Analyzing urban green space inequalities in Isparta, Turkey

Cities defined by population size, heterogeneity, and dynamic change face historical and contemporary inequalities. The United Development Goals underline the urgency of addressing urban inequality, which has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Urban open and green spaces emerge as important elements for social well-being and affect social, cultural, and psychological aspects. Despite their importance, inequalities in the distribution, quantity, and function of these areas persist. Standards advocating a minimum of 9 m2 of green area per person and accessibility become an important component. However, global data reveals that distribution is inadequate; Only 37.8% of neighborhoods in the city are conveniently located near open public spaces. This study examines the distribution, size, and accessibility of urban green spaces, focusing on Isparta. Unequal distributions were detected in terms of the area covered by green spaces in the neighborhoods, their accessibility, and green spaces per capita. The findings reveal the need for measures to correct urban inequality in planning, design, and management policies, which will contribute to the creation of sustainable and livable cities

Aydın Örs’ün hayatı ve basketbol macerası

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2016.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Emiroğlu, Kudret

Casein-Hydrolysate-Loaded W/O Emulsion Preparation as the Primary Emulsion of Double Emulsions: Effects of Varied Phase Fractions, Emulsifier Types, and Concentrations

Stable primary emulsion formation in which different parameters such as viscosity and droplet size come into prominence for their characterization is a key factor in W/O/W emulsions. In this study, different emulsifiers (Crill™ 1, Crill™ 4, AMP, and PGPR) were studied to produce a casein-hydrolysate-loaded stable primary emulsion with lower viscosity and droplet size. Viscosity, electrical conductivity, particle size distribution, and emulsion stability were determined for three different dispersed phase ratios and three emulsifier concentrations. In 31 of the 36 examined emulsion systems, no electrical conductivity could be measured, indicating that appropriate emulsions were formed. While AMP-based emulsions showed non-Newtonian flow behaviors with high consistency coefficients, all PGPR-based emulsions and most of the Crill™-1- and -4-based ones were Newtonian fluids with relatively low viscosities (65.7–274.7 cP). The PGPR-based emulsions were stable for at least 5 days and had D(90) values lower than 2 µm, whereas Crill™-1- and -4-based emulsions had phase separation after 24 h and had minimum D(90) values of 6.8 µm. PGPR-based emulsions were found suitable and within PGPR-based emulsions, and the best formulation was determined by TOPSIS. Using 5% PGPR with a 25% dispersed phase ratio resulted in the highest relative closeness value. The results of this study showed that PGPR is a very effective emulsifier for stable casein-hydrolysate-loaded emulsion formations with low droplet size and viscosity

The Clinical Efficiency of Minerasol (R) a New Trace Element Combination on Sheep

In this study, the effects of Minerasol (R) application, is a new mineral combination, on blood serum parameters, its efficiency on sheep breeding and its safety on the treatments of diseases (caused by macro and micro element deficiencies) were examined. When the serum mineral level before and after the application of Minerasol (R) were examined on 40 sheep, it was determined that, there were increases in serum Fe, Cu, Zn, Mg and Ca levels. The increase in. serum Zn, Mg and Ca were significant (p<0.001). Consequently, it was concluded that with the inclusion of Minerasol (R) into the routine care and nourishment program, the problems related to the deficiency of trace elements would be eliminated in a short time and predisposition in terms of bacterial, viral and parasitic diseases would be prevented