An investigation of a portfolio-loss under the CAPM

We consider a portfolio built according to the Capital Market Line of the Capital-Asset-Pricing Model. The universe of asset classes include marketable shares and bonds only. We investigate losses that emerge when the rate of return of the portfolio is lower than that required to fulfil a defined obligation. We will classify these losses and calculate upper limits for them.portfolio CAPM loss

Functional hybrid rubisco enzymes with plant small subunits and algal large subunits: engineered rbcS cDNA for expression in chlamydomonas.

There has been much interest in the chloroplast-encoded large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) as a target for engineering an increase in net CO(2) fixation in photosynthesis. Improvements in the enzyme would lead to an increase in the production of food, fiber, and renewable energy. Although the large subunit contains the active site, a family of rbcS nuclear genes encodes the Rubisco small subunits, which can also influence the carboxylation catalytic efficiency and CO(2)/O(2) specificity of the enzyme. To further define the role of the small subunit in Rubisco function, small subunits from spinach, Arabidopsis, and sunflower were assembled with algal large subunits by transformation of a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mutant that lacks the rbcS gene family. Foreign rbcS cDNAs were successfully expressed in Chlamydomonas by fusing them to a Chlamydomonas rbcS transit peptide sequence engineered to contain rbcS introns. Although plant Rubisco generally has greater CO(2)/O(2) specificity but a lower carboxylation V(max) than Chlamydomonas Rubisco, the hybrid enzymes have 3-11% increases in CO(2)/O(2) specificity and retain near normal V(max) values. Thus, small subunits may make a significant contribution to the overall catalytic performance of Rubisco. Despite having normal amounts of catalytically proficient Rubisco, the hybrid mutant strains display reduced levels of photosynthetic growth and lack chloroplast pyrenoids. It appears that small subunits contain the structural elements responsible for targeting Rubisco to the algal pyrenoid, which is the site where CO(2) is concentrated for optimal photosynthesis.This work was supported in part by Grant DE-FG02-00ER15044 from the United States Department of Energy

Zur Erforschung der Literatur von Frauen in der Moderne : theoretische Prämissen

Die Frage nach dem Stellenwert der Literatur von Frauen in der Moderne gewinnt Kontur vor allem über die Reflexion der Ausschlußmechanismen sowohl des zeitgenössischen Diskurses als auch jener Bereiche der aktuellen Theoriediskussion, die einen geschlechtsneutralen Denkraum zu besetzen wähnen. Entgegen einer Historiografie der Moderne, die auf die differenzierende Akzentuierung der Kategorie Geschlecht verzichten zu können glaubt, wird die feministische Forschung nicht müde nachzuweisen, daß sich die Moderne als Epoche geradezu auf der Basis der Geschlechterdifferenz konstituiert: Im Sinne einer longue durée gefaßt als neuzeitlicher Rationalisierungsprozeß, ist die Moderne jener Vorgang, in dem Frauen explizit als das Andere der Vernunft definiert und aus dessen politischen, ökonomischen und technischzivilisatorischen Entwicklungssträngen sie in der Folge ausgeblendet werden

The Odyssey: A Tale of Culture, Gods, and an Imperfect Hero

Undergraduate Textual or Investigativ

In Situ Dating of Multiple Events in Granulite-Facies Rocks of the Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, East Antarctica Using Electron Microprobe Analysis of Monazite

The metamorphic rocks exposed along the southeast coast of Prydz Bay were affected by several metamorphic and plutonic events associated with collision in the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian. Critical units exposed in the Larsemann Hills and nearby ice-free areas include (1) basement Søstrene Orthogneiss, (2) cover sequence Brattstrand Paragneiss and (3) anatectic pegmatites intrusive into the Brattstrand Paragneiss. Zircon U-Pb data from previous studies yielded a maximum depositional age of 1023 ± 19 Ma for the Brattstrand Paragneiss, but only approximate ca. 900 Ma to ca. 1000 Ma and ca. 530 Ma ages for two metamorphic events. In order to constrain the timing of these two events, stages of these events, and anatexis resulting in pegmatites, monazite in the three units was dated in-situ with the electron microprobe. Entire thin sections were mapped with either the electron microprobe or SEM in order to locate monazite grains and to show the petrologic context of the monazite grains. Selected monazite grains were then mapped with the electron microprobe for U, Th, Y, and Pb to identify growth domains. Domains in a given sample having a similar chemical composition and occurring in grains sharing the same petrologic context are interpreted to constitute a single population that grew synchronously as a result of a specific metamorphic process. These populations were then dated and the dates of populations inferred to have formed as a result of the same stage of a metamorphic event were used to calculate the age of this stage. The results confirm that both the basement and cover sequence were affected by metamorphic events in the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian. Neoproterozoic metamorphism is dated at 911 ± 9 Ma (2σ uncertainties) which is consistent with previous studies. The spread in Cambrian ages for the Brattstrand Paragneiss is attributed to a clockwise P-T path. Monazite populations interpreted as representing peak conditions (estimated to be 6-7 kbar and 800-850˚C by previous research) yield an age of 537 ± 6 Ma. Early retrograde conditions are characterized by decompression (estimated to be 4.5 kbar by previous research) and partial melting. Monazite populations interpreted as representing this stage yield an age of 525 ± 3 Ma. Late retrograde metamorphism is characterized by further decompression and cooling and monazite populations interpreted as representing this stage yield an age of 512 ± 2 Ma. Dating of monazite in the pegmatites often gave contradictory results, however, the dates confirm that the analyzed pegmatites were emplaced synchronously with the Cambrian metamorphic event. The results indicate that rocks presently exposed in the Larsemann Hills were buried to mid-crustal depths during the Neoproterozoic metamorphic event at 911 ± 9 Ma and were subsequently exhumed to a shallower depth. At 537 ± 6 Ma during peak metamorphic conditions the Larsemann Hills were buried to a depth of 20 – 24 km and were raised to a depth of around 10 km by 512 ± 2 Ma when the Indo-Antarctic and Australo-Antarctic cratons collided