274 research outputs found

    ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ํ•ด์–‘์‹œ์„ค๋ฌผ์šฉ ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

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    A light buoy, located in a sea route where there is a lot of ocean traffic, is an essential facility for shipโ€™s safe navigation. The power system for a light buoy used in Korea makes use of photovoltaic system. But, the power to be generated by the photovoltaic system is changed according to the amount of sunlight or weather conditions during winter season especially. And the power shortage of the light buoy system can occur due to the lack of solar energy. Moreover, the power consumption of light buoy system is increasing gradually since the intensive control system for the remote monitoring of sea route has been recently adopted for the effective buoy management. And because of light buoyโ€™s structural characteristics, there is only limited capacity to use more solar cells to generate higher power output. Therefore, it is not easy to supply the stable power to the light buoy system. This paper aims to show how a hybrid power generation system can be designed with solar and wave energy that is suitable for a light buoy and be able to generate power for sufficient power supplies. Solar and wave energy complement each other. When solar power is not available in bad weather conditions, wave power can be used as a natural alternative. The hybrid power generation system can combines both energies and provides a consistent power supply. This paper examines the basic principles of the photovoltaic cell and OWC-type wave energy device. And suggests how a solar / wave hybrid power generation system for a light buoy could be consisted. Also, this paper describes a design of a MPPT controller to improve output of photovoltaic cell and describes a design of a power & load controller to control the hybrid power generation system.List of Tables โ…ก List of Figures โ…ก Nomenclature โ…ค Abstract โ…จ ์ œ 1 ์žฅ ์„œ ๋ก  1 1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ 1 1.2 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ชฉ์  3 ์ œ 2 ์žฅ ๋“ฑ๋ถ€ํ‘œ ์ „๋ ฅ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ์†Œ๋ชจ์ „๋ ฅ ํŠน์„ฑ 4 2.1 ๊ฐœ ์š” 4 2.2 ๋“ฑ๋ถ€ํ‘œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ™˜๊ฒฝ 5 2.3 ๋“ฑ๋ถ€ํ‘œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์†Œ๋ชจ์ „๋ ฅ ํŠน์„ฑ 7 2.3.1 ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋ณ„ ์†Œ๋ชจ ์ „๋ ฅ๋Ÿ‰ 7 2.3.2 ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ๋“ฑ๋ถ€ํ‘œ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๋ฐ ์†Œ๋ชจ ์ „๋ ฅ๋Ÿ‰ 10 ์ œ 3 ์žฅ ๋“ฑ๋ถ€ํ‘œ์šฉ ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 12 3.1 ๋“ฑ๋ถ€ํ‘œ์šฉ ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ฐœ์ „ ๊ฐœ์š” 12 3.2 ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „ 13 3.2.1 ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ์›๋ฆฌ 13 3.2.2 ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ 14 3.2.3 ๋…๋ฆฝํ˜• ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 19 3.3 ํŒŒ๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „ 22 3.3.1 ํŒŒ๋ ฅ๋ฐœ์ „ ๊ฐœ์š” 22 3.3.2 ์ง„๋™์ˆ˜์ฃผํ˜• ํŒŒ๋ ฅ๋ฐœ์ „ ์›๋ฆฌ 23 3.3.3 ์ง„๋™์ˆ˜์ฃผํ˜• ํŒŒ๋ ฅ๋ฐœ์ „ ์žฅ์น˜์˜ ์šด๋™ ํŠน์„ฑ 24 ์ œ 4 ์žฅ ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 30 4.1 ํ•˜์ด๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋“œ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 30 4.2 MPPT ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ 32 4.2.1 ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€ํŒ ํŠน์„ฑ 32 4.2.2 MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracker) 33 4.2.3 MPPT ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜ 35 4.3 ์ „์› ๋ฐ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ œ์–ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ 37 ์ œ 5 ์žฅ ์‹คํ—˜ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์ฐฐ 39 5.1 MPPT์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ 39 5.2 ์ „๋ ฅ ๋ฐ ๋ถ€ํ•˜ ์ œ์–ด๊ธฐ 45 5.3 ํŒŒ๋ ฅ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ดํ„ฐ 50 ์ œ 6 ์žฅ ๊ฒฐ ๋ก  55 ์ฐธ ๊ณ  ๋ฌธ ํ—Œ 5

