PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKAN PENGISI PADA AYAM BROILER UMUR 22-28 HARI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, DAN KANDUNGAN LEMAK KARKAS DAN DAGING

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of stuff feeding given during 22 to 28 days of ages on growth, meat fat and abdominal fat of broiler. Ninety broiler males (J) and 90 broiler females (B) were divided into 6 treatments groups with 3 replications of 10 broiler chickens each. The treatment were control (K) chicken which was fed with commercial diets from DOC to 42 days of age, DJ and P chickens were fed with corn bran (DJ) or pollard (P) from 22 to 28 days and continued with commercial feeding until 42 days. Feeds for DJ and P treatment was supplemented with B-12 mineral. Data collected were body weight, feed consumption, feed conversion, carcass weight, meat as well as abdominal fat. The data were analyzed by analysis split-plot design (3 feed treatments, 2 sex treatments and 3 phases) and then were tested by DMRT. The results showed that the feed treatments (K, DJ, and P) significantly affected (P<0.05) the body weight (1583, 1289, and 1213 g), feed consumption (1180, 1051, and 1035 g), feed conversion (1.67; 2.62; and -1.89), percentage of abdominal fat (1.80, 2.03, and 1.29%). Sex (J and B) significantly influenced (P<0.05) on body weight, feed conversion, percentage of abdominal fat, but feed consumption, percentage of carcass, meat fat, had no significant differences. The interaction of sex and feed showed significant influence (P<0.05) on meat fat at 22 day of ages. The interaction of feed, sex, and phase had significant influence (P<0.05) on body weight and feed consumption. It could be concluded that stuff feeding decreased body weight, feed consumption, percentage of abdominal fat, but increased feed conversion and meat fat.(Key words: Broiler chicken, Sex, Feed stuff, Broiler Starter, Corn bran, Pollard

Pengaruh Kombinasi Sagu Kukus (Metroxylon Spp) dan Tepung Keong Mas (Pomacea Spp) sebagai Pengganti Jagung Kuning terhadap Penampilan Itik Jantan Alabio, Mojosari dan Hasil Persilangannya (The Effect of Steaming Sago (Metroxylon Spp) and Golden Snail Meal

The aim of the experiment was to find out the effects of steaming sago (Metroxylon Spp) and golden snail meal (Pomacea Spp) combination for yellow corn substitution, on the performance of male Alabio, Mojosari, and their cross(MA). One hundred and ninety two young male ducks from the three breeds of 7 day old were assigned in 48 units of pens (4 ducks/pen). The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design with factorial (3x4) the first factorwas duck breeds (a) consisted of three duck breeds, Alabio, Mojosari, and Raja ducks, and the second factor was the type of ration of: R0 (control/100% basal ration), R1 (basal ration + 13% steaming sago and 2% golden snail flour), R2(basal ration + 26% steaming sago and 4% golden snail flour) and R3 (basal ration + 39% steaming sago and 6% golden snail flour). All treatments were repeated four times. The observed variables were the performance of ducks(body weight, body weight gain, ration consumption, and feed conversion ratio). The results indicated that breed had significant effects (P<0.05) on body weight, body weight gain, and ration conversion. Meanwhile, types of feed hadsignificant effects (P<0.05) on feed consumption, body weight gain, and final body weight. It was concluded that the combination of steaming sago and golden snail meal up to 45% of the ration could replace the need for yellow corn assource of energy without affecting the performance of male ducks of 1–8 weeks old. Cross male ducks were better than male Alabio and Mojosari ducks because they were more efficient in converting ration in to meat which resulting inhigher body weight gain.(Key words: Steaming sago, Golden snail flour, Male ducks, Performance

Pengaruh Kombinasi Sagu Kukus (Metroxylon Spp) dan Tepung Keong Mas (Pomacea Spp) sebagai Pengganti Jagung Kuning terhadap Penampilan Itik Jantan Alabio, Mojosari dan Hasil Persilangannya (The Effect of Steaming Sago (Metroxylon Spp) and Golden Snail Meal

