Estimation of evapotranspiration at different scales using traditional and remote sensing techniques

Water and its use or loss is critically important in the Southwestern United States where population growth is rapidly approaching the limit of available drinking water. It is therefore important to gain an understanding of water use by native and non-native species to ensure that sufficient water remains to maintain native ecosystems. This study examines water loss by the non-native tree species Tamarix ramosissima (saltcedar) at the leaf, branch and whole stand level using traditional methodologies as well as remote sensing. Transpiration measurements were estimated for open and closed stands of Tamarix ramosissima (saltcedar) at two sites within a desert riparian corridor on the lower Virgin River floodplain, southern Nevada. One site (open and closed stands) was within 10 meters of the river channel (River site), and the other site (open and closed stands) was more than 50 meters from the river channel near a Bowen ratio tower (Bowen site). At the leaf level, mid-morning stomatal conductances in trees from the River site were nearly three times higher than the Bowen site for all dates during the summer growing seaSon At the branch level, the results from sap flow measurements were not as clear-cut. While mean daily, accumulated sap flows were higher for the River site in comparison to the Bowen site, these differences were only significant for one date for each stand density. A comparison of the April 1994 and April 1996 remotely sensed data demonstrate the marked negative impact of a flood-induced channel diversion on downstream transpiration. Additionally, it was quite evident from the ET maps that even within apparently homogeneous closed stands there is a high degree of variability in transpiration

Inelastic molecular scattering

Molecular beam study of vibrational state population ratio changes for CsF colliding with CO2, and inelastic scattering theor

The Effects of Dry Needling in the Management of Sub-acromial Impingement Syndrome: A Case Report

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectivness of dry needling to an active trigger point in the anterior deltoid musculature in conjunction with physical therapy. This case study presents a 77-year-old male with traumatic pull into flexion injury. In addition to being given RTC and postural musculature strengthening exercises, PROM, joint mobilization, and soft tissue mobilization, dry needling was performed at week 2 and week 4 of treatment. From this case study, we can conclude that TrP-DN to an active TrPin the anterior deltoid can yield statistically significant improvements in ROM, strength, pain, and functional abilities when combined with physical therapy intervention. In addition, it is important to note that the most significant improvements were subjectively reported in the sessions immediately following each DN intervention.https://soar.usa.edu/flmifall2019/1001/thumbnail.jp

Chromatin proteins and RNA are associated with DNA during all phases of mitosis.

Mitosis brings about major changes to chromosome and nuclear structure. We used recently developed proximity ligation assay-based techniques to investigate the association with DNA of chromatin-associated proteins and RNAs in Drosophila embryos during mitosis. All groups of tested proteins, histone-modifying and chromatin-remodeling proteins and methylated histones remained in close proximity to DNA during all phases of mitosis. We also found that RNA transcripts are associated with DNA during all stages of mitosis. Reduction of H3K27me3 levels or elimination of RNAs had no effect on the association of the components of PcG and TrxG complexes to DNA. Using a combination of proximity ligation assay-based techniques and super-resolution microscopy, we found that the number of protein-DNA and RNA-DNA foci undergoes significant reduction during mitosis, suggesting that mitosis may be accompanied by structural re-arrangement or compaction of specific chromatin domains

Effects of a nutrition-based health promotion program on nutritional adequacy, planned physical activity, body composition, job performance, and absenteeism among female airline reservationists

A quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group, pretest-posttest study was conducted with 84 female reservation employees of Piedmont Airlines in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and Nashville, Tennessee. The purposes were to assess: the dietary levels of kilocalories and certain nutrients including protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, iron, calcium, thiamin, riboflavin and niacin; hemoglobin; time spent in planned physical activity; cardiovascular fitness measured by heart rate after exercise; body composition by percentage of body fat, Body Mass Index, and percentage of desirable body weight; job performance and absenteeism; and to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition-based health promotion program in achieving improvements in nutritional adequacy, hemoglobin, time spent in planned physical activity, body composition, job performance and absenteeism. The subjects included only full-time employees, ranging in age from 19 to 60 years. The Winston-Salem group served as the experimental group and were involved in a seven-month worksite nutrition-based health promotion program which emphasized basic nutrition, the dietary guidelines, stress control, and exercise. The Nashville group served as the control group and they were not exposed to the health promotion program

Survivin as potential mediator to support autoreactive cell survival in myasthenia gravis: A human and animal model study

The mechanisms that underlie the development and maintenance of autoimmunity in myasthenia gravis are poorly understood. In this investigation, we evaluate the role of survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, in humans and in two animal models. We identified survivin expression in cells with B lymphocyte and plasma cells markers, and in the thymuses of patients with myasthenia gravis. A portion of survivin-expressing cells specifically bound a peptide derived from the alpha subunit of acetylcholine receptor indicating that they recognize the peptide. Thymuses of patients with myasthenia gravis had large numbers of survivin-positive cells with fewer cells in the thymuses of corticosteroid-treated patients. Application of a survivin vaccination strategy in mouse and rat models of myasthenia gravis demonstrated improved motor assessment, a reduction in acetylcholine receptor specific autoantibodies, and a retention of acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction, associated with marked reduction of survivin-expressing circulating CD20+ cells. These data strongly suggest that survivin expression in cells with lymphocyte and plasma cell markers occurs in patients with myasthenia gravis and in two animal models of myasthenia gravis. Survivin expression may be part of a mechanism that inhibits the apoptosis of autoreactive B cells in myasthenia gravis and other autoimmune disorders