    A Study on the Dynamic Export Yard Planning Considering

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    ๊ตญ์ œ๊ฐ„ ๊ต์—ญ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํ•ญ๋งŒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ต์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ ๋ฐ•์ด ๋Œ€ํ˜•ํ™”๋˜๊ณ , ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ธฐํ•ญํ•ญ๋งŒ์˜ ๊ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ ํ•ญ๋งŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์€ ๋‚ ๋กœ ์น˜์—ดํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์ด๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ, ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ถ€๊ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ค‘๊ตญํ•ญ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์€ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํ•ญ๋งŒ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์œ„ํ˜‘์š”์†Œ๋กœ ๋ถ€๊ฐ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํ•ญ๋งŒ์˜ ๋Œ€ ์ค‘๊ตญํ•ญ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ•ญ๋งŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ๋ ฅ ํ™•๋ณด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ํ•ญ๋งŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ˆ˜์ค€์„ ๋†’์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ๋งŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์ค‘ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ฒ™๋„๋กœ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋ฒฝ ํฌ๋ ˆ์ธ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋‹น ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •์ด ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ถœ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐ˜์ž…๋œ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ๋Š” ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ์— ์žฅ์น˜๋˜์–ด ๋ณด๊ด€ ๋ฐ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์ ํ•˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์žฌ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ฑฐ์นœ ํ›„, ์•ˆ๋ฒฝ ํฌ๋ ˆ์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์„ ๋ฐ•์— ์ ํ•˜ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•ˆ๋ฒฝํฌ๋ ˆ์ธ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ์—์„œ ์•ˆ๋ฒฝํฌ๋ ˆ์ธ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์•ˆ๋ฒฝ ํฌ๋ ˆ์ธ์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์ƒ์‚ฐ์œจ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜‘์†Œํ•œ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ์šด์˜์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ด€๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์žฌ์ž‘์—…์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ์ €ํ•˜๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ์žฅ๋น„๋ถ€์กฑ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋”์šฑ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์šด์˜์„ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์žฌ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์œจ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ์†์‹ค๊ณผ ์ž‘์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ค„์ด๊ณ , ๊ณต๊ฐ„ ํ™œ์šฉ๋„๋Š” ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถœ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์ž…์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•Œ ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์ด ์„ ํ–‰ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์ž… ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์ˆ˜์ž… ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ˜์ถœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋งˆ๊ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ ๋ฐ˜์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ „์— ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์—์„œ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ๊ณ„ํš ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ ๋ฐ ์šด์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™„๋ฒฝํžˆ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐ˜์ž… ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐ˜์ž… ์ผ, ์‹œ, ๋ฐ˜์ž…๋Ÿ‰๋“ฑ์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ณ , ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ๊พ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ์šด์˜๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์‹œ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ํ˜‘์†Œ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ•„์—ฐ์ ์ธ ์šด์˜์˜ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฃผ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์„ ๋ฐ•๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ณ„, ์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ณ„ ๋ฐ˜์ž… ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ๊ณ„ํš์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ๊ณ„ํš์€ ๋Œ€๋žต์ ์ธ ๋ธ”๋ก์˜ ํ• ๋‹น, ์ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์œ„์น˜๊ฒฐ์ • ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ „์ž์ธ ๋ชจ์„ ์˜ ํ™”๋ฌผ์ด ์žฅ์น˜๋  ๋Œ€๋žต์ ์ธ ๋ธ”๋ก์˜ ํ• ๋‹น์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•จ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์š”์†Œ์™€ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ , ์ž‘์—… ํ˜ผ์žก์„ ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ฐ ๋ชจ์„ ๋ณ„ ์žฅ์น˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ ์šด์˜์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ฐ€๋™๋ฅ ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ณ  ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ด๋™์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ค„์ž„ ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ฐ€์šฉ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์›ํ™œํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถœ ํ™”๋ฌผ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•ˆ๋ฒฝ ํฌ๋ ˆ์ธ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์กด์— ์ˆ˜์ถœ, ์ˆ˜์ž… ๋ธ”๋ก์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง€์ผœ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž„์œผ๋กœ์„œ, ์ž‘์—…์ž์˜ ์ž‘์—… ํ˜ผ๋ž€ ๋ฐ ์žฅ์น˜์žฅ์˜ ์›ํ™œํ•œ ํ™”๋ฌผ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์œ ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ์žฅ๋น„์˜ ๊ฐ€๋™์œจ ๋ฐ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค.1. ์„œ๋ก  1.1 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ๋ฐ ๋ชฉ์  1.2 ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฌธํ—Œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ 1.3 ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ 2. ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ถ„์„ 2.1 ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ ์—…๋ฌด ๋ถ„์„ 2.1.1 ์ˆ˜์ž… ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ ํ๋ฆ„ 2.1.2 ์ˆ˜์ถœ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ ํ๋ฆ„ 2.2 ๋Œ€์ƒ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ ํ„ฐ๋ฏธ๋„ 2.3 ๋ฐ˜์ž… ๋ฌผ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ถ„์„ 2.4 ์žฅ์น˜ ํ˜„ํ™ฉ ๋ถ„์„ 3. ํ•ด๋ฒ• ์ œ์‹œ 3.1 ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ •์˜ 3.2 ํ•ด๋ฒ• ์ œ์‹œ 3.3 ํ•ด๋ฒ• ์‹คํ–‰ 3.4 ํ•ด๋ฒ• ์ ์šฉ 4. ๊ฒฐ