The aim of the experiment was to find out the effects of steaming sago (Metroxylon Spp) and golden snail meal (Pomacea Spp) combination for yellow corn substitution, on the performance of male Alabio, Mojosari, and their cross (MA). One hundred and ninety two young male ducks from the three breeds of 7 day old were assigned in 48 units of pens (4 ducks/pen). The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design with factorial (3x4) the first factor was duck breeds (a) consisted of three duck breeds, Alabio, Mojosari, and Raja ducks, and the second factor was the type of ration of: R0 (control/100% basal ration), R1 (basal ration + 13% steaming sago and 2% golden snail flour), R2 (basal ration + 26% steaming sago and 4% golden snail flour) and R3 (basal ration + 39% steaming sago and 6% golden snail flour). All treatments were repeated four times. The observed variables were the performance of ducks (body weight, body weight gain, ration consumption, and feed conversion ratio). The results indicated that breed had significant effects (P<0.05) on body weight, body weight gain, and ration conversion. Meanwhile, types of feed had significant effects (P<0.05) on feed consumption, body weight gain, and final body weight. It was concluded that the combination of steaming sago and golden snail meal up to 45% of the ration could replace the need for yellow corn as source of energy without affecting the performance of male ducks of 1–8 weeks old. Cross male ducks were better than male Alabio and Mojosari ducks because they were more efficient in converting ration in to meat which resulting in higher body weight gain. (Key words: Steaming sago, Golden snail flour, Male ducks, Performance

ANALISIS FENOTIP DAN GENETIK AYAM TOLAKI PADA MASA PERTUMBUHAN

Tolaki chicken is a local chicken of Konawe, South Konawe, outh-East Sulawesi. This study was aim to identifythe phenotype and genotype of Tolaki chickens in the growth stage. The data were collected from 5 of mating groups between 5 roosters and 15 hens. Every group consisted of 1 and 3 head and produced 144 chicks (78 males and 66 females). The feed was given ad-libitum. Data collection included the phenotype characteristic and body weight of 0 until 12 weeks ages. The data were analyzed using ANOVA with Nested (hierarchical structure) design to obtain thecomponents of variance. The components of variance were used for estimating genetic parameters especially the heritability of the growth phase of Tolaki chicken. The results indicated that the growth of male chicken was faster than a rooster chicken. The heritability of growth trait based on the sire variance component (ĥ2 s) was high and had positive value at 0 to 12 weeks age.(Keywords: Chicken Tolaki, Genotype, Growth, Heritability, henotypes

Pengaruh Pejantan dan Pakan terhadap Pertumbuhan Itik Turi sampai Umur delapan Minggu (The Effect of Sires and Diets on the Growth of Turi Duck Until the Age of 8 Weeks)

The experiment was carried out to observe the effect of sires and diets on the growth traits of Turi duck up to the age of eight weeks. There were five sires and 25 dams which produced 151 offspring used in the experiment. Three diets with equal nutrient balance but different concentration P1: {CP:EM= 1:145,EM 2482 kcal/kg:protein 17%}; P2 {CP:EM= 1:146 EM 2628 kcal/kg:protein 18%}; dan P3 {CP:EM= 1:144 (EM 2774 kcal/kg: protein 19%} were then applied. Phenotypic datasets on body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversion parameters were collected. The result showed that sire had no effect on body weight, body weight gain and feed conversions of the offspring. Different diets, on the other hand affected feed consumption (lowest P3:822.37 g/head/weeks). Interactions between sires x age were then found to be significantly affected feed consumption.(Key words: Sires, Diets, Growth, and Turi duck

Microsatellite-Based Genetic Diversity Among Three Duck Populations in Sumatera Island

This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity among three duck populations (Bayang, Pegagan, and Pitalah) reared in Sumatera island, Indonesia, using microsatellite markers. Genetic diversity among populations (n = 90) was determined using 22 microsatellite markers, based on several indices: number of alleles (Na), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), polymorphism information content (PIC), and Wright’s F-statistics ( ). The total number of alleles detected across loci was 121. The Na per locus ranged from 2 (APH24, CAUD128, and CAUD009) to 18 (CAUD048 and CAUD040). The mean Ho (0.429) dan He (0.509) indicated that the level of genetic diversity among populations was moderate, while the mean PIC (0.46) suggested that the tested loci were informative for assessing genetic diversity. The mean F-statistics ( ) were 0.148, 0.198, and 0.060, respectively. The  value indicated that the level of genetic differentiation among populations was moderate. The results confirms a moderate genetic diversity among populations, which could be beneficial for designing conservation and utilization of the local ducks in Sumatera island

