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    ์˜์ƒ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ ด ๋ณด์žฅ ํ’€๋ฆผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(๋ฐ•์‚ฌ) -- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ๊ณต๊ณผ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ „๊ธฐยท์ •๋ณด๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€, 2022.2. ๊ณ ํ˜•์„.์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”ฝ์Šค ํ•„๋“œ์—์„  ์˜์ƒ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์ค‘์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์‹คํŒจ(์—‰ํ‚ด)๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์˜์ƒ(ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ , ๋ฐ”์ง€)์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ€์ƒ ํ”ผํŒ…์ด๋‚˜ ์—๋‹ˆ๋ฉ”์ด์…˜ ์ œ์ž‘์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„  ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—‰ํ‚ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์— ์‹คํŒจํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—‰ํ‚ด์„ ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ , ๊ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด์‚ฐ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์—‰ํ‚ด์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์˜์ƒ์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ํšจ์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ์ž…์ฆํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน, BLI๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—‰ํ‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ESEF(๋ณ€-์••์ถ• / ์ž…์‹ค๋ก -์••์ถœ)๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—‰ํ‚ด์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์˜์—ญ์ด ํ™•์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋จ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฐ”๊นฅ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„œ์„œํžˆ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์›ƒํˆฌ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์—‰ํ‚ด์„ ์ ์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งค ํƒ€์ž„ ์Šคํ…๋งˆ๋‹ค ์˜์ƒ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ์˜ ์—‰ํ‚ด ๋ถ„์„์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์ •์ , ๋ณ€, ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•์„ ์ฑ„์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ €์žฅํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ดํ›„ ์ฑ„์ƒ‰์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์˜์—ญ์— ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ๋ฒ• ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•-์ˆ˜์ถ•๊ณผ ์ •์ -๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—‰ํ‚ด์ด ์—†์–ด์งˆ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•-์ˆ˜์ถ•๊ณผ ์ •์ -๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—ฐ์† ์ถฉ๋Œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ํ†ต์ƒ์ ์œผ๋ก  ๋ฐ˜์˜ฌ๋ฆผ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด ์™”๋˜ ์ž…์‹ค๋ก  ๊ฐ’์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์žฌํ•ด์„ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ž…์‹ค๋ก ์˜ ํšจ์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ฌ๋ฆผ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜ ๋ฐฉ์–ด๋กœ ํ•œ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์ด์‚ฐ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์— ์‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์ • ์กฐ๊ฑด์—์„œ ์œ ํ•œํ•œ ํƒ€์ž„ ์Šคํ…์•ˆ์— ์—‰ํ‚ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน, BLI์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” BLI-Resolver๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € BLI์˜ ํŠน์ง•๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์—‰ํ‚ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ(์Šคํƒ€์ผ)๊ฐ€ ์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ๋˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์˜์—ญ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด BLI๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜, ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ-์ฐข๊ธฐ, ์˜์—ญ-๊ต์ฐจ, ์ ‘ํž˜-๊ต์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ-์ฐข๊ธฐ๋Š” ์˜์ƒ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ž„์‹œ๋กœ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์‚ผ๊ฐํ˜•๋“ค์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ ํ›„ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์—‰ํ‚ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์— ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฉ”์‰ฌ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์˜์—ญ-๊ต์ฐจ, ์ ‘ํž˜-๊ต์ฐจ๋Š” BLI๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—‰ํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ, ESEF๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ์•ˆ๋œ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•(ESEF, BLI-Resolver)์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์—‰ํ‚ด์˜ ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋Ÿผ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด, ์˜์ƒ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ์†์˜ ์ด์‚ฐ์ถฉ๋Œ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์นจํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ฐ์† ์ถฉ๋Œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌํ˜„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ์— ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํŠน์ง•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋ณต์žก๋„๋‚˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๊ตฌ์• ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์œ ํ•œํ•œ ํƒ€์ž„์Šคํ… ๋‚ด๋กœ ์—‰ํ‚ด์ด ํ’€๋ฆผ์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณต๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์—‰ํ‚ด์ด ๋””์ž์ธ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ตœ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ด์ „์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ณต์—์„œ์˜ ์—‰ํ‚ด์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋จ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.For decades, methods have been proposed to solve the failure of self-collision (intersection) that occurs during clothing simulation. But when applied in reality, they report failure in various cases. In this paper, we divide these intersections into two groups and propose a new discrete collision handling (DCH) method for each to solve them properly in real situations. The first method, Edge-Shortening / Epsilon-Finessing (ESEF), is a method that guarantees convergence of six among seven intersection classifications except for BLI. It performs intersection analysis of the clothing mesh at every time step, and stores the result in the form of coloring the vertices, edges, and triangles. Referring to the coloring, the method resolves the tanglements in an out-to-in manner by applying the proposed operations, triangle shrinkage and vertex pull. The operations reinterpret the traditional use of tolerance value in continuous collision handling (CCH) methods, which were normally used for defending round-off errors. It gives a second thought to that tolerance value, and proposes a new DCH method that uses the tolerance value for the resolution purpose. Under certain conditions, ESEF turns out to guarantee the resolution of the tanglements in a finite number of time steps. The second method, BLI-Resolver, specifically targets BLI only. We analyze how BLIs occur, and realize that the desired form of resolution (i.e., resolution style) can vary depending on the type or particular region of the garment. Therefore, we identify the need for three resolution algorithms for BLI, namely, Mesh-Tearing, Regional-Flip, Crease-Flip, in order to cover the resolution styles. BLI-Resolver is the first to (1) identify the need for the resolution styles for the case of BLI, (2) propose the actual algorithms to cover each resolution style, and (3) demonstrate that the proposed resolution styles and algorithms work stably for BLIs. With the two methods, we can now cover the full spectrum of intersections. Intersections are guaranteed to resolve, in a design-appropriate direction when sufficient information of the clothing is given. Experiments report success in various and practical clothing where previous methods failed to resolve.1 Introduction 1 2 Related Works 5 2.1 Cloth Untangling: General 5 2.2 Cloth Untangling: Multi-Garment 7 2.3 Summary and Limitations 8 2.4 Contribution of Proposed Work 12 3 Preliminary 17 3.1 Edge-Shortening / Epsilon-finessing 17 3.2 Boundary-Loop-Interior Resolver 20 3.2.1 Repulsive-ICM on BLI 20 3.2.2 New Approach for BLI 23 4 Edge Shortening / Epsilon Finessing 25 4.1 Overview 25 4.2 Modifications to Conventional Simulator 28 4.2.1 UV-Space Mesh Update 28 4.2.2 CCH vs. m-CCH 33 4.2.3 Resolution of Elementary Tanglements over Simulation Loop 35 4.2.4 Working of ฮต_CCD-Finesses in a Cloth Mesh 36 4.2.5 Possible Scenario of Edge Shortening Hindrance 39 4.3 Scheduling the Operations 40 4.3.1 Possible Scenarios when No Fan is TIT-Passable 44 4.4 Soundness in Intrinsically Planar Cases 44 4.5 Extensions to Process Clothing 48 5 Boundary-Loop-Interior Resolver 51 5.1 Overview 51 5.2 Modifications to Conventional Simulator 52 5.3 Mesh-Tearing 52 5.3.1 L-to-B Propagation 55 5.3.2 Revived Triangles 56 5.4 Regional-Flip 59 5.4.1 Crease-Flip 60 5.5 Selecting Resolution Style/Algorithm 62 6 Experiment Results 65 6.1 Overview 65 6.2 Rudimentary Cases 69 6.3 Exploded Handkerchief 69 6.4 Clothes 73 6.5 Round Folds 78 6.6 Sharp Folds 78 6.7 User Interactions 78 6.8 Exploded Handkerchief 80 7 Conclusion 85 A Edge Shortening When Intersection Path Exists Across Multiple Panels 89 B Edge Shortening When Intersection Path Exists Across the Dart Opening 95 C Convexification 97 D Discussion on the Values of ฮต_RG and ฮณ 99 E Details of BLI Coupling for Regional-Flip 103 Bibliography 105 ์ดˆ๋ก 119๋ฐ•
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