    ๊ด‘์ž๊ฒฐ์ • ํ˜•๊ด‘์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฑ์ƒ‰๊ด‘ ๊ตฌํ˜„

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ (๋ฐ•์‚ฌ)-- ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› : ์ž์—ฐ๊ณผํ•™๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌยท์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™๋ถ€, 2018. 2. ์ „ํ—Œ์ˆ˜.Generating a more efficient white light source is very important in various applications such as backlights of display panels, automobile lamps and lighting systems. In particular, white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have gained great interest due to many unique advantages such as energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, long lifetime and compact size. The most common way to make a white light source is to combine a blue LED with one or more wavelength down-converting phosphors. In this context, phosphors are as important as blue LED chips as a component of white LEDs. Until now, however, most phosphor researches have focused on material aspects such as improvement of the performance of existing phosphor materials and development of new phosphors. As an alternative to material based approaches, our group have proposed and demonstrated a structural approach, that is, photonic crystal (PhC) phosphors. Group velocity of photon becomes zero at photonic band-edge (PBE) modes, which makes photons interaction with matter significantly stronger. Combining phosphors with PhC structure and tuning a PBE mode to the excitation photon energy, we obtained significantly stronger interaction between excitation photons and phosphor materials and thus much enhanced color conversion efficiency. In this thesis, I proposed an efficient white light generation method employing a multiple stack of the structurally engineered PhC phosphors on top of a blue LED chip. I designed and fabricated the one-dimensional (1D) PhC phosphors using red and green colloidal quantum dots (CQDs), with their band-edge resonance tuned at the excitation photon wavelength. The excitation resonance improves the interaction between the excitation photons from the blue LED chip and CQDs, resulting in enhanced absorption of excitation photons by CQDs and thus enhanced emission. White light was generated by stacking the red and green PhC phosphors on a blue LED chip. I observed 8% stronger white light out of 33% less CQD amounts in comparison with the structure-less reference phosphors, thanks to a higher color conversion efficiency enabled by PBE effect. In addition, I examined the optical properties of two-dimensional (2D) PhC phosphors. The symmetric 2D PhC phosphor exhibited enhancement factor of ~6 regardless of the polarization direction of excitation source. The asymmetric 2D PhC phosphor exhibited higher enhancement factor (~12) than other PhC phosphor structures due to the fact that both emission resonance and excitation resonance occurred. I expect that further optimizations in structural design and device fabrication will have an enormous impact on phosphors, white LEDs and other applications requiring efficient white light.Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Photonic Crystals 1 1.1.1 Introduction 1 1.1.2 Photonic crystals and electronic crystals 4 1.2 White light generation and Phosphors 6 1.2.1 White light generation 6 1.2.2 Phosphors 7 1.2.3 Colloidal quantum dots 9 1.3 Photonic crystal phosphors 12 1.4 Computational Method 15 1.4.1 Plane-wave expansion method 15 1.4.2 Finite-difference time-domain method 16 1.4.3 Transfer-matrix method 17 1.5 Outline of the Manuscript 18 References 19 Chapter 2 Efficient White Light Generation using Photonic Crystal Phosphors 23 2.1 Introduction 23 2.2 Device design and Numerical Analyses 25 2.2.1 Photonic band structure of lateral 1D photonic crystals 25 2.2.2 Absorption enhancement 29 2.3 Sample Fabrication 36 2.3.1 Laser holographic lithography 36 2.3.2 Fabrication steps 40 2.4 Measurements and Analyses 44 2.4.1 Photoluminescence measurement setup 44 2.4.2 Photoluminescence measurement and enhancement factor 46 2.4.3 Polarization dependence of 1D PhC phosphors 51 2.4.4 Integrating sphere 53 2.4.5 Spectrum measurement 56 2.4.6 White light generation using PhC phosphors 61 2.5 Summary 68 References 70 Chapter 3 2D Photonic Crystal Phosphors 75 3.1 Introduction 75 3.2 Device design and Fabrication 78 3.2.1 Photonic band structure of 2D PhC by PWE method 78 3.2.2 Photonic band structure and absorbance spectra of 2D PhC by FDTD 83 3.2.3 Device fabrication 86 3.3 Measurement and Analyses 88 3.3.1 Transmittance spectra measurement 88 3.3.2 Photoluminescence measurement and enhancement factor 91 3.4 Summary 95 References 96 Chapter 4 Conclusion 98 Abstract in Korean 100Docto

