Impact of Social Media on Feminism

This project is about the influence of social media on feminism. It will include what online feminism currently is and what it strives to be, the positives of social media—fighting gender-based violence, change the conversation, social movements, and the intersection of technology and empowerment--, the negatives of social media—gender-based violence, “openness”, race, filtered data, and continuously being “on”—and, what to do now.https://digitalcommons.tacoma.uw.edu/gender_studies/1061/thumbnail.jp

Comparing Tense Systems: the Primacy of the Pres/Past Opposition

A way of improving on the description of the English tense system in Reichenbach [1947] is achieved by changing its matrix 3x3 design into a 2x2x2 set up, formed by 3 basic oppositions: present vs. past synchronous vs. posterior incompleted vs. completed action The advantages of the binary system over the Reichenbachian ternary system are the following: the binary system is completely compositional; there is no tripartition between Past, Present and Future, but only the basic opposition between Past and Present remains. As we intend to show later, this is empirically supported by the Russian and Polish data; some concrete problems, for instance, the ambiguity of past perfect with temporal adverbials or more then one configuration for the same tense form [Future Perfect [will have written] or Past Future tense [would write]] do not arise. The binary system can be naturally extended to apply for the tense systems of different groups of languages. Along with Germanic, we will consider two more groups of languages: Romance [e.g., French and Spanish] and Slavic [e.g., Russian and Polish]. The binary system, we will show, has the potential to be extended in order to capture the Romance data or shrunk to account for the Slavic data. The connection between tense and aspect, especially in Slavic languages is also described in this paper. Both temporal and aspectual differences in Slavic can be essentially captured by the same mechanism provided by the binary system. Some empirical facts, like, for instance, the absence of the present tense interpretation with perfective verb forms, will fall out naturally

Suction v. conventional curettage in incomplete abortion A randomised controlled trial

This randomised controlled trial of 357 patients who had had an incomplete abortion compared suction curettage with conventional curettage for evacuation ofthe uterus. The 179 patients undergoing suction curettage had a significantly lower intra-operative blood loss (P < 0,0001) and a significantly higher mean haemoglobin level at follow-up compared with the 178 patients who had conventional curettage. Suction curettage was a faster procedure and less painful. No difference was found between the two groups with regard to the incidence ofpost-abortal sepsis, or the re-evacuation rate. No problems were encountered with the use of suction curettage in the presence of uterine sepsis. In an era where blood transfusions should be kept to an absolute minimum, suction curettage will help to save blood in several ways

A report on visits of fake clients, pretending to be in need of emergency contraception, to health facilities in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

To identify bottlenecks in the delivery of comprehensive reproductive health care in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe's second city, a study was performed utilising volunteers pretending to be in need of emergency contraception. A total of 55 private, Zimbabwe National Family Planning Council, municipal and government health facilities were visited. These consultations resulted in 9 (16%) correct, 1 possiblycorrect and 15 wrong prescriptions for the morning-after pill (MAP); no treatment was prescribed in 30 instances. Public sector health personnel were very judgemental in their attitude toward sexually active teenagers. Although the Essential Drug List of Zimbabwe is quite clear about the MAP, many health providers are not aware of this, and others do not even have/use this book

Family planning as part of reproductive health, including the HIV / AIDS aspects, in Zimbabwe and Southern Africa

This thesis explores the demand for family planning (FP) in the region and demonstrates that just at the time that demand takes off the brain drain and economic situation make it unlikely that the required services will be provided. This, increasingly, results in unsafe abortions. FP in Zimbabwe is overwhelmingly based on the pill (little effort of health workers needed) with huge failure rates. In South Africa injectables are the mainstay of FP with less failures but with many discontinuations because of side effects. Furthermore women between 40-50 years of age using this method do not know when they can safely stop. The dissertation discusses the role of the Roman Catholic Church in sabotaging proper access to and information about FP. Also teenagers do not get the proper education they need to protect themselves against HIV, another result of the attitude of the above church that only believes in the abstinence message and not in factual information. Another chapter is about bourgeois women from the First World who succeed in undermining trust in injections and implants and hence adding to the problems of their African sisters by limiting their choice. FP and HIV is discussed extensively. The author demonstrates with fake patients that health workers are unfriendly and incompetent when the "morning-after pill" is needed. The author presents two studies the results of which will make it easier in view of the restraints in staff availability to offer women a sterilisation. One study shows that at follow up months later women do not remember a sterilisation under local anaesthesia as much more painful than an operation under GA. Another study shows that it is ethically acceptable to ask if a sterilisation is wanted together with a (emergency) caesarean section (CS) in high parity women. Those asked are 6x as often satisfied as those not asked. Regret is seen 22 times as often in those not sterilised in this situation as those who are. It is claimed that for some women it is more likely that they will die of the next pregnancy (with a scar in the uterus) than that they will regret giving permission for a sterilisation in a stressed situation. Of course it would be even better to discuss the possibility of a CS and the inherent option of a sterilisation with all higher parity women during the antenatal period and document their wish. A pre-printed text on the antenatal card would be best. One other large study follows-up with success 2000 sterilised women and 1000 controls. The regret rate is very low in those sterilised and high in the other group. The same applies to depression and loss of libido. If the facilities, staff and motivation would be available voluntary sterilisation would be an excellent option for many woman in Africa. For example in the Netherlands in 1970 there were an estimated combined total of 1700 women and men sterilised (the total of all sterilisations in the past 20 years) in the year 1983 there were 63.000 of such operations performed in one year. In the US 50% of women between 40-45 are sterilised in Zimbabwe 6.9% while Zimbabwe has the highest figures for southern-Africa excluding South Africa

