Hypersonic Flow of CO2-N2 Mixture around a Spacecraft during the Atmospheric Reentry

The aim of this work is to analyze a flow around the axisymmetric blunt body taken into account the chemical and vibrational nonequilibrium flow. This work concerns the entry of spacecraft in the atmosphere of the planet Mars. Since the equations involved are non-linear partial derivatives, the volume method is the only way to solve this problem. The choice of the mesh and the CFL is a condition for the convergence to have the stationary solution

Islamic defensive architecture along the eastern coast of Algeria: the Fusula Ribat and its mosque (Annaba)

[EN] The ribat in Bouna (present day Annaba), also called the Fusula Ribat, dominates the promontory of the hill with the same name and overlooks the port of the town. This defensive structure, whose typology dates from the Fatimid period, belonged to a chain of ribats marking Islamic territory along the length of the Mediterranean coast. It was concealed under the Sidi Boumerouane Mosque. Thus, through a series of transformations, the site became a veritable military-religious complex. The recent process of patrimonialization, as well as the restoration project at the complex, has revealed the structure of the ribat, leaning against the wall and essentially forming the foundations of the first mosque of the town. The aim of this article is, on the one hand, to bring new knowledge, as much technical as historical, about this fortified structure, which has largely been ignored by historical research until now, and on the other, to carry out the restoration project of this edifice, which has now been classed as national heritage.Chergui, S.; Haoui, S. (2020). Islamic defensive architecture along the eastern coast of Algeria: the Fusula Ribat and its mosque (Annaba). Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 29-36. https://doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2020.2020.11373OCS293