    CHANGE OF BLOOD VISCOSITY AND DEFORMABILITY IN ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA PATIENTS

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    Malignant tumor have hypoxic cell fraction, which makes radio-resistant and hypoxia in tumor is a result from the blood flow decrease caused by increase in blood flow resistance. Blood viscosity increase is major factor of increased blood flow resistance and it could be attributed to the decrease in blood deformability index. For the evaluation of the change of blood viscosity and blood deformability in oral squamous cell carcinoma, we perform the test of the change of those factors between the normal control group and oral squamous cell carcinoma cell patient group. Relative viscosity measured against distilled water was for normal control group, and for the SCC patient group and there was statistical significance between the groups. However, there was no significant difference between the groups in blood viscosity between the groups by tumor size (T1+T2 vs T3+T4). Also, there was no significant difference between the normal control group and SCC patient group in blood deformability index and between the groups by tumor size (T1+T2 vs T3+T4). Increase in blood viscosity was confirmed with this study and it can be postulated that modification blood viscosity might contribute to decrease of hypoxia fraction in oral squamous cell carcinoma, thus improve the effect of radiotherapy and it can be assumed that the main factor of blood viscosity increase is not decrease of blood deformability in oral squamous cell carcinoma.2003๋…„๋„ ํ•œ๊ตญํ•™์ˆ ์ง„ํฅ์žฌ

    BLOOD VISCOSITY CHANGE IN ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA XENOTRANSPLANTED NUDE MICE

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    It is well known that malignant tumor have hypoxic cell fraction, which is radio resistant and is one of the most important cause of local recurrence after radiotherapy. One of the causes of hypoxia in tumor is blood flow decrease due to increase in blood flow resistance and one of the causes of increased blood flow resistance could be attributed to the increase in blood viscosity. For the evaluation of the change of blood viscosity in oral cancer, experiments were carried out to test the change of blood viscosity among the normal control and xenografted oral cancer nude mice. Relative viscosity measured against distilled water was for normal control, and for tumor bearing mice at the first time of blood sampling in experimental period ( ). There was no statistically significant difference between the control group and experimental group (p>0.05). However, as the tumor grew, significant difference of blood viscosity was detected at the third time of blood sampling (control group:, and experimental group:2003๋…„๋„ ํ•œ๊ตญํ•™์ˆ ์ง„ํฅ์žฌ

    INTERNAL VS. RIGID EXTERNAL DISTRACTION DEVICE FOR THE MAXILLARY HYPOPLASIA OF CLEFT PATIENTS

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    Distraction osteogenesis for the advancement of hypoplastic maxilla of cleft patients has shown successful results. In this report, rigid external distraction(RED) system and internal distraction device were used for maxillary advancement. Each system has its advantages and disadvantages. Larger amount of advancement can be achieved with RED system. But complex external device may give patients psychological stress. Internal device is invisible. However its distraction amount have limitation for the advancement (< 20mm) and the vector cannot be changed freely during distraction. The authors treated five cleft patients with maxillary hypoplasia(three with RED system and two with internal distractor). Their results were clinically satisfactory. We present the pros and cons of RED and internal system for maxillary distraction osteogenesis

