7)Gg,约占35%. 该研究结果可为更全面的BrC 排放测算奠定基础,并为研究BrC的大气化学及辐射强迫提供依据

Spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and risk assessment of heavy metals in a river flowing into the bay in a typical gold mining area

In order to study the pollution characteristics of heavy metals in Jiehe River in a typical gold mining area and propose targeted remediation measures,four sampling surveys were conducted from 2014 to 2016 to analyze the content,occurrence forms and spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of four heavy metals (Zn,As,Cd and Pb) in river water and surface sediments. The pollution levels and ecological risks of the surface sediments were evaluated using the Nemero comprehensive pollution index method and risk assessment coding method. Results showed that the concentrations of Zn,As and Cd of some sampling sites exceeded the national standards of surface water environment quality standard Ⅲ class limits,and Pb concentrations were lower than the limits. Three main pollution sources were identified along the Jiehe river,including the upstream chemical plant,the midstream Guoda Metallurgical Group tailings pond and the Jinchiling gold mine. The water quality of the Jiehe river has not been improved after the river regulation. Therefore,it is necessary to take corresponding measures to repair the three main pollution sources. The contents of Zn,As,Cd and Pb in the sediments were 218-5878,17-4177,1-67 and 35-974 mg·kg~(-1), respectively. The content of weak acid extracted form of Zn and Cd were above 60%,while the speciation distributions of As and Pb varies greatly along the river,mainly in reducible and residual forms. The results of pollution level and risk assessment showed that the sediments in the 11 sampling sites were all heavily polluted. Among the four heavy metals,Zn and Cd have the highest risk level, in 4 sample points Zn and Cd at an extremely high risk level,and As and Pb at a low risk level in most of the sample points. Therefore,pollution remediation should be focused on Zn and Cd pollution