机器翻译质量综合评价方法研究

基于对“词汇”、“语法”和“语篇”三个译文质量评价因素的分析，本文构建了包含12个指标、每个指标分为5个质量等级的评价指标体系，通过问卷设计与问卷调查方法获取机器翻译质量的评价数据。采用层次分析法确定评价指标的权重向量，利用模糊数学理论建立了机器翻译质量的综合评价向量模型。实例分析表明，该模型可以科学定量地评价翻译软件的译文质量及其在各项评价指标上的差异，对读者筛选优质翻译软件、开发商提高软件质量具有重要意义。Based on an analysis of three factors in the assessment of translation quality, i.e. vocabulary, gram- mar and discourse, this paper developes an evaluation index system which includes twelve indicators and each indicator is divided into five levels. Meanwhile, a questionnaire is also designed for use. Foreign language teachers and Master＇s degree candidates are selected as respondents. Then, the data for machine translation e- valuation is obtained from the questionnaire. The analytic hierarchy process （AHP） is applied to the data in or- der to determine the weighted vector of machine translation evaluation factors. On this basis, fuzzy mathematics theory is used to establish the comprehensive evaluation vector for machine translation quality. As a result, the quantity comprehensive evaluation for the translation text quality is completed. The results of our study show that the comprehensive evaluation model of translation quality based on the AHP and fuzzy mathematics method can be employed to scientifically and quantitatively analyze the translation text quality of the translation software as well as the differences of various evaluation indicators. Thus, this is significant for readers to choose high quality translation software and for software developers to find design flaws so as to improve the software design and the quality of software.本文是2016-2019年度西班牙国家科学研究项目“东亚研究”（项目编号：FF12015-70513-P）的阶段性研究成果之一.在研究过程中获得该项目的资助

Room-temperature continuous-wave electrically injected InGaN-based laser directly grown on Si

Silicon photonics would greatly benefit from efficient, visible on-chip light sources that are electrically driven at room temperature(1,2). To fully utilize the benefits of large-scale, low-cost manufacturing foundries, it is highly desirable to grow direct bandgap III-V semiconductor lasers directly on Si3-5. Here, we report the demonstration of a blue-violet (413 nm) InGaN-based laser diode grown directly on Si that operates under continuous-wave current injection at room temperature, with a threshold current density of 4.7 kA cm(-2). The heteroepitaxial growth of GaN on Si is confronted with a large mismatch in both the lattice constant and the coefficient of thermal expansion, often resulting in a high density of defects and even microcrack networks. By inserting an Al-composition step-graded AIN/AIGaN multilayer buffer between the Si and GaN, we have not only successfully eliminated crack formation, but also effectively reduced the dislocation density. The result is the realization of a blue-violet InGaN-based laser on Si

草炭绿化荒漠

1993-1996年与日本草炭研究会开始“草炭绿化荒漠”的研究工作,1997-2000年开始执行中日政府间JICA合作研究,1998年9月-2001年9月开始中国科学院重大国际合作特别支持项目。该项目以中国科学院阜康荒漠生态试验站为基地,利用草炭改良荒漠,寻求绿化荒漠的新方法、新技术,改善干旱区环境为目的。研究包括草炭的基本性质、土壤-植物系统与水份关系、草炭改土效果、草炭制剂的研究制、草炭利用新技术、草炭的土壤中分解速率和利用年限、草炭绿化荒漠机理等。研制的“草炭土壤调理剂”获发明专利,该制剂可为作物提供全方位的水份和养份供应,为有机肥工业化提供了良好前景;研究方法上采用了盆栽、小区和同位素..