Investigations on real time RSSI based outdoor target tracking using kalman filter in wireless sensor networks

Target tracking is essential for localization and many other applications in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Kalman filter is used to reduce measurement noise in target tracking. In this research TelosB motes are used to measure Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI). RSSI measurement doesn’t require any external hardware compare to other distance estimation methods such as Time of Arrival (TOA), Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) and Angle of Arrival (AoA). Distances between beacon and non-anchor nodes are estimated using the measured RSSI values. Position of the non-anchor node is estimated after finding the distance between beacon and non-anchor nodes. A new algorithm is proposed with Kalman filter for location estimation and target tracking in order to improve localization accuracy called as MoteTrack InOut system. This system is implemented in real time for indoor and outdoor tracking. Localization error reduction obtained in an outdoor environment is 75%

A Correlative Study of Metabolic Syndrome and Coronary Artery Disease among Type 2 Diabetics And Non-Diabetics

INTRODUCTION : Over the decades, there has been a phenomenal rise in the incidence of CAD in India. The quantum rise in the prevalence of CAD in urban-India is very likely due to changes in lifestyle and food habits. The twin epidemics of Diabetes mellitus and Heart disease are a major threat to the well being as well as the economic development of India. It is believed that a combination of factors, genetic and environmental including newer risk factors like the metabolic syndrome and hyper coagulability in addition to traditional risk factors like smoking, hypertension and hyper cholesterolemia is the culprit behind the explosive rise in the incidence of these diseases. WHO shows that India has 32 million diabetic subjects and this is projected to increase to 100 million by the year 2035. It is obvious that we need to put in place preventive measures. But before instituiting preventive measures we must know who is at risk for these diseases. Here comes Metabolic syndrome, a deadly combination of Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity. The concept of the metabolic syndrome is perhaps the most significant development in the management of cardiovascular diseases in the last 10 years. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES : 1. To study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Type 2 Diabetics and Non-Diabetics. 2. To study the sex distribution and Age distribution in patients with metabolic syndrome among Type 2 Diabetics and Non-Diabetics. 3. To study the influence of metabolic syndrome on risk of CAD among Type 2 Diabetics and Non-Diabetics. 4. To study the risk of individual components of Metabolic syndrome on occurrence of CAD among Type 2 Diabetics and Non-Diabetics. 5. To study the influence of glycemic control in CAD among Type 2 Diabetics. MATERIALS AND METHODS : This study is an observational study conducted in a major public hospital from June 2004 to September 2006 and included total of 70 Diabetics and 50 Non-diabetics. The reference population is Tamil speaking population belonging to lower and low middle socio-economic status attending government hospitals. The experimental population were all > 40yrs and taken from Diabetic outpatients department, general OPD and general wards. Inclusion criteria : 1. Males and females >40 yrs attending OPD for other illness [for Non-Diabetic population], 2. Known Diabetics on treatment/not on treatment; Newly detected Diabetics according to American Diabetes Association guidelines. Exclusion criteria : 1. Smokers, alcoholics, 2. Age <40 yrs, 3. Type1 Diabetics, 4. Diseases that affect lipid profile like hypothyroidsm, cushing’s syndrome, chronic Renal failure, Nephrotic syndrome, and those with TGL levels >350 mg /dl, 5. Family history of premature CAD [< 45 years in first degree male relatives and < 55 years in female relatives], 6. Patients with Valvular heart disease, primary cardiomyopathies, 7. Pregnant ladies and those who are on oral contraceptives, 8. Those who are on Drugs affecting lipid profile (Thiazides and Metformin and Tniazolidinediones β-blockers, statins, Nicotinic acid, fibric acid derivatives). CONCLUSIONS : 1. (a) The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Type 2 Diabetics in our study is 70%. (b) The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among non-Diabetics is 30%. 2. There was no significant difference found in prevalence of metabolic syndrome in males and females among both Diabetics and non-Diabetics. 3. There was a clear increase in prevalence of metabolic syndrome found with increasing age in both the study population. 4. No statistically significant association between glycaemic control and CAD occurrence. 5. A Statistically significant association was found between MS and CAD among Diabetics and Non-Diabetics. 6. Among all the components of Metabolic syndrome low HDL was found to be the strong predictor of CAD in both the study population. Thus it is concluded that: 1. Presence of metabolic syndrome influences risk of CAD among both Diabetics and Non-diabetics. 2. HDL can be used as a surrogate marker for CAD occurrence among diabetics and general population

A serious gaming approach to managing interference in ad hoc femtocell wireless networks

The aim of this paper is to optimize femtocell performance by managing interference between femtocell devices and between a femtocell and a macrocell. It achieves this using a three-phase approach that involves deployment of femtocells and control of resulting connections through consideration and management of path loss, transmission power, signal strength and coverage area. Simulation experiments of the proposed three-phase approach at a local college that experiences a poor service from the macrocell predict significant improvements in femtocell performance in terms of managing both types of interference: co-tier and cross-tier, number of users who experience good service, coverage, and mitigating outage probability. The overall and individual complexity of each phase has also been considered. Our approach has been compared with some existing techniques chosen from the literature that has been reviewed and its predicted performance is significantly improved in comparison to these

Evaluation of free radical scavenging activity of various extracts of leaves from Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn.

