404 research outputs found
Ethiopian wolves conflict with pastoralists in small Afroalpine relicts
Conservation Biolog
Rabies in Endangered Ethiopian Wolves
With rabies emerging as a particular threat to wild canids, we report on a rabies outbreak in a subpopulation of endangered Ethiopian wolves in the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia, in 2003 and 2004. Parenteral vaccination of wolves was used to manage the outbreak
The Cryptic African Wolf: Canis aureus lupaster Is Not a Golden Jackal and Is Not Endemic to Egypt
The Egyptian jackal (Canis aureus lupaster) has hitherto been considered a large, rare subspecies of the golden jackal (C. aureus). It has maintained its taxonomical status to date, despite studies demonstrating morphological similarities to the grey wolf (C. lupus). We have analyzed 2055 bp of mitochondrial DNA from C. a. lupaster and investigated the similarity to C. aureus and C. lupus. Through phylogenetic comparison with all wild wolf-like canids (based on 726 bp of the Cytochrome b gene) we conclusively (100% bootstrap support) place the Egyptian jackal within the grey wolf species complex, together with the Holarctic wolf, the Indian wolf and the Himalayan wolf. Like the two latter taxa, C. a. lupaster seems to represent an ancient wolf lineage which most likely colonized Africa prior to the northern hemisphere radiation. We thus refer to C. a. lupaster as the African wolf. Furthermore, we have detected C. a. lupaster individuals at two localities in the Ethiopian highlands, extending the distribution by at least 2,500 km southeast. The only grey wolf species to inhabit the African continent is a cryptic species for which the conservation status urgently needs assessment
Threat analysis for more effective lion conservation
We use comparable 2005 and 2018 population data to assess threats driving the decline of lion Panthera leo populations, and review information on threats structured by problem tree and root cause analysis. We define 11 threats and rank their severity and prevalence. Two threats emerged as affecting both the number of lion populations and numbers within them: livestock depredation leading to retaliatory killing of lions, and bushmeat poaching leading to prey depletion. Our data do not allow determination of whether any specific threat drives declines faster than others. Of 20 local extirpations, most were associated with armed conflicts as a driver of proximate threats. We discuss the prevalence and severity of proximate threats and their drivers, to identify priorities for more effective conservation of lions, other carnivores and their prey
People and jaguars: New insights into the role of social factors in an old conflict
Throughout its range in Latin America, the jaguar Panthera onca is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, and by conflict as a result of coexistence with people. This Near Threatened species is a top predator, and is often illegally hunted. Understanding people's attitudes and perceptions and the factors that could influence them is crucial for the conservation of this species. In this study we assess how knowledge, attitudes and perceptions among people in northern Argentina regarding jaguars vary depending on their level of education, age and occupation. We interviewed 810 people living in and around 10 protected areas in northern Argentina. Positive perceptions and attitudes towards the jaguar were associated with economic benefits that people may receive from the species' presence, such as income from tourism. Unexpectedly, higher levels of formal education were not associated with more positive attitudes and perceptions. Negative attitudes and perceptions towards the species were determined by fear; people see jaguars as a threat to their lives. This study shows that the socio-economic factors that affect the level of tolerance towards jaguars are not related only to economic losses. Our findings provide information for the design, implementation and evaluation of jaguar conservation projects in Argentina.Fil: Caruso, MarÃa Flavia. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Delegación Regional del Noroeste; Argentina. Jaguares En El LÃmite; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta; ArgentinaFil: Perovic, Pablo Gastón. Jaguares En El LÃmite; Argentina. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Delegación Regional del Noroeste; ArgentinaFil: Tálamo, Andrés. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Trigo, Carolina Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Andrade DÃaz, MarÃa S.. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Marás, Gustavo Arnaldo. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientÃficas y Técnicas. Centro CientÃfico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Saravia, Diego. Universidad Nacional de Salta; ArgentinaFil: Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio. University of Oxford; Reino Unido. The Recanati-Kaplan Centre; Reino Unido. Born Free Foundation; Reino UnidoFil: Altrichter, Mariana. Prescott college; Estados Unido
Helminth parasites in the endangered Ethiopian wolf, Canis simensis
Ethiopian wolves, Canis simensis, are an endangered carnivore endemic to the
Ethiopian highlands. Although previous studies have focused on aspects of
Ethiopian wolf biology, including diet, territoriality, reproduction and infectious
diseases such as rabies, little is known of their helminth parasites. In the current
study, faecal samples were collected from 94 wild Ethiopian wolves in the Bale
Mountains of southernEthiopia,betweenAugust 2008andFebruary 2010,andwere
screened for the presence of helminth eggs using a semi-quantitative volumetric
dilutionmethodwithmicroscopy.We found that 66 of the 94 faecal samples (70.2%)
contained eggs from at least one group of helminths, including Capillaria, Toxocara,
Trichuris, ancylostomatids, Hymenolepis and taeniids. Eggs of Capillaria sp. were
found most commonly, followed by Trichuris sp., ancylostomatid species and
Toxocara species. Three samples contained Hymenolepis sp. eggs, which were likely
artefacts from ingested prey species. Four samples contained taeniid eggs, one of
whichwas copro-polymerase chain reaction (copro-PCR) and sequence positive for
Echinococcus granulosus, suggesting a spillover from a domestic parasite cycle into
this wildlife species. Associations between presence/absence of Capillaria, Toxocara
and Trichuris eggs were found; and egg burdens of Toxocara and ancylostomatids
were found to be associated with geographical location and sampling season.Institute for Breeding Rare and Endangered African Mammals (IBREAM), the
Born Free Foundation and the Wildlife Conservation Network. University of Salford.http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=JHL2016-01-31hb201
Does livestock predation reflect in negative local perceptions of Ethiopian wolves in South Wollo?
Conservation Biolog
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