1,904 research outputs found
A Dynamic Characterization of Efficiency
The definition and measurement of dynamic economic performance has been addressed obliquely in the literature with the notions of scope economies and capacity utilization measures, but little work has focused on develop the static theory analogs of efficiency measures into the dynamic context. This paper is an attempt to identify some of the conceptual and methodological issues to be addressed. A model allowing for dynamic production decisions in the face of inefficiency is presented to illustrate some of the issues and the extensions necessary to identify truly dynamic performance measures.
A Dynamic Characterization of Efficiency
The definition and measurement of dynamic economic performance has been addressed obliquely in the literature with the notions of scope economies and capacity utilization measures, but little work has focused on develop the static theory analogs of efficiency measures into the dynamic context. This paper is an attempt to identify some of the conceptual and methodological issues to be addressed. A model allowing for dynamic production decisions in the face of inefficiency is presented to illustrate some of the issues and the extensions necessary to identify truly dynamic performance measures.Agricultural and Food Policy, Production Economics,
The Dynamics of Efficiency and Productivity Growth in U. S. Electric Utilities
This study recognizes explicitly the efficiency gain or loss as a source in explaining the growth. A theoretically consistent method to estimate the decomposition of dynamic total factor productivity growth (TFP) in the presence of inefficiency is developed which is constructed from an extension of the dynamic TFP growth, adjusted for deviations from the long-run equilibrium within an adjustment cost framework. The empirical case study is to U.S. electric utilities, which provides a measure to evaluate how different electric utilities participate in the deregulation of electricity generation. TFP grew by 2.26 percent per annum with growth attributed to the combined scale effects of 0.34 percent, the combined efficiency effects of 0.69 percent, and the technical change effect of 1.22 percent. The dynamic TFP grew by 1.66 percent per annum for electric utilities located within states with the deregulation plan and 3.30 percent per annum for those located outside. Electric utilities located within states with the deregulation plan increased the outputs by improving technical and input allocative efficiencies more than those located outside of states with deregulation plans.productivity growth, adjustment costs, dynamic duality, inefficiency, decomposition, deregulation, e
Nonlinear interactions between high-Q optical and acoustic modes in dielectric particles
The interaction between acoustic breathing modes and optical Mie resonances in a spherical particle made
of a chalcogenide glass material is investigated by means of rigorous calculations, correct to any order
in the acousto-optic coupling parameter. Our results reveal the occurrence of strong effects beyond the
linear-response approximation, which lead to enhanced modulation of light by acoustic waves through
multiphonon exchange mechanisms when both photons and phonons have a very long lifetime inside the particle
Seismic reliability assessment of classical columns subjected to near-fault ground motions
A methodology for the performance-based seismic risk assessment of classical
columns is presented. Despite their apparent instability, classical columns
are, in general, earthquake resistant, as proven from the fact that many
classical monuments have survived many strong earthquakes over the centuries.
Nevertheless, the quantitative assessment of their reliability and the
understanding of their dynamic behavior are not easy, because of the
fundamental nonlinear character and the sensitivity of their response. In this
paper, a seismic risk assessment is performed for a multidrum column using
Monte Carlo simulation with synthetic ground motions. The ground motions
adopted contain a high- and low-frequency component, combining the stochastic
method, and a simple analytical pulse model to simulate the directivity pulse
contained in near source ground motions. The deterministic model for the
numerical analysis of the system is three-dimensional and is based on the
Discrete Element Method. Fragility curves are produced conditional on magnitude
and distance from the fault and also on scalar intensity measures for two
engineering demand parameters, one concerning the intensity of the response
during the ground shaking and the other the residual deformation of the column.
Three performance levels are assigned to each engineering demand parameter.
Fragility analysis demonstrated some of the salient features of these spinal
systems under near-fault seismic excitations, as for example, their decreased
vulnerability for very strong earthquakes of magnitude 7 or larger. The
analysis provides useful results regarding the seismic reliability of classical
monuments and decision making during restoration process
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