The present study was aimed to investigate the in vitro free radical scavenging activity of various leaf extracts (aqueous, methanol, acetone chloroform and petroleum ether) of Kedrostis foetidissima. In vitro free radical scavenging activities of the extracts were assessed against DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. The metal chelating activity and reducing power ability of the extracts were also determined. The free radical scavenging activity was found to be high in methanolic extract for DPPH and hydroxyl radicals in a concentration dependent manner followed by chloroform, aqueous, acetone and petroleum ether extracts. The metal chelating activity and reducing power ability was also found to be high in methanolic extract. The difference in scavenging potential of the extracts may be due to variation in the percentage of phytoconstituents extracted in various solvents. Thus the result suggests that the methanolic leaf extract of K. foetidissima could serve as a potential source of antioxidants and can be explored as a therapeutic agent in free radical induced diseases

On-chip Silicon photonics assisted frequency doubling and pulse generation

We present a Silicon photonics assisted RF signal processing, in particular, frequency doubling and RF pulse generation. We demonstrate frequency doubling till 10 GHz using silicon PN ring resonator and we present a detailed study on the effect of carrier offset on the power and linewidth of the up-converted RF signal by increasing the Local Oscillator(LO) frequency. We also demonstrate a photonics approach of pulse generation using an on-chip Silicon PN Mach-Zehnder modulator, where RF-signal frequency between 1-12 GHz could be fed and pulsed at various rates from 100-0.1 millisecond

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Not AvailableMethanol, a by-product associated with plant metabolism, is a substrate for pink pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs) of phyllosphere. The symbiotic interaction of PPFMs has many desirable effects on plant growth and disease resistance. The present study investigated the potential of native PPFMs for mitigating biotic stress and plant growth promotion in ginger. PPFMs were isolated from ginger phyllosphere by leaf imprint technique and screened against major fungal phytopathogens of ginger viz. Macrophomina phaseolina, Sclerotium rolfsii, Pythium myriotylum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Fusarium oxysporum. Among the 60 PPFMs, IISRGPPFM13 was selected for its highly inhibitory activity against the target pathogens. The isolate was useful for mineral solubility, production of IAA, siderophores and hydrolytic enzymes like cellulase, pectinase, lipase, amylase and chitinase. On in planta experiments revealed that IISRGPPFM13 considerably increased plant growth parameters when the bacterium was applied as soil drenching cum foliar spraying. Methanol utilization potential of the isolate was confirmed by mxaF gene analysis where the sequence showing 95.51% identity towards Methylobacterium platani and M. iners. Further, 16S rRNA gene sequence showing 98.73% identity with M. komagatae 002-079 T (AB252201). This is the first report of its kind that a genus of Methylobacterium with biostimulant potential isolated from the phyllosphere of ginger.Not Availabl

Lateral Dopant Diffusion Length Measurements Using Silicon Microring Resonators

An electro-optic device in silicon such as a photodetector and a modulator requires doping to realize desired junctions. Doping Si is typically done using ion-implantation or the thermal diffusion process. Both processes rely on high-temperature anneal to either activate or drive the dopant into the bulk. As diffusion of dopants is a thermally driven process, knowledge of actual diffusion lengths is essential for efficient device designs. Unlike other methods, we present an integrated-silicon-photonic-device-based lateral diffusion length characterization technique. A silicon microring resonator is used as a test device for the demonstration in a silicon-on-insulator substrate. Lateral diffusion lengths of 0.35 and 0.69 mu m have been obtained for the drive-in temperatures of 950 degrees C and 1100 degrees C, respectively. We also present process simulation results to validate the experimental result

International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences RESEARCH ARTICLE BIOCHEMISTRY ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PLEUROTUS EOUS (BERK.) SACC.: (APK1) PINK EDIBLE OYSTER MUSHROOM

Pleurotus eous is an edible oyster mushroom currently available in Southern part of India. There is no information about the antioxidant and therapeutic properties of this mushroom. Pleurotus eous aqueous extract (PEAE) were prepared and analysed for their antioxidant activity by in vitro assays such as DPPH, hydroxyl radicals, Ferric Thiocyanate (FTC) and Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) test. The nephroprotective effect was determined by cisplatin administration which induces a marked renal failure in swiss albino mice and on extract treatment at 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight, the destroyed renal cells were regenerated. The present study reveals the medicinal beneficial effects of this mushroom which have not been explored so far. The active components responsible for these activities have to be determined. This article can be downloaded from www.ijpbs.net B- 92KEYWORD

Silicon-photonic-assisted on-chip RF signal processing

We present a Silicon-photonic-assisted RF signal processing, in particular, frequency up conversion and RF pulse generation. For frequency up-conversion, we use compact silicon PN micro-ring modulator to frequency double the input RF signal. Experimentally we report an up-conversion of the baseband to a maximum of 12 GHz covering L, S, C and X band. We achieve a maximum suppression of 30 dB of the baseband at the output. The extinction could be improved by operating the ring modulator at the critical coupling. We present a detailed study on the effect of the optical carrier offset from the resonance wavelength and its effect on the suppression and the upconverted RF linewidth. Using the same platform, we also demonstrate RF-pulse generation using a PN Mach-Zehnder modulator. An RF modulated optical carrier, and an RF signal can be fed to the MZM to create pulsed RF of desired pulse width and rate. As a demonstrator, we show that RF-signal of frequency between L-X band could be fed and pulsed at various rates from 100-0.1 millisecond. The two examples demonstrate the feasibility of the Silicon Photonics Platform for building photonic assisted RF technology