15 research outputs found

    DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL MIXED FLOW DRYER DESIGN

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    Investigation of the drying airflow at a newly developed dryer geometry for mixed flow grain dryers

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    The mixed-flow dryer has been a matter of investigation many times regarding drying efficiency, dryer control, and performance enhancement over the past years. However, there is still considerable demand for optimization in terms of energy efficiency and homogeneity of drying. In order to analyze the specific energy consumption and the homogeneity of the drying process, different thermodynamic process conditions have been investigated for the conventional MFD design using numerical and experimental methods. Based on the results obtained, a novel dryer design has been developed. With this, a considerable increase of efficiency is expected. As the fluid dynamic analysis of the first design draft revealed, further development is required until scaling-up and transfer into practice will be possible. While homogeneous airflow conditions could be demonstrated in the core flow region in the center of the dryer, the configuration must be optimized in the near wall regions

    Experimente zum Partikelfluss an einer neu entwickelten Geometrie für Dächerschachttrockner

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    To preserve large mass flows of grain for long term storage, mixed-flow dryers (MFD) are increasingly used worldwide. Design elements which are unfavorably constructed or arranged can cause broad residence time distributions. Hence, locally different drying conditions occur followed by inhomogeneous drying. As a result, the specific energy consumption increases accompanied by economic and quality losses. With the objective of saving product quality and increasing energy efficiency a new dryer geometry was developed. To compare and evaluate the new design with the traditional geometry regarding solids transport, a series of semi-technical particle flow experiments were performed using wheat as bed material and colored tracer particles

    Telomere length varies with sex, hatching rank and year of birth in the Little Owl, <i>Athene noctua</i>

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    International audienceTelomeres are non-coding DNA sequences located at the end of linear chromosomes, protecting genome integrity. In numerous taxa, telomeres shorten with age and telomere length (TL) is positively correlated with longevity. Moreover, TL is also affected by environmental stressors and/or resource-demanding situations particularly during early-life. Thus, TL has been used as a physiological marker of individual quality and also as an indicator of population trend in conservation physiology. In this study, we investigated the effects of hatching rank, year of birth (2014 to 2017), sex and nest environment on TL of 137 Little Owls nestlings (Athene noctua). Little Owls' populations in Europe showed a marked declined in the end of the 20th century. Nowadays, in the studied Alsatian population, the population is increasing. In this study, our results indicated that telomeres are longer in females and, independently of sex, in nestlings with the highest body condition. There was also a negative effect of hatching rank but only for last-hatched nestlings in large clutches of 5 nestlings. We did not find any effect of the environmental covariates on nestlings' TL. Finally, we found that nestlings' TL were shorter the last year of the study, while nestlings' body condition stayed unchanged over the same period. This result is intriguing given the local positive population dynamics and is further discussed in the context of physiological conservation. Future studies should investigate the link between reduced TL and survival prospects in this species

    Process optimization of mixed flow dryers for drying agricultural crops

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    Dächerschachttrockner kommen meist dann zum Einsatz, wenn große Mengen an Getreide, Mais und Sojabohnen haltbar gemacht werden müssen. Obwohl der Prozess der konvektiven Trocknung bereits umfangreich untersucht wurde und Stand der Technik bei der thermischen Getreidekonservierung ist, bestehen noch immer Wissenslücken in der Beschreibung des Gesamtprozesses und vor allem ein großes Optimierungspotenzial in der konstruktiven Gestaltung der zur Trocknung verwendeten Apparate. Durch verfahrenstechnische Analyse und Entwicklung des Trocknungsapparates können erhebliche Fortschritte in der Prozess- und Produktqualität bei der Getreidetrocknung erzielt werden. Dazu ist es notwendig, das Wissen über den Dächerschachttrockner durch Untersuchung der Teilprozesse der Partikelbewegung, Luftströmung sowie der Wärme- und Stoffübertragung zu erweitern. Basierend auf experimentellen und numerischen Untersuchungen dieser Prozesse mittels diskreter Partikelmodellierung und numerischer Strömungssimulation wurden verschiedene, innovative Trocknerkonfigurationen entwickelt. Diese führen zu einer Homogenisierung der Trocknungsbedingungen, zu einer besseren Ausnutzung des Trocknungspotenzials der Luft und damit zu höheren Trocknungseffizienz

    Measuring Device for Air Speed in Macroporous Media and Its Application Inside Apple Storage Bins

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    In cold storage facilities of fruit and vegetables, airflow is necessary for heat removal. The design of storage facilities influences the air speed in the surrounding of the product. Therefore, knowledge about airflow next to the product is important to plan the layout of cold stores adapted to the requirements of the products. A new sensing device (ASL, Air speed logger) is developed for omnidirectional measurement of air speed between fruit or vegetables inside storage bins or in bulk. It consists of four interconnected plastic spheres with 80 mm diameter each, adapted to the size of apple fruit. In the free space between the spheres, silicon diodes are fixed for the airflow measurement based on a calorimetric principle. Battery and data logger are mounted inside the spheres. The device is calibrated in a wind tunnel in a measuring range of 0–1.3 m/s. Air speed measurements in fruit bulks on laboratory scale and in an industrial fruit store show air speeds in gaps between fruit with high stability at different airflow levels. Several devices can be placed between stored products for determination of the air speed distribution inside bulks or bin stacks in a storage room
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