The politics of "Roma inclusion" at the 52nd venice art biennale

At its 52nd edition, the Venice Biennale featured an ethnic collective: the Roma Pavilion. This particular edition signified an important decision on the part of the Biennial's organizers in their willingness to incorporate Europe's largest ethnic minority into the body of an international blockbuster exhibition. By taking into account the consequences of the collapse of communist regime in the Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, the enlargement of the EU and the effects of neoliberal policies in the region, this article explores the ways in which the politics of "Roma inclusion" played out in this art exhibition. Considering the project called the "decade of Roma inclusion 2005-2015" that is supported by the Open Society Institute and the World Bank, and endorsed by the prime ministers of eight CEE countries, this question is very timely: did this particular place of Roma art, sponsored by philanthropy in the corporate environment of a major art institution, aim for negotiating the Roma's "particular political vocabulary" in need to be visible to the diverse Roma populations around Europe or was this exhibition part of the institutional creativity aimed at the socio-political integration of the former communist Europe into the global economic circuits

The Effect of Information and Communication Technology on Energy Consumption in the European Union Countries

The effect of information and communication technology on energy consumption has become an important issue in recent years. However, in the existing literature the number of studies which analyze this issue empirically is very low. This study examines the influence of information and communication technology on electricity consumption in the European Union countries over the period 1990-2012. The results of the empirical analysis indicate that information and communication technology leads to an increase in electricity consumption in the European Union countries over the long-run. Keywords: Information and communication technology, electricity consumption, European Union countries. Jel Codes: C33, E21, O33, O52, Q43

An overview of external imbalances in the Western Balkan Countries

The Western Balkan countries have undergone dramatic economic transformations since the beginning of the 21st century. However, in spite of a complicated reform process launched after the political and economic instability of 1990s, the countries still lag way behind EU member states. What makes it so difficult for them to catch up with more developed economies of the continent? Cigdem Borke Tunali provides an analysis from an economic standpoint

Incidence of Fusarium species and levels of fumonisin B1 in corn in the Samsun province of Turkey

The contamination of corn with fumonisin produced by Fusarium species represents an important risk for humans and animals. The incidence of Fusarium spp. and contamination by fumonisin B1 (FB1) were studied in field samples from 70 fields of corn during the 2005 and 2006 preharvest seasons in the province of Samsun, Turkey. Fusarium was the predominant genus isolated from the field samples, with F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans being the most commonly isolated species. The occurrence of Fusarium spp. varied each year, from 97.14% to 78.57% in 2005 and 2006, respectively. The widespread occurrence of FB1 was also observed across the Samsun province. All corn samples infected with F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans tested positive for FB1, but none were infected with FB2. Levels of FB1 ranged from 0.28 to 8.48 mg kg-1 in 2005 and from 0.11 to 2.77 mg kg-1 in 2006. The concentration of FB1 was lower than 2 mg kg-1 in 63.6% of the samples, 28.8% contained from 2 mg kg-1 to 5 mg kg-1, while 7.6% contained more than 5 mg kg-1. Our study shows that corn contamination with both Fusarium and FB1 was present throughout the Samsun province, but it was strongly dependent on environmental and seasonal conditions. However, there was no Fusarium contamination in certain native white-type and popcorn-type cultivars in 2005 and 2006.La contamination du maïs par la fumonisine produite par des espèces de Fusarium présente un risque important pour les humains et les animaux. L’incidence des espèces de Fusarium et la contamination par la fumonisine B1 (FB1) ont été étudiées durant la saison précédant la récolte en 2005 et 2006 dans des échantillons provenant de 70 champs de maïs de la province de Samsun, en Turquie. Fusarium était le genre prédominant dans les échantillons de champ, F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum et F. subglutinans étant les espèces les plus communément isolées. La présence d’espèces de Fusarium variait d’une année à l’autre, passant de 97,14 % à 78,57 % en 2005 et 2006, respectivement. La présence très répandue de FB1 a également été observée dans la province de Samsun. Tous les échantillons de maïs infectés par F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum et F. subglutinans étaient contaminés par la FB1, mais aucun n’était contaminé par la FB2. Le niveau d’infection par la FB1 variait entre 0,28 et 8,48 mg kg-1 en 2005 et entre 0,11 et 2,77 mg kg-1 en 2006. La concentration de FB1 était inférieure à 2 mg kg-1 dans 63,6 % des échantillons, 28,8 % en contenait de 2 mg kg-1 à 5 mg kg-1, alors que 7,6 % en contenait plus de 5 mg kg-1. Notre étude montre que la contamination du maïs par le Fusarium et la FB1 est répandue à travers la province de Samsun, mais qu’elle dépend fortement des conditions environnementales et saisonnières. Toutefois, certains cultivars indigènes de types blanc et popcorn n’étaient pas contaminés par le Fusarium en 2005 et 2006

Introduction to Contemporary Art Across Political Divides

This book addresses the need for a more sustained knowledge and multidisciplinary understanding of what art and artists can do to create democratic spaces, forms and languages in a world devastated by multiple crises. The book’s main inquiry is whether contemporary art can or cannot cultivate an “agonistic” way of togetherness and facilitate difficult conversations through a multitude of contradictions, diverging views and conflicting visions. With Marxist, feminist and ecologist perspectives, the contributors analyze contemporary art worlds across the globe in relation to memory, conflict, trauma, transitional justice, social engagement, social resistance and activism. In this volume artists, activists, art historians and curators respond to the scholarly need to conduct timely and critical analyses of art across political divides in both informing and echoing the public search for agency, dialogue and self-representation. Secondly, they analyze how artists across the world transform these social relations through aesthetic means with a shared commitment to bridge political divides and conflicts. The book also investigates the attempts to articulate the counter-narratives and practices of anti-dialogism in terms of whitewashing public murals and censoring artworks. The case studies from Australia, India, Mexico, Turkey, Palestine, Israel, Poland and Italy discuss the possibility or impossibility of building avenues for participation, equitable interaction, self-organization, the common creation of the imaginary and imagining a culture of dialogue. They discuss the possibility or impossibility of building avenues for participation, equitable interaction, self-organization, the common creation of the imaginary, and a culture of dialogue. The sophisticated discussions of aesthetic and political struggles over the meaning of democracy in both academia and the art world is very timely. The book pushes these discussions for a broader and more conflict-oriented understanding of art and politics and explores the ways in which contemporary art forms can sublimate antagonism into an agonistic way of co-existence

Effects of the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on the yield and quality of the hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mixture

This study was intended to determine the effects of nitrogen (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha-1) and phosphorus rates (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg P2O5 ha-1) on dry matter yield, hairy vetch ratio, crude protein yield, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total digestible nutrient (TDN) of hairy vetch-barley mixture (50:50) in Bursa-Turkey in 2009 to 2010 and 2010 to 2011 growing years. Dry matter and crude protein yields were affected by nitrogen rates, and the highest dry matter and crude protein yields were determined at 30 kg N ha-1. Phosphorus rates significantly affected most of the components determined in this study. The highest values of dry matter and crude protein yields, hairy vetch ratio and TDN and the lowest value of ADF content were obtained at 30 kg P2O5 ha-1. 30 kg N ha-1 and 30 kg P2O5 ha-1 may be recommended to be applied on hairy vetch-barley mixture in the similar experimental ecologies in order to produce economically high and quality forage product.Key words: Hairy vetch, barley, mixture, nitrogen, phosphorus, dry matter yield, crude protein yield