Selectivity of interaction of spin-labelled lipids with peripheral proteins bound to dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol bilayers, as determined by ESR spectroscopy.

The selectivity of interaction between spin-labelled lipids and the peripheral proteins, apocytochrome c, cytochrome c, lysozyme and polylysine has been studied using ESR spectroscopy. Derivatives of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylinositol (PI), diphosphatidylglycerol (CL) and diacylglycerol (DG) spin-labelled at the 5-C atom position of the sn-2 chain were used to study the association of these proteins with bilayers of dimyristoylphosphatidylglycero. Binding of the proteins increased the outer hyperfine splitting in the ESR spectra of the lipid spin labees to an extent which depended both on the spin-labelled lipid species involved and on the particular protein. The order of selectivity for apocytochrome c follows the sequence: PI−>CL−≈DG PS−>PC±>PG−>PE±. The selectivity pattern for cytochrome c is: PI−>PG−>CL−>DG PS−≈PC±>PE±; for lysozyme is: CL−>PG−>DG PE−>PC±PS−>PI−; and that for polylysine is: CL−>PS−⩾PG−>PI−>PC±>DG PE+-. The overall strength of interaction is in the order lysozyme>cytochrome c>apcoytochrome c, for equivalent binding, and the spread of the selectivity for the different proteins is in the reverse order. Assuming fast exchange for the ESR spectra of the 5-C atom labelled lipids, the relative association constants of the different labels with the different proteins have been estimated

An Introduction to 3D User Interface Design

3D user interface design is a critical component of any virtual environment (VE) application. In this paper, we present a broad overview of three-dimensional (3D) interaction and user interfaces. We discuss the effect of common VE hardware devices on user interaction, as well as interaction techniques for generic 3D tasks and the use of traditional two-dimensional interaction styles in 3D environments. We divide most user interaction tasks into three categories: navigation, selection/manipulation, and system control. Throughout the paper, our focus is on presenting not only the available techniques, but also practical guidelines for 3D interaction design and widely held myths. Finally, we briefly discuss two approaches to 3D interaction design, and some example applications with complex 3D interaction requirements. We also present an annotated online bibliography as a reference companion to this article

PICOZOOM: A context sensitive multimodal zooming interface

This paper introduces a novel zooming interface deploying a pico projector that, instead of a second visual display, leverages audioscapes for contextual information. The technique enhances current flashlight metaphor approaches, supporting flexible usage within the domain of spatial augmented reality to focus on object or environment-related details. Within a user study we focused on quantifying the projection limitations related to depiction of details through the pico projector and validated the interaction approach. The quantified results of the study correlate pixel density, detail and proximity, which can greatly aid to design more effective, legible zooming interfaces for pico projectors - the study can form an example testbed that can be applied well for testing aberrations with other projectors. Furthermore, users rated the zooming technique using audioscapes well, showing the validity of the approach. The studies form the foundation for extending our work by detailing out the audio-visual approach and looking more closely in the role of real-world features on interpreting projected content

Crossmodal content binding in information-processing architectures

Operating in a physical context, an intelligent robot faces two fundamental problems. First, it needs to combine information from its different sensors to form a representation of the environment that is more complete than any of its sensors on its own could provide. Second, it needs to combine high-level representations (such as those for planning and dialogue) with its sensory information, to ensure that the interpretations of these symbolic representations are grounded in the situated context. Previous approaches to this problem have used techniques such as (low-level) information fusion, ontological reasoning, and (high-level) concept learning. This paper presents a framework in which these, and other approaches, can be combined to form a shared representation of the current state of the robot in relation to its environment and other agents. Preliminary results from an implemented system are presented to illustrate how the framework supports behaviours commonly required of an intelligent robot