A binary approach to Spanish tense and aspect: on the tense battle about the past

Language Use in Past and Presen

The Right to Informed Choice. A Study and Opinion Poll of Women Who Were or Were Not Given the Option of a Sterilisation with Their Caesarean Section

BACKGROUND: In The Netherlands, caesarean sections (CSs) are rarely combined with tubal occlusion (TO), partly because discussing CS/TO near delivery is considered unethical and earlier hypothetical counselling--i.e. suppose you happen to need a CS--is rare. This results in more unintended pregnancies and is inconsistent with informed choice. We explored whether TO should indeed not be made routinely available to eligible women. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A questionnaire was mailed to 515 Para ≥2 who underwent in the past ≥1 CS. 498 (96.7%) responded. They were on average 35.3 years old, had 2.5 children, had undergone 1.6 CSs, and 3.3 years had passed since their index delivery, either a CS (393) or vaginal birth (105) after a previous CS. 87% of the 498 believed that pregnant mothers with ≥1 children should be routinely counselled about CS/TO. Indeed, 58% and 85% respectively, thought women/couples expecting their second or third child should still be given the TO option days before delivery, if omitted earlier. Counselled women, 138/498 (27.8%), were far more often satisfied than those without CS/TO option. 33/393 had a CS/TO. None indicated regret in the questionnaire. Another 119 also would have elected a CS/TO if given that option. Therefore, 152 (38.7%) of 393 Para ≥2 had or would have liked a concurrent TO. 118/119 wrote they still regretted missing this opportunity. The exception's husband had had a vasectomy. 100/119 were good TO candidates: they were ≥28 years when they delivered an apparently healthy baby of ≥37 weeks. The current contraceptive use of these 100 suggests that this group will have at least 8 unintended pregnancies before age 50. CONCLUSION: The experiences and opinions of previous potential candidates for a CS/TO do not support the reluctance of Dutch obstetricians to counsel pregnant Para ≥1 about the TO option for a (potential) CS

Designing open access, educational resources / Développer des ressources éducatives en libre accès

The recent bourgeoning of open educational resources has meant greater access to materials with open licenses in the public domain than ever before. Open educational resources are learning tools, such as textbooks, that are freely available and typically accessed online. Despite the expansion of open educational resources, many educators are still unacquainted with the nature and process of producing such resources. The purpose of this discussion paper is to share our experience in developing an open educational e-textbook for students in post-secondary programs for nursing and other health professions while highlighting practical tips for educators. The exemplar referenced in this paper focuses on vital signs’ measurement, a familiar concept for nurse educators, and a topic ubiquitous in healthcare. This paper is suited for any user curious about designing open educational resources with consideration of key elements to produce quality and educational resources that support excellence in nursing pedagogy. We begin by providing a background to our specific project followed by a discussion of the planning phase, the design phase, and other considerations. The e-textbook falls under a Creative Commons license and can be accessed for free by educators and learners. Résumé Le développement récent de ressources éducatives en libre accès a permis une accessibilité beaucoup plus grande, comme jamais auparavant, au matériel avec licences ouvertes dans le domaine public. Les ressources éducatives en libre accès sont des outils d’apprentissage, comme les manuels scolaires, qui sont offerts gratuitement et qui sont généralement accessibles en ligne. En dépit de la prolifération des ressources éducatives libres, bon nombre de professeurs sont toujours peu familiers avec la nature et le processus de production de telles ressources. L’objectif de ce texte de discussion est de partager notre expérience du développement d’un e-manuel de formation en libre accès, pour les étudiants inscrits dans les programmes postsecondaires pour la profession infirmière et les autres professions de la santé, tout en soulignant des conseils pratiques pour les professeurs. L’exemple, cité en référence dans ce texte, est axé sur la prise des signes vitaux, un concept familier aux infirmières enseignantes et un sujet omniprésent dans le domaine de la santé. Cet article convient à toute personne curieuse d’en apprendre davantage sur la conception des ressources éducatives en libre accès en tenant compte d’éléments clés afin de produire des ressources éducatives de qualité qui appuient l’excellence de la pédagogie en soins infirmiers. Nous établissons d’abord le contexte du projet particulier suivi d’une discussion sur la phase de planification, la phase de conception et sur d’autres éléments à considérer. Le e-manuel relève d’une licence Creative Commons et est accessible gratuitement pour les professeurs et les étudiants