[[alternative]]Design of a Fingerprint Classification System

計畫編號：NSC94-2213-E032-020研究期間：200508~200607研究經費：536,000[[abstract]]在生物辨識研究的範疇裡，指紋可以算是目前最廣為應用的生物特徵之一，也因為指紋被如此廣泛應用及建檔，指紋資料庫規模日益龐大，因此，為了減少在龐大的指紋資料庫中搜尋的時間，以減少系統運算量，我們通常會先將指紋作一初步的分類。指紋分類可視為指紋辨識的粗略比對程序，用以剔除差異性過大的樣本，在過去的研究文獻中，已提出許多種有效的指紋分類的方法，這些方法各有其優缺點，其中奇異點的搜尋易受雜訊影響，而且許多演算法速度上表現的並不傑出。本研究計畫中擬設計出一個有效且快速的分類方法。在本系統中，我們計畫直接透過在自動指紋辨識系統(AFIS)中細化後的影像擷取指紋方向的資訊以免除重複的影像強化步驟來提昇整體系統效能，並設計一個快速的區域中心搜尋演算法，找出我們所感興趣的區域中心，接著我們試圖分析中心周圍的方向資訊，找出每一類型指紋所代表的方向特徵，再將其特徵擷取下來作為分類依據，而且這些特徵將來也可以作為身份辨識的延伸資訊。最後我們擬以此研究領域中被廣為使用的NIST-4資料庫來訓練、測試我們的系統。[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

A Holter of low complexity design using mixed signal processor

[[abstract]]A low power, portable, and easily implemented Holter recorder is necessary for patients or researchers of electrocardiogram (ECG). Such a Holter recorder with off-the-shelf components is realized with mixed signal processor (MSP) in this paper. To decrease the complexity of analog circuits and the interference of 60 Hz noise from power line, we use the MSP to implement a finite impulse response (FIR) filter which is equiripple design. We also integrate the ringed buffer for the input samples and the symmetrical characteristic of the FIR filter for efficiently computing convolution. The experimental results show that the output ECG signal with the PQRST feature is easy to be distinguished. This ECG signal is recorded for 24 hr using a SD card. Furthermore, the ECG signal is transmitted with a smartphone via Bluetooth to decrease the burden of the Holier recorder.[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20051019~20051021[[booktype]]紙本[[conferencelocation]]Minneapolis, MN, US

An application of fuzzy logic and neural network to fingerprint recognition

[[abstract]]The correct minutiae extraction is very important in an automatic fingerprint identification system. However, the presence of noise in poor-quality images can cause many extraction faults, such as the dropping of true minutiae and inclusion of false minutiae. Most fingerprint identification systems are based on precise mathematical models, but they cannot handle such faults properly. As human beings are good at recognizing fingerprint patterns, a human-like method is applied. The paper presents an adaptive fuzzy logic and neural network method which has variable fault tolerance. Our experimental results show that this fingerprint identification method is robust, reliable and rapid.[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20050518~20050520[[conferencelocation]]Sapporo, Japa

[[alternative]]Robust, Real Time People Tracking with Shadow Removal in Open Environment

計畫編號：NSC93-2213-E032-010研究期間：200408~200507研究經費：502,000[[abstract]]人體追蹤系統已被廣泛研究與應用，如大樓安全監控系統，利用人體自動監控 系統，可有效管制人員進出。人體追蹤系統亦能有效的應用在動作分析理解(Motion understanding)上，利用追蹤系統，我們可以有效偵測出人體之角度與位置，進而分 析此動作或是判斷此動作的內涵；人體追蹤系統亦能應用在輔具上，利用影像的追 蹤，提醒盲生即將遇到之空間阻礙。 然而在人體追蹤系統的研究中，常會因為陰影的產生，造成人體追蹤系統的失 敗。或是因為人體與背景的顏色相似，導致追蹤失敗。在本計劃中，我們計劃提出 一套特徵抽取技術，可以有效的抵抗光線的改變，並能成功的分辨出與背景顏色相 近的物體。在我們提出的架構中，我們結合小波理論，去除雜訊，並提出陰影去除 技術，能有效的分辨陰影與追蹤物體，有效去除陰影，增強追蹤系統的強健度。並 利用色彩變化量作為追蹤之特徵參數，用以有效的減少光線因素對追蹤系統的影 響。並引用卡曼濾波器與區塊預測法，預測目標物下一個移動位置。如此，即使人 體的移動速度與方向改變(如蹲下、爬行)，皆可以偵測出此人體，並進行有效的追 蹤。[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

