Economic Results of Winter Wheat and Winter Rye Production in Organic Farms – a Case Study

Studies on the economics of agricultural production in organic farms are carried out on a small scale but deliver important information about the situation of organic agricultural producers. The aim of this paper is to examine the economic and production results of organic farms cultivating winter wheat and winter rye in relation to the results of conventional farms (by way of case study). The paper used actual accounting data collected in the Agrokoszty system and Polish FADN and direct interviews with organic farmers. For detailed comparison of the economic results the methodology of calculating gross margin was used. When compared to conventional farms, the winter wheat and winter rye production results were weaker in organic farms, and a lower yield of grain was demonstrated. The selling price of organic grain was more favourable only for winter wheat. The surveyed farmers indicate the will to continue organic production. However, it is necessary to develop the organic product market and for further financial support for this production sector

"Economic results achieved by a selected group of organic farms in Poland in 2004"

Abstract: Organic farming is becoming more and more popular among Polish farmers. In the year of the accession of Poland to the European Union, the number of certified organic farms amounted to 1683. By the end of 2005, which is after the first year of Poland’s membership in the EU, the number of farms practicing exclusively organic farming or taking up that course of production amounted to more than 7000. On the basis of agricultural accountancy from 2004, an economic and production evaluation of 110 organic farms included in the Polish FADN sample was carried out. The organic farms were classified into 5 classes of economic size. 92% of them were of economic size below 16 ESU. The study contains economic and production results achieved by a group of farms belonging to the principal type TF60 “Mixed cropping” and included in the type TF8 „Field crops”

Wpływ żywienia przemysłowymi paszami treściwymi na opłacalność produkcji mleka

Intensification of milk production is associated with an increase in the number of dairy cows and milk yielding. In order to maintain high milk yield and quality of the produced raw material it is very important to adjust the appropriately balanced dose of feeds. Production of good quality own roughage is a valuable and cheap source of food for animals, but it may be insufficient to provide high milk yielding. As a result, it is necessary to buy commercial concentrated feedingstuffs (mainly protein concentrates and concentrated compounds) which may lead to an increase of production costs. Intensification of milk production in the economic aspect is justified only in the case of a simultaneous increase in the profitability of this production, which is the relation of the production value and incurred costs. For the economic purpose of milk production the way of feeding the dairy cows should also result from economic calculation and the purchase of commercial feedingstuffs must be economically justified. This article attempts to answer the question whether the increased consumption of commercial concentrated feedingstuffs and increased direct costs are justified by achieved economic results from milk production. The accountancy data were collected according to the methodology of the AGROKOSZTY and Polish FADN system among dairy farms. Grouping of the surveyed farms concerned a level of commercial feedingstuff quantity which (as shown by statistical analysis) was strongly correlated with milk yielding. The designated groups (with small level and high level of usage of commercial feedingstuffs) were analysed in terms of direct costs and labour input as well as the level of income from the activity. The economic results of the surveyed farms showed that the higher costs incurred for the purchase of commercial feedstuffs in the group with high usage of commercial feedingstuffs (average herd in the group was 30 dairy cows with milk yielding of 6,000 liters per cow) did not allow to achieve much better economic results than in the group with small usage of commercial feedstuffs (average herd in group was 15 cows with milk yielding of 5,200 litres per cow).Intensyfikacja produkcji mleka jest bezpośrednio związana ze wzrostem liczby krów mlecznych i ich wydajności jednostkowej. W celu utrzymania wysokiej wydajności mlecznej i wysokiej jakości wytwarzanego surowca bardzo ważne jest, aby dostosować odpowiednio zrównoważoną dawkę żywieniową. Produkcja dobrej jakości własnych pasz objętościowych jest cennym i tanim źródłem pokarmu dla zwierząt, ale może być niewystarczająca, aby zapewnić wysoką wydajność mleczną. W rezultacie, koniecznością może być zakup przemysłowych pasz treściwych, głównie pełnoporcjowych pasz i koncentratów białkowych, które mogą prowadzić do zwiększenia bezpośrednich kosztów produkcji mleka. Intensyfikacja produkcji mleka w aspekcie ekonomicznym jest uzasadniona tylko w przypadku jednoczesnego wzrostu opłacalności tej produkcji, która jest relacją poniesionych kosztów do wartości produkcji. Z tego powodu sposób żywienia krów mlecznych powinien również wynikać z kalkulacji ekonomicznej a zakup pasz przemysłowych musi być ekonomicznie uzasadniony. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy zwiększone zużycie treściwych pasz przemysłowych i związany z tym wzrost kosztów bezpośrednich mają uzasadnienie w osiąganych ekonomicznych wynikach z produkcji mleka. Dane rachunkowe zostały zebrane zgodnie z metodologią systemu AGROKOSZTY i Polskiego FADN wśród gospodarstw mlecznych. Zastosowano grupowanie badanych gospodarstw według poziomu zużycia przemysłowych pasz treściwych, które jak wynika z analizy statystycznej, było silnie skorelowane z uzyskiwaną wydajnością mleczną. Wyznaczone grupy (o małym i wysokim poziomie wykorzystania przemysłowych pasz treściwych) poddane zostały analizie pod względem kosztów bezpośrednich i nakładu pracy, jak i poziomu dochodu z działalności. Wyniki badań wykazały, że wyższe koszty poniesione na zakup przemysłowych pasz treściwych w grupie gospodarstw (utrzymujących średnio 30 krów mlecznych o wydajności jednostkowej 6000 litrów) nie skutkowało uzyskaniem znacznie lepszych wyników ekonomicznych niż w grupie z niewielkim zużyciem przemysłowych pasz treściwych (utrzymujących średnio 15 krów o wydajności jednostkowej 5200 litrów)

