Knowledge how in philosophy of action

I maintain that an account of knowledge how to do something – an account which might be supposed to uncover ‘the nature’ of such knowledge – can't be got by considering what linguists tell us is expressed in ascriptions of knowing how. Attention must be paid to the knowledge that is actually being exercised when someone is doing something. I criticize some claims about ascriptions of knowledge-how which derive from contemporary syntactic and semantic theory. I argue that these claims can no more provide an understanding of what it is to intend to do something than of what it is to know how to do something. Philosophy, not linguistics, must be the source of such understanding

Keynote Address: Stories in the Development of Bankruptcy Law

Cite as: 42 Golden Gate U. L. Rev. 539 (2012)

Optimization of a rice cooking method using response surface methodology with desirability function approach to minimize pesticide concentration

Rice is contaminated with pesticides applied in pre and post-harvest. These contaminations could be reduced through household operations like washing and cooking. Therefore, in the present research, a pre-soaking rice cooking method was used to reduce pesticides residues. Response Surface Methodology with Central Composite Design was applied to minimize pesticides concentration by choosing the best soaking time and water:rice grain relation before cooking. A quadratic polynomial equation was obtained. Desirability function approach gave the optimal cooking conditions as 14 h soaking time and water:rice grain relation of 3. This process allowed a pesticide elimination of 100.0 %, 93.5 %, 98.4 %, 98.5 %, 99.0 %, and 95.0 %, of azoxystrobin, cyproconazole, deltamethrin, epoxiconazole, kresoxim-methyl and penconazole, respectively.Fil: Medina, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación; ArgentinaFil: Resnik, Silvia Liliana. Fundación de Investigaciones Científicas "Teresa Benedicta de la Cruz"; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Munitz, Martín Sebastián. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación; Argentin

Occurrence of fungicide residues on Argentinean blueberry fruit and juice samples

Azoxystrobin, boscalid, cyprodinil, fludioxonil and pyraclostrobin are fungicides commonly used in Argentina against different fungus contaminations in the blueberry field. The presence of these fungicides was investigated in 50 samples of blueberry fruit and 15 samples of blueberry juice purchased in Argentina. Fungicide residues were determined by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography with micro-electron capture and nitrogen phosphorous detector. The average concentrations of azoxystrobin were 48 ug/kg in blueberry fruit. Average of boscalid were 43 and 239 ug/kg, of cyprodinil 1581 and 852 ug/kg, of fludioxonil 1077 and 2842 g/kg, and of pyraclostrobin 578 and 3414 ug/kg, in fruits and juice respectively. The higher concentrations of fungicides were found in those cases where the time between the application of the compound and the fruit’s commercialization was shorter than the fungicide’s half-life.Fil: Munitz, Martín Sebastián. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación; ArgentinaFil: Resnik, Silvia Liliana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Industrias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Montti, M.. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación; ArgentinaFil: Medina, María Belén. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencias de la Alimentación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Occurrence of fungicide residues on Argentinean blueberry fruit and juice samples

Azoxystrobin, boscalid, cyprodinil, fludioxonil and pyraclostrobin are fungicides commonly used in Argentina against different fungus contaminations in the blueberry field. The presence of these fungicides was investigated in 50 samples of blueberry fruit and 15 samples of blueberry juice purchased in Argentina. Fungicide residues were determined by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography with micro-electron capture and nitrogen phosphorous detector. The average concentrations of azoxystrobin were 48 µg/kg in blueberry fruit. Average of boscalid were 43 and 239 µg/kg, of cyprodinil 1581 and 852 µg/kg, of fludioxonil 1077 and 2842 g/kg, and of pyraclostrobin 578 and 3414 µg/kg, in fruits and juice respectively. The higher concentrations of fungicides were found in those cases where the time between the application of the compound and the fruit’s commercialization was shorter than the fungicide’s half-life