    BLEPHAROPLASTY BY VARIOUS CAUSES

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    ์‹ฌ๋ฏธ์ ์ธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์›์ธ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์•ˆ๊ฒ€์„ฑํ˜•์ˆ ์„ ์ €์ž๋“ฑ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ์•ˆ๊ฒ€์„ฑํ˜•์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™๊ธฐ, ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ํ„ฑ์–ผ๊ตด์™ธ๊ณผ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง„๋ฃŒ ์˜์—ญ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์•ˆ๋ฉด๋ถ€ ์—ฐ์กฐ์ง๋ฏธ์šฉ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋‹ค

    THE EFFECT OF TOPICAL APPLICATION WITH STEROID AND CYCLOSPORINE ON ORAL LICHEN PLANUS PATIENTS

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    The purpose of this study was comparing the effectiveness in the topical applications of cyclosporine with that of steroid, the conventional and standard drug in the treatment of oral lichen planus. 21 patients with oral lichen planus were treated with cyclosporine (n=11) or steroid (n=10) by random allocations. They were recalled 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after initial treatments. In each recall, the lesion size, clinical symptoms like pain or burning sensation, and side effects were evaluated. The differences of these measurements were compared and the effects of each drug were checked. In reticulation types, steroid showed higher effectivity than cyclosporine and this difference was significant statistically. But in erythema type lesions, either drug showed no significant recovery, statistically. However, the effect of cyclosporine was thought to be more effective. The pain of the lesions was significantly decreased by cyclosporine but not by steroid. The decrease of burning sensation was more dependant upon steroid than cyclosporine, but no statistical relationship could be found. There were no clinical side effects. There was limitation to draw in conclusion due to small pool of this study group. But with the results, this suggestion could be proposed that either drug might be superior to another in effectivity in a specific lesion type or patient symptom, so selection and usage of one drug in a specific case could be better than universal application of one drug in all cases.์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋ณ‘์› ์ผ๋ฐ˜์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ

    FALSE ANEURYSM IN INTERNAL MAXILLARY ARTERY

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    ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์•…์•ˆ๋ฉด ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ์˜ ์™ธ์ƒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋‚ด์•… ๋™๋งฅ์˜ ๊ฐ€์„ฑ ๋™๋งฅ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ทนํžˆ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ๋ณ‘๋ณ€์œผ๋กœ ์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ์„œ์šธ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์น˜๊ณผ๋ณ‘์› ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์•…์•ˆ๋ฉด์™ธ๊ณผ์—์„œ 1๋ก€๋ฅผ ์น˜ํ—˜ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์›์ธ์€ ์™ธ์ƒ์— ์˜ํ•œ ํ•˜์•… ๊ณผ๋‘ ๊ณจ์ ˆ, ๊ด€ํ˜ˆ์  ์ •๋ณต์ˆ ์‹œ์˜ ์˜์›์  ์™ธ์ƒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ž„์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ•๋™์„ฑ ์žก์Œ,์ด‰์ง„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋งฅ๋™์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ˆ ์ค‘ ๊ณผ๋‹ค ์ถœํ˜ˆ์˜ ์–‘์ƒ์„ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณ‘์†Œ๋Š” ํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ์กฐ์˜์ˆ ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ™•์ง„๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ‰์ „์ˆ ๋กœ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์„ฑ ๋™๋งฅ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•  ์ •๋„์˜ ๊ณผ๋‹ค ์ถœํ˜ˆ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ง„๋‹จ๊ณผ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค. ํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ์กฐ์˜์ˆ ์€ ์ž„์ƒ์  ์ฆ์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์ง„๋‹จ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์ผ€ ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์ƒ‰์ „์ˆ ์€ ๊ด€ํ˜ˆ์  ๊ฒฐ์ฐฐ๋ฒ•์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์žฅ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฒ•์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.๋ณด๊ฑด๋ณต์ง€๋ถ€ ๋ณด๊ฑด์˜๋ฃŒ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ง„ํฅ์‚ฌ

    ์˜ฅ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์† ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ํ†ต์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „๋ ฅ์„  ์ฑ„๋„์˜ ์ธก์ • ๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋ง

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    ํ•™์œ„๋…ผ๋ฌธ(์„์‚ฌ)--์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ๋Œ€ํ•™์› :์ „๊ธฐ.์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๊ณตํ•™๋ถ€,2001.Maste
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