Pengaruh Gen Na dan Berat Badan terhadap Sifat Produksi dan Reproduksi Ayam Kampung

Artikel dalam bentuk PD

Pembatasan Makanan secara Kuantitatip dan Kualitatip pada Ayam Dara dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Masa Peneluran dan Produksi Telur

Penelitian pembatasan makanan secara kualitatip dan kuantitatip telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan 288 ekor ayam petelur dara umur 12 minggu. Pembatasan makanan secara kualitatip menggunakan level energi 2600, 2800 dan 3000 kcal./kg. dan level protein 12 dan 16 %, sedangkan secara kuantitatip menggunakan tingkat pemuasaan selang sehari (skip a day) setelah makan 2, 4 6 hari dan kontrol. (M2P, M4P, M6P dan K). Perlakuan ini diberikan selama 12 minggu dengan rancangan faktorial (2X3X4) dimana masing-masing kelompok ayam terdiri dari empat ekor dan tiga ulangan. Setelah 12 minggu, perlakuan dihentikan dan akibatnya terhadap performan produksi diamati selama 32 minggu. Makanan yang diberikan terdiri dari 16 % protein dan 2859n ME. Hasil penelitian pada masa dara menujukkan bahwa penambahan level protein menaikkan pertambahan berat badan dan penambahan level energi menurunkan konsumsi makanan secara nyata (P<0,05). Tingkat pemuasaan menurunkan konsumsi makanan, pertambahan berat badan (P<0,01) dan penundaan umur dewasa kelamin secara nyata (P<0,05). Interaksi antara protein dan tingkat pemuasaan menyebabkan penundaan umur dewasan kelamin secara nyata (P<0,05). Berat telur pertama tidakn berbeda nyata untuk semua kelompok. Pada masa produksi, akibat perlakuan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap produksi telur, konsumsi makanan, berat telur, konversi makanan dan kualitas telur. Perhitungan ekonomi produksi berdasarkan income o ver feed cost, menunjukkan bahwa ransum yang lebih besar menguntungkan adalah ransum dengan protein 12 %, Energi 2600 dan 2800 Kcal./kg, dan tingkat pemuasaan 4 hari makan 1 hari puasa (M4P)

PENGARUH TINGKAT PROTEIN DENGAN IMBANGAN ENERGI YANG SAMA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN AYAM LEHER GUNDUL DAN NORMAL SAMPAI UMUR 10 MINGGU

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of protein levels with the same energy balance on the growth and interaction of naked neck chicken and normal chicken until the age of 10. This study was conducted in September to December 2013.The research in the cage of Poultry Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, UGM. This study was using 84 DOC naked neck chicken and 72 DOC normal chickens. Treatment of three feding with protein and energy content balance (1:150), P1 (20.94% protein: 3139.43 kcal/kg energy), P2 (18.91% protein: 2839.20 kcal/kg energy), P3 (17.32% protein: 2596.28 kcal/kg energy). Feeding and drinking water ad libitum. Data taken include body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion, protein consumption, energy consumption, feed efficiency, protein efficiency and energy efficiency. Data were analyzed by factorial completely randomized design pattern and if the results of the analysis show that the real effect, followed by a test of Duncan�s new multiple range test. The results showed that feeding with protein-energy balance similar highly significant (P<0.01) on body weight until the age of 10 weeks, the weight gain except 2�4 week of age, the feed consumption until 4�6 week of age, the feed conversion except 8�10 week of age, no significant effect on protein consumption, the energy consumption to 4�6 week of age, the efficiency of protein and energy efficiency except 2�4 and 4�6 week of age. The differences of the feathers conditions do not affect on weight, weight gain, feed onsumption except 8-10 weeks, protein consumption, feed efficiency, protein efficiency, energy efficiency and energy consumption normal chicken was higher than the chicken Legund. From this study could be concluded that feed with protein - energy balance higher is better to support the growth of naked neck chickens and normal chicken until the age of 10 weeks. The growth of naked neck chickens and normal chicken were same until the age of 10 weeks. The appearance interaction between the effect of the protein level with the same energy balance and the effect of feathers conditions do not occur in feed consumption and feed conversion of naked neck chicken and normal chicken until the age of 10 weeks