500 research outputs found
Retention as a function of transfer paradign and introversion-extroversion
In an effort to investigate the effects of personality on paired-associate learning, sixty students from the Univer sity of Richmond were separated into three groups of extro vert, control, and introvert, on the basis of the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI). Five Ss from each group were randomly assigned to four paired-associate learning conditions (A-Br, A-C, C-B, C-D) and required to learn an A-B and a second paired-associate learning list to a criterion of one perfect score. Subjects were required to return to the lab after 24 hours for a retention test of both the second list and the original A-B list. Results of the experiment were exactly opposite of expectation, i.e., introverts rather than extroverts learned the A-B list in fewest number of trials to criterion, no significant difference between the personality groups and learning conditions was found, no significant difference between introverts and extroverts on the retention of the second and the original A-B list was observed. An explanation of the lack of significance was offered in terms of the small n (5) per cell, the learning habits of the Ss, the selection of the stimulus and response items, and the use of the paired-associate task for showing personality differences in learning
Biochemistry of glomerular basement membrane of the normal and diabetic human
The histological appearance of kidneys from patients with diabetic nephropathy is characterized by a variety of findings. The most characteristic finding is a diffuse and/or nodular glomerulosclerosis, consisting of thickening of the peripheral basement membranes and an increase of the mesangial matrix. The nodular transformation of the mesangium leads to the classical Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesion. These typical morphological findings have directed attention to the process and nature of basement membrane thickening. Also, it has been recognized for a long time that basement membrane thickening is dependent on the duration and metabolic control of diabetes mellitus [1â4]. The question of how basement membrane thickening and diabetes mellitus are related biochemically was less clear. This lack of clarity was mainly due to the fact that the chemical structure of the basement membrane was not known. Earlier chemical analyses were beset by methodological drawbacks limiting the value of the results [5, 6], whereas recent studies on the chemical composition of normal and diabetic human glomerular basement membranes (HGBM) produced conflicting results [7â13]. The isolation procedure and the source of the kidneys, as well as other factors, have been considered responsible for the different results obtained by various investigators. This prompted us to carry out further biochemical analyses on normal and diabetic HGBM under more carefully controlled conditions. Special attention has been paid to the source of kidneys and the evaluation of contamination of the isolated basement membranes
Partition Functions and Topology-Changing Amplitudes in the 3D Lattice Gravity of Ponzano and Regge
We define a physical Hilbert space for the three-dimensional lattice gravity
of Ponzano and Regge and establish its isomorphism to the ones in the
Chern-Simons theory. It is shown that, for a handlebody of any genus, a
Hartle-Hawking-type wave-function of the lattice gravity transforms into the
corresponding state in the Chern-Simons theory under this isomorphism. Using
the Heegaard splitting of a three-dimensional manifold, a partition function of
each of these theories is expressed as an inner product of such wave-functions.
Since the isomorphism preserves the inner products, the partition function of
the two theories are the same for any closed orientable manifold. We also
discuss on a class of topology-changing amplitudes in the lattice gravity and
their relation to the ones in the Chern-Simons theory.Comment: 32 pages + 20 figure
3-dimensional Gravity from the Turaev-Viro Invariant
We study the -deformed su(2) spin network as a 3-dimensional quantum
gravity model. We show that in the semiclassical continuum limit the
Turaev-Viro invariant obtained recently defines naturally regularized
path-integral la Ponzano-Regge, In which a contribution from
the cosmological term is effectively included. The regularization dependent
cosmological constant is found to be , where
. We also discuss the relation to the Euclidean Chern-Simons-Witten
gravity in 3-dimension.Comment: 11page
Mean-field analysis of a dynamical phase transition in a cellular automaton model for collective motion
A cellular automaton model is presented for random walkers with biologically
motivated interactions favoring local alignment and leading to collective
motion or swarming behavior. The degree of alignment is controlled by a
sensitivity parameter, and a dynamical phase transition exhibiting spontaneous
breaking of rotational symmetry occurs at a critical parameter value. The model
is analyzed using nonequilibrium mean field theory: Dispersion relations for
the critical modes are derived, and a phase diagram is constructed. Mean field
predictions for the two critical exponents describing the phase transition as a
function of sensitivity and density are obtained analytically.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, final version as publishe
An algebraic interpretation of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation
We make a direct connection between the construction of three dimensional
topological state sums from tensor categories and three dimensional quantum
gravity by noting that the discrete version of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is
exactly the pentagon for the associator of the tensor category, the
Biedenharn-Elliott identity. A crucial role is played by an asymptotic formula
relating 6j-symbols to rotation matrices given by Edmonds.Comment: 10 pages, amstex, uses epsf.tex. New version has improved
presentatio
Surface embedding, topology and dualization for spin networks
Spin networks are graphs derived from 3nj symbols of angular momentum. The
surface embedding, the topology and dualization of these networks are
considered. Embeddings into compact surfaces include the orientable sphere S^2
and the torus T, and the not orientable projective space P^2 and Klein's bottle
K. Two families of 3nj graphs admit embeddings of minimal genus into S^2 and
P^2. Their dual 2-skeletons are shown to be triangulations of these surfaces.Comment: LaTeX 17 pages, 6 eps figures (late submission to arxiv.org
Semiclassical short strings in AdS_5 x S^5
We present results for the one-loop correction to the energy of a class of
string solutions in AdS_5 x S^5 in the short string limit. The computation is
based on the observation that, as for rigid spinning string elliptic solutions,
the fluctuation operators can be put into the single-gap Lame' form. Our
computation reveals a remarkable universality of the form of the energy of
short semiclassical strings. This may help to understand better the structure
of the strong coupling expansion of the anomalous dimensions of dual gauge
theory operators.Comment: 12 pages, one pdf figure. Invited Talk at 'Nonlinear Physics. Theory
and Experiment VI', Gallipoli (Italy) - June 23 - July 3, 201
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Autonomous biomorphic robots as platforms for sensors
The idea of building autonomous robots that can carry out complex and nonrepetitive tasks is an old one, so far unrealized in any meaningful hardware. Tilden has shown recently that there are simple, processor-free solutions to building autonomous mobile machines that continuously adapt to unknown and hostile environments, are designed primarily to survive, and are extremely resistant to damage. These devices use smart mechanics and simple (low component count) electronic neuron control structures having the functionality of biological organisms from simple invertebrates to sophisticated members of the insect and crab family. These devices are paradigms for the development of autonomous machines that can carry out directed goals. The machine then becomes a robust survivalist platform that can carry sensors or instruments. These autonomous roving machines, now in an early stage of development (several proof-of-concept prototype walkers have been built), can be developed so that they are inexpensive, robust, and versatile carriers for a variety of instrument packages. Applications are immediate and many, in areas as diverse as prosthetics, medicine, space, construction, nanoscience, defense, remote sensing, environmental cleanup, and biotechnology
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