Nadwyżka bezpośrednia z wybranych produktów rolniczych w 2013 roku oraz projekcja dochodów na 2020 rok

Seria: Program Wieloletni 2011-2014. Konkurencyjność Polskiej Gospodarki Żywnościowej w Warunkach Globalizacji i Integracji Europejskiej, nr 105Uwarunkowania produkcyjno-rynkowa w rolnictwie w 2013 roku. Materiał i metodyka badań. Produkcja, koszty i nadwyżka bezpośrednia uzyskana z produkcji wybranych produktów rolniczych w gospodarstwach konwencjonalnych w 2013 r.: pszenica i żyto ozime, jęczmień jary, rzepak ozimy, żywiec wieprzowy. Produkcja, koszty i nadwyżka bezpośrednia uzyskana z produkcji mleka w gospodarstwach ekologicznych w 2013 r. Pojęcie modelu i wybrane zagadnienia prognozowania. Metoda projekcji dochodów z produktów rolniczych. Projekcja do 2020 roku kosztów produkcji oraz wyników ekonomicznych wybranych produktów rolniczych: pszenica i żyto ozime, jęczmień jary, rzepak ozimy, buraki cukrowe. Analiza empiryczna zmian cen skupu pszenicy, żyta, jęczmienia, żywca wieprzowego w latach 2001-2014.Kamila Sobieck

Economic Results of Winter Wheat and Winter Rye Production in Organic Farms – a Case Study

Studies on the economics of agricultural production in organic farms are carried out on a small scale but deliver important information about the situation of organic agricultural producers. The aim of this paper is to examine the economic and production results of organic farms cultivating winter wheat and winter rye in relation to the results of conventional farms (by way of case study). The paper used actual accounting data collected in the Agrokoszty system and Polish FADN and direct interviews with organic farmers. For detailed comparison of the economic results the methodology of calculating gross margin was used. When compared to conventional farms, the winter wheat and winter rye production results were weaker in organic farms, and a lower yield of grain was demonstrated. The selling price of organic grain was more favourable only for winter wheat. The surveyed farmers indicate the will to continue organic production. However, it is necessary to develop the organic product market and for further financial support for this production sector

Polish agricultural holdings towards climate change and agricultural policy - baseline analysis

Households engaged in agricultural production and agricultural holdings of natural persons with characterisitics of enterprises. Economic standing and investment activity of agricultural holdings particularly vulnerable to agricultural drought and other holdings in 2006-2013. Organisation and efficiency of Polish agricultural holdings specialising in field crops against holdings from selected countries. Gross margin from selected agricultural products in 2014 – regional approach. The smallest and the largest domestic agricultural entities of natural persons not covered by the monitoring of the Polish FADN in 2010-2013

Agricultural company and agricultural holding towards climate and agricultural policy changes (4)

It is the fourth out of five publications devoted to functioning of agricultural enterprises and farms under conditions of changes in climate and the anticipated change in agricultural policy which is expected to take place in 2021 and beyond – its performance in the next several years. Chapters: Climate change and its effects. Large agricultural holdings and labour productivity in polish agriculture and in other selected EU countries in 2016. Impact of Natura 2000 areas on the functioning of farms. A comparison of pig holdings in Poland and in the selected EU countries. Gross margin of selected agricultural products in 2017 – regional perspective

Agricultural company and agricultural holding towards climate and agricultural policy changes (2)

It is the second of a series of five publications devoted to operation of national agricultural holdings in the conditions of climate change and expected change in the agricultural policy that can take place in 2021 and its further implementation in the next years. Chapters: Semi-subsistence agricultural holdings towards climate and economic changes. Agricultural farms from the LFA as compared to other farms. Effectiveness of Polish horticultural holdings against a background of similar holdings from the selected countries. Fruit and vegetable producer groups and organisations as a method of improving the competitive position of fruit growers in Poland. Gross margin from selected agricultural products – regional approach

Agricultural company and agricultural holding towards climate and agricultural policy changes (3)

It is the third out of five publications devoted to functioning of agricultural enterprises and farms under conditions of changes in climate and the anticipated change in agricultural policy which is expected to take place in 2021 and beyond – its performance in the next several years. Chapters: Problems that farms will have to face by 2025. Evaluation of the development capacity of medium-sized farms in the context of climate change and economic policy. Efficiency and farms afforesting lands against a background of other farms in 2006-2014. Competitiveness of the Polish dairy farms and beef cattle farms against a background of similar farms from the selected European Union countires. Gross margin of selected agricultural products in 2016 – regional perspective