Стилістичні засоби реалізації категорії оцінки в англійських прислів’ях (на матеріалі репліки-реакції в діалогічному дискурсі) (Stylistic means of expressing the category of evalution in English proverbs (in reactions in dialogue discourse)

Стаття присвячена аналізу стилістичних засобів реалізації категорії оцінки в англійських прислів’ях, вживаних у функції репліки-реакції в діалогічній інтеракції. Багато вчених приділяли увагу аналізу діалога, але все ще залиша- ється багато аспектів, які потребують більш детального вивчення, особливо в світлі нових підходів. Однією із таких проблем є дослідження прагматичних особливостей та лінгвістичного оформлення репліки-реакції в діалогічній єдності. Мовець, оцінивши інформацію співрозмовника в репліці-стимулі, виражає своє власне ставлення до цієї інформації на основі свого власного досвіду, моральних та етичних принципів. власних переконань. Прислів’я в яких акумульовано досвід поколінь допомагань мовцю виразити його оцінку під час діалогічного спілкування. (The article deals with the stylistic means of expressing the category of evaluation in English proverbs, when they are used as reactions in dialogue communication. Though dialogue speech and its structural peculiarities have been studied a lot, there still remain a lot of aspects which need more detailed examination, especially now, taking into consideration new approaches. There arises a problem of pragmatic aspects of dialogue communication, pragmatic intentions and linguistic means, used in reactions in particular. The speaker, having evaluated the interlocutor’s information in stimulus, expresses his own attitude to what was said on the basis of his own experience his own moral principles, his own convictions. Proverbs, having accumulated the experience of generations of people, help reflect his evaluation, being used as reactions in dialogue intercourse.

Investments in education system—Do the results correspond to the expectations?

© 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London.The article deals with the problem of economic investments in education system in the case of the Republic of Tatarstan and the problem of their effectiveness from population perspective

Estimation of investment requirements in providing potential of reliability of energy provider

© 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London.Estimation method of investment requirements in providing potential of reliability of Energy Provider is a system of methods and investment support models of the strategic goals and targets implementation of internal and external investment enterprise development. This system of methods and models leads to gaining income of assets in the future, or achieving a positive effect, namely improving the company image, compounding Strategic Potential of Reliability (SPR). We offer to treat differently to the calculation essence of the investment in the strategic potential of reliability and determine its size based not on the residual principle, but based on the optimization model of investment and operating costs of producer and consumer

Maternal iNOS genetic polymorphisms and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Increased expression and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) may contribute to the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia (PE) and gestational hypertension (GH). However, no previous study has examined whether genetic polymorphisms in the iNOS gene are associated with PE or GH. We examined whether two functional, clinically relevant iNOS genetic polymorphisms (the C(-1026)A polymorphism, rs2779249, in the promoter region, and the G2087A polymorphism, rs2297518, in exon 16) are associated with GH or with PE. We studied 565 pregnant women: 212 healthy pregnant (HP), 166 pregnant with GH and 187 pregnant with PE. Genotypes were determined by real-time PCR, using the Taqman allele discrimination assay. The PHASE 2.1 program was used to estimate haplotype distributions in the three study groups. We found no significant association between the C(-1026)A polymorphism and PE or GH (P>0.05). However, we found the GA genotype and the A allele for the G2087A polymorphism at higher frequency in PE, but not in GH, compared with HP (P<0.05). The haplotype analysis showed no significant intergroup differences (P>0.05). These findings suggest that iNOS genetic variants may affect the susceptibility to PE, but not to GH. Journal of Human Hypertension (2012) 26, 547-552; doi:10.1038/jhh.2011.65; published online 30 June 2011Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)Coordenadoria de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 polymorphisms affect plasma MMP-9 levels and antihypertensive therapy responsiveness in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Abnormal matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 levels may have a role in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We examined whether MMP-9 genetic polymorphisms (g.-1562C>T and g.-90(CA)(13-25)) modify plasma MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 levels and the responses to antihypertensive therapy in 214 patients with preeclampsia (PE), 185 patients with gestational hypertension (GH) and a control group of 214 healthy pregnant (HP). Alleles for the g.-90(CA)(13-25) polymorphism were grouped L (low) (<21 CA repeats) or H (high) (>= 21 CA repeats). Plasma MMP-9 and TIMP-1 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma MMP-9 concentrations were not affected by genotypes or haplotypes in HP and PE groups, except for the g.-90(CA)(13-25) polymorphism: GH patients with the LH genotype for this polymorphism have higher MMP-9 levels than those with other genotypes. The T allele for the g.-1562C>T polymorphism and the H4 haplotype (combining T and H alleles) are associated with GH and lack of responsiveness to antihypertensive therapy in GH. The H2 haplotype (combining C and H alleles) was associated with lack of responsiveness to antihypertensive therapy in PE, but not in GH. In conclusion, our results show that MMP-9 genetic variants are associated with GH and suggest that MMP-9 haplotypes affect the responsiveness to antihypertensive therapy in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The Pharmacogenomics Journal (2012) 12, 489-498; doi: 10.1038/tpj.2011.31; published online 19 July 2011Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)Coordenadoria de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES

Life Cycle Management of Infrastructures

By definition, life cycle management (LCM) is a framework “of concepts, techniques, and procedures to address environmental, economic, technological, and social aspects of products and organizations in order to achieve continuous ‘sustainable’ improvement from a life cycle perspective” (Hunkeler et al.\ua02001). Thus, LCM theoretically integrates all sustainability dimensions, and strives to provide a holistic perspective. It also assists in the efficient and effective use of constrained natural and financial resources to reduce negative impacts on society (Sonnemann and Leeuw\ua02006; Adibi et al.\ua02015). The LCM of infrastructures is the adaptation of product life cycle management (PLM) as techniques to the design, construction, and management of infrastructures. Infrastructure life cycle management requires accurate and extensive information that might be generated through different kinds of intelligent and connected information workflows, such as building information modeling (BIM)

Investments in education system—Do the results correspond to the expectations?

© 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London.The article deals with the problem of economic investments in education system in the case of the Republic of Tatarstan and the problem of their effectiveness from population perspective

Investments in education system—Do the results correspond to the expectations?

© 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London.The article deals with the problem of economic investments in education system in the case of the Republic of Tatarstan and the problem of their effectiveness from population perspective

Investments in education system—Do the results correspond to the expectations?

© 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London.The article deals with the problem of economic investments in education system in the case of the Republic of Tatarstan and the problem of their effectiveness from population perspective

Estimation of investment requirements in providing potential of reliability of energy provider

© 2016 Taylor & Francis Group, London.Estimation method of investment requirements in providing potential of reliability of Energy Provider is a system of methods and investment support models of the strategic goals and targets implementation of internal and external investment enterprise development. This system of methods and models leads to gaining income of assets in the future, or achieving a positive effect, namely improving the company image, compounding Strategic Potential of Reliability (SPR). We offer to treat differently to the calculation essence of the investment in the strategic potential of reliability and determine its size based not on the residual principle, but based on the optimization model of investment and operating costs of producer and consumer