1,257 research outputs found
N=1 supersymmetric path-integral Poisson-Lie duality
We extend the path-integral formulation of Poisson-Lie duality found by
Tyurin and von Unge to N=1 supersymmetric sigma-models. Using an explicit
representation of the generators of the Drinfel'd double corresponding to
GxU(1)^dimG we discuss an application to non-abelian duality. The paper also
contains the relevant background and some comments on Poisson-Lie duality.Comment: 23 pages,latex2e,no figures;v2:minor corrections;v3:misprints
corrected,final versio
Suicidal behaviour across the African continent:a review of the literature
Background: Suicide is a major cause of premature mortality worldwide, but data on its epidemiology in Africa,
the worldâs second most populous continent, are limited.
Methods: We systematically reviewed published literature on suicidal behaviour in African countries. We searched
PubMed, Web of Knowledge, PsycINFO, African Index Medicus, Eastern Mediterranean Index Medicus and African
Journals OnLine and carried out citation searches of key articles. We crudely estimated the incidence of suicide and
suicide attempts in Africa based on country-specific data and compared these with published estimates. We also
describe common features of suicide and suicide attempts across the studies, including information related to age,
sex, methods used and risk factors.
Results: Regional or national suicide incidence data were available for less than one third (16/53) of African
countries containing approximately 60% of Africaâs population; suicide attempt data were available for <20% of
countries (7/53). Crude estimates suggest there are over 34,000 (inter-quartile range 13,141 to 63,757) suicides per
year in Africa, with an overall incidence rate of 3.2 per 100,000 population. The recent Global Burden of Disease
(GBD) estimate of 49,558 deaths is somewhat higher, but falls within the inter-quartile range of our estimate. Suicide
rates in men are typically at least three times higher than in women. The most frequently used methods of suicide
are hanging and pesticide poisoning. Reported risk factors are similar for suicide and suicide attempts and include
interpersonal difficulties, mental and physical health problems, socioeconomic problems and drug and alcohol use/
abuse. Qualitative studies are needed to identify additional culturally relevant risk factors and to understand how risk
factors may be connected to suicidal behaviour in different socio-cultural contexts.
Conclusions: Our estimate is somewhat lower than GBD, but still clearly indicates suicidal behaviour is an
important public health problem in Africa. More regional studies, in both urban and rural areas, are needed to more
accurately estimate the burden of suicidal behaviour across the continent. Qualitative studies are required in
addition to quantitative studies
Seasonal progression of the zooplankton community in a high Arctic fjord and the main physical and biological drivers
Master i marin Ăžkologi - Nord universitet, 201
KundelĂžnnsomhet i bank : en casestudie av Sparebanken Sogn og Fjordane
Hovedtemaet i denne masterutredningen er hvordan man kan tilnĂŠrme seg fenomenet
kundelÞnnsomhet i bank. Vi har ved hjelp av to forskningsspÞrsmÄl forsÞkt Ä besvare vÄr
hovedproblemstilling:
Hvordan kan vi ved hjelp av dagens registreringssystem og tilgjengelige data
i Sparebanken Sogn og Fjordane utarbeide en kundelĂžnnsomhetsmodell?
Som problemstillingen indikerer, har vi tatt utgangspunkt i Ă©n casebank: Sparebanken Sogn
og Fjordane. Da banken selv ikke benytter seg av modeller for beregning av
kundelÞnnsomhet, valgte vi Ä gÄ inn og gjÞre en kostnadsanalyse. Hensikten var Ä
identifisere mest mulig kundedrevne kostnader, for senere Ă„ inkludere kostnadene i
kundelÞnnsomhetsmodeller. I tillegg til Ä finne kostnadsdrivere som kunne fordeles pÄ den
enkelte kunde, var det viktig for oss at kostnadene var beslutningsrelevante og at det ga
styringsmessig meningsfullhet Ă„ inkludere dem i modellene.
Som et ledd i vÄr utredning, har det vÊrt viktig Ä vurdere de faktiske observasjoner opp mot
teori. Derfor bygger utredningens teorigrunnlag i stor grad pÄ kostnadsbegreper, analyse av
disse, og senere anvendelse i forskjellige kalkulasjonsmetoder.
Et funn vi tidlig gjorde, var at bankens kostnadsstruktur er svĂŠrt kompleks, og dermed en
stor utfordring i vÄr sammenheng. Videre var det krevende Ä identifisere gode
kostnadsdrivere, da en svÊrt liten andel av kostnadene fordeles og registreres pÄ kundenivÄ.
Gjennom utredningen vil det komme frem at fordeling av alle kunderelaterte kostnader er
nĂŠrt umulig. Det lar seg likevel gjĂžre Ă„ lage modeller som fordeler noen av de kostnadene
som utgjĂžr den stĂžrste delen av kundelĂžnnsomhetselementet. FĂžlgelig er det mulig Ă„ gjĂžre
beregningen som til en viss grad besvarer spÞrsmÄlet mang en bedriftsleder sitter med: Hvor
lĂžnnsom er egentlig kunden min
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