Nodal metasases and biomarkers in melanoma

Het melanoom veroorzaakt meer dan 75% van alle huid kanker gerelateerde mortaliteit en de incidentie van deze maligne huidaandoening heeft wereldwijd een grote vlucht genomen. De verwachting is dat die opwaartse trend zich zal voortzetten in de toekomst en dat het absolute aantal nieuwe patienten dat zich in 2015 zaJ presenteren met een melanoom in Nederland rond de 4800 is. Ondanks dat melanomen eerder vastgesteld lijken te worden met een toename aan dunnere melanomen, mogelijk als een gevolg van een toegenomen patient bewustzijn en toezicht, hebben patienten die zich presenteren met paJpabele klieren (AJCC stadium III) nog altijd een zeer matige prognose. Opvallend is met name de heterogeniteit in 5 jaar overleving uiteenlopend van 23% tot 87%. Voor deze patienten zou daarom een strategie gehanteerd kunnen worden waarbij in eerste instantie biomarkers bepaald worden. Enerzijds met het doel in een vroege fase een recidief te kunnen vaststellen maar met name om het stadierings proces te verfijnen voor deze heterogene groep. Dit proefschrift richt de aandacht op de melanoom patient met lymfogene metastasen en op de mogeliikheid om met behulp van biomarkers zoals S-100B (figuur 1) die specifieke hoog risico patient te identiticeren die in de toekomst overlevingsvoordeel zou kunnen hebben van systemische therapie

Nodal metasases and biomarkers in melanoma

Het melanoom veroorzaakt meer dan 75% van alle huid kanker gerelateerde mortaliteit en de incidentie van deze maligne huidaandoening heeft wereldwijd een grote vlucht genomen. De verwachting is dat die opwaartse trend zich zal voortzetten in de toekomst en dat het absolute aantal nieuwe patienten dat zich in 2015 zaJ presenteren met een melanoom in Nederland rond de 4800 is. Ondanks dat melanomen eerder vastgesteld lijken te worden met een toename aan dunnere melanomen, mogelijk als een gevolg van een toegenomen patient bewustzijn en toezicht, hebben patienten die zich presenteren met paJpabele klieren (AJCC stadium III) nog altijd een zeer matige prognose. Opvallend is met name de heterogeniteit in 5 jaar overleving uiteenlopend van 23% tot 87%. Voor deze patienten zou daarom een strategie gehanteerd kunnen worden waarbij in eerste instantie biomarkers bepaald worden. Enerzijds met het doel in een vroege fase een recidief te kunnen vaststellen maar met name om het stadierings proces te verfijnen voor deze heterogene groep. Dit proefschrift richt de aandacht op de melanoom patient met lymfogene metastasen en op de mogeliikheid om met behulp van biomarkers zoals S-100B (figuur 1) die specifieke hoog risico patient te identiticeren die in de toekomst overlevingsvoordeel zou kunnen hebben van systemische therapie

A health information platform for Case Managed Neglected Tropical Diseases - A case study from Mozambique

Leprosy, as one of the neglected tropical diseases, is an ancient disease that requires a slow and patient approach for its diagnosis and treatment involving various actors along the way. This care system has traditionally been supported by a paper based health information system still in use today in many endemic countries. In Mozambique, various attempts at modernizing the system have failed. The continued transmission of the disease is again highlighting the need for sharper strategic approaches supported by detailed information and better coordination between the various care actors in the system. This study coincided with the design and implementation of a new health information system for the case managed neglected tropical diseases (NTD) care sector in Mozambique. A Soft Systems Methodology (Action Research) approach was followed during this implementation process in an attempt to incorporate the perspectives of various actors and many institutional relationships that have an impact on the outcomes of this complex disease. The aim of the study was not only to identify factors that would contribute to the successful introduction of the health information system, but also to contribute to better knowledge management within this specific NTD care context. The study utilized group work, rich picture creation and individual interviews to build conceptual models for knowledge management in this context. It also tried to ground this by analyzing lessons from previous unsuccessful NTD information systems as well as the experiences from other countries in Africa where a similar infrastructure was implemented successfully

Structural Descriptions in Human-Assisted Robot Visual Learning

The paper presents an approach to using structural descriptions, obtained through a human-robot tutoring dialogue, as labels for the visual object models a robot learns. The paper shows how structural descriptions enable relating models for different aspects of one and the same object, and how being able to relate descriptions for visual models and discourse referents enables incremental updating of model descriptions through dialogue (either robot- or human-initiated). The approach has been implemented in an integrated architecture for human-assisted robot visual learning