PUBLISHING AND COPYRIGHT LAW IN NIGERIA: A PREVIEW

Publishing is an essential attribute of modern information age which Is responsible for issuing books, maps, photographs and other printed materials. The definition of publishing reveals components of the publishing process- book design, editing work and production processes. Owing to business environmental forces the business thrives in different sizes as determined by their capital outlay and operational modalities. Along this line the paper examines the brief history and state of publishing in Nigeria. The copyright law and its regulatory role are equally discussed. Problems facing the publishing industry in Nigeria such as severe infrastructural defects, lack of marketing programme, undercapitalization, paper mill inadequacy, poor reading culture etc. Against this backdrop, the paper proffers some recommendations such as adopting new technologies, infrastructural development, book exposition and reading campaigns coupled with creation of favourable book climate

A SURVEY OF THE RESOURCES AND ROLES OF NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN IMPARTING KNOWLEDGE

Universities are charged with the responsibilities of imparting knowledge and conducting research among other roles. They must therefore be equipped with relevant resources if they must meet challenges placed on them by academic activities. In this regard, this paper has surveyed the essence of university education and its history in Nigeria. The objectives of university libraries and their true characters are also under the purview of the paper. Further, the types of users and the roles the university libraries play are x-rayed. Based on the identified problems recommendations for giving the university libraries a befitting status are made.As education forms the bedrock of any national development the university education becomes central in national development and economic emancipation.In this regard the author recommends proper attention for the growth of university libraries

PROSPECTS AND METHODS OF RECORDS MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA

In an organization, records constitute corporate memory which supplement human memory and serve as guides to decision making and effective planning. Records are valuable to organizations because resort to human memory is not a method of producing the picture of what actually took place. This point is readily apparent when we ask a number of persons to observe a scene and report their observations individually. The result is most likely to reveal that each person\u27s memory of the event is different. Given a time lag before the question is repeated, each individual\u27s recollection of the scene may differ still, from their earlier report. The prospect of relying on human memory is even more dismal when we consider the point that the value of information obtained from such a source diminishes as it is transmitted from person to person and from generation to generation.To take advantage of past experiences, accurate records and good records keeping are a necessary prologue to planning for the future. Records therefore constitute an essential tool of administration without which operational processes and functions cannot be performed in organizations. The importance of records is underscored by the fact that a significant percentage of organizations\u27 budgets are spent directly or indirectly on the resource. Despite the indispensable value of records, however, proper management of records that will lead to economy and efficiency in their creation, use and maintenance is seldom considered by many organizations.This paper therefore discusses the processes and essence of keeping record

The Screw-Conveyor Vane Design for Piece-Wise Construction

One of the long-used methods of conveying granular, Powdery or slurry material is by the screw conveyor. This method of transport is well suited to some at the needs of local processing Industries based on such local produce as millet, maize, cocoa-beans, rice, palm-kernels. The spiral vanes of such conveyors are manufactured to customers’ specifications by a few steel-rolling industries by a continuous conical-rolling technique in which considerable differential deformation of the steel strip is achieved. Such a method of manufacture is beyond the resources of a general-purpose metal workshop that may require the odd spiral vane once in a while and can neither afford the time nor the cost of ordering from abroad. In this article the method of six blanks which the author has developed for the building up of the vane progressively from blanks is presented

Hybrid Cooling System for Industrial Application

A hybrid cooling System was constructed and tested for glass-ware and plastic-ware production. The unit utilizes water-in-air stream to cool molds in glass and plastic forming processes. The rate of heat transfer between the mold surface and the two component two-phase stream was increased more than five times over that achieved by using the gas (air) phase alone. The enhanced cooling rate yielded speed increase in production by about 65%. The system also reduced the level of noise due to air blast at the press by limiting the use of compressed air. This cooling unit could also be used in iron and steel industries

Determination of ulcer protecting effect of ethanol extract of Gongronema latifolium in rats

Ethanol extract of dietary vegetable, Gongronema latifolium, was evaluated for anti-ulcer activity. The extract was obtained from air-dried, pulverized leaves of the plant following its maceration in ethanol, filteration with Whatman No. 1 filter paper and drying at 110°C. Fractionation of the dry crude ethanol extract was stepwisely carried out in with n-hexane, chloroform and ethylacetate, respectively, and their residual ethanol extract washed several times in ethanol. The four fractions were dried at low temperature and stored for use. The anti-ulcer activity of the crude extract was tested on indomethacininduced and acid/ethanol-induced models of ulcer induction in rats. The activities of the fraction of the crude ethanol extract with respect, to reduction of ulcer index was evaluated only on indomethacininduced ulcer model. The crude ethanol extract significantly (p<0.05) inhibited ulceration dose - dependently in the two ulcer models. This inhibition was higher in acid/ethanol model than in the indomethacin-induced ulcer model. The sub-fractions from the crude extract also inhibited ulcer with the chloroform fraction exhibiting the highest ulcer protection.Keywords: Gongronema latifolium, ulcer, protection, indomethacin, acid/ethanol.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(38), pp. 5705-570

Social and health implications of alcohol consumption among women of reproductive age in Anambra state, southeast Nigeria

Much of the research concerning women’s alcohol use and misuse has focused on biomedical issues associated with female drinking; In contrast, little attention has been paid to the social dimensions of maternal drinking. Using the Symbolic interactionist’s paradigm, this paper interrogates the social and health consequences of drinking among women of reproductive age. Data were collected using a concurrent mixed research approach (quantitative and qualitative data) Three hundred and seventy-three (373) close-ended questionnaires were analysed, and in-depth interviews were conducted among 12 mothers randomly selected from different occupational backgrounds. Findings reveal that heavy alcohol intake can cause divorce in marriages, loss of social respect, stigmatisation for the children, and loss of social bonds within the family. The researcher concluded that health and social issues relating to alcohol use can only be understood within the social and cultural context. However, the paper recommends an all-encompassing approach which involves continuous sensitization of women (especially of reproductive age) on the dangers of maternal alcohol use and the need to implement policies to regulate the production, marketing, and consumption of alcohol

Nigerian Pidgin(NP) for Peace, Unity and Sustainable Development in Nigeria

The need for peace, unity and development that is sustained is one that has continually been reverberated throughout the nation for