[[alternative]]The Control System Design of Portable Computer Peripherals and Its Application in Multimedia-The Controller Design for the High Capacity Solid State Floppy Disk Card(SSFDC)(I)

計畫編號：NSC89-2213-E032-023研究期間：199908~200007研究經費：333,000[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

Geometric Invariant Semi-fragile Image Watermarking Using Real Symmetric Matrix

[[abstract]]In order to improve the detection of malicious tampering of images, it is necessary to decrease the fragility of hidden watermarks, even for digital images which have been distorted incidentally. However, watermarks are sensitive to geometric distortions. In this paper, we propose a new invariant semi-fragile digital watermarking technique based on eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a real symmetric matrix generated by the four pixel-pair. And the multi-rings Zernike transform (MRZT) is proposed to achieve geometric invariance. A signature bit for detecting malicious tampering of an image is generated using the dominant eigenvector. The MRZT method is against the geometric distortions even when the image is under malicious attacks. The experimental results show that this algorithm can resist high quality JPEG compression, and improve the detection performance of various malicious tampering.[[notice]]補正完

[[alternative]]A Study of Real-Time Fingerprint Identificaton System Using DSP

計畫編號：NSC91-2213-E032-018研究期間：200208~200307研究經費：552,000[[sponsorship]]行政院國家科學委員

The Highly Lose Image Inpainting Method Based on Human Vision

[[abstract]]Currently, noise interference and data loss are two major problems that affect the processing results of image data transmission and storage. In order to restore damaged image data effectively, we propose a novel image inpainting technique based on wavelet transformation. The primary feature of our proposed technique is to separate the given image into two principal components which encompass image texture and color respectively. Then, according to the distinctive qualities of the given image, various image inpainting methods are adopted to perform image repair. By taking advantage of the separation of an image into its individual frequency components, we use the multi-resolution characteristics of wavelet transform, from the lowest spatial-frequency layer to the higher one, to analyze the image from global-area to local-area progressively. In order to substantiate the effectiveness of our proposed image inpainting method, we employed various images subject to high noise interference and/or extensive data loss or distortion. The experimental results were perfect, even if the distortion portions of the repaired images were higher than 90%[[notice]]補正完畢[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20060901~20060901[[conferencelocation]]Beijing, Chin

SIGNER-INDEPENDENT SIGN LANGUAGE RECOGNITION BASED ON HMMs AND DEPTH INFORMATION

[[abstract]]In this paper, we use the depth information to effectively locate the 3D position of hands in sign language recognition system. But the information will be changed by different signers and we can’t do recognition well. Here, we use the incremental changes of the three- dimensional coordinates on a unit time as feature set to fix the above problem. And we use hidden Markov models(HMMs) as time-varying classifier to recognize the moving change of sign language on time domain. We also include HMMs with scaling factor to solve the underflow effect of HMMs. Experiments verify that the proposed method is superior then traditional one.[[sponsorship]]中華民國影像處理與圖形識別學會; 宜蘭大學圖書資訊館; 宜蘭大學圖書資訊館[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20130818~20130820[[booktype]]紙本[[iscallforpapers]]Y[[conferencelocation]]宜蘭, 臺

Use of a Self-Learning Neuro-Fuzzy System for Syllabic Labeling of Continuous Speech

[[abstract]]For reducing the requirement of large memory and minimizing computation complexity in a large-vocabulary continuous speech recognition system, speech segmentation plays an important role. In this paper, the authors formulate the speech segmentation as a two-phase problem. Phase 1 (frame labelling) involves labeling frames of speech data. Frames are classified into three types: (1) silence; (2) consonants; and (3) vowels according to two segmentation features. In phase 2 (syllabic unit segmentation) the authors apply the concept of transition states to segment continuous speech data into syllabic units based on the labeled frames. The novel class of hyperrectangular composite neural networks (HRCNs) is used to cluster frames. The HRCNNs integrate the rule-based approach and neural network paradigms, therefore, this special hybrid system may neutralize the disadvantages of each alternative. The parameters in the trained HRCNNs are utilized to extract both crisp and fuzzy classification rules. Four speakers' continuous reading-rate Mandarin speech are given to illustrate the proposed two-phase speech segmentation model. In the authors' experiments, the performance of the HRCNNs is better than the “distributed fuzzy rule” approach based on the comparisons of the number of rules and the correct recognition rate[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]19950320~19950324[[conferencelocation]]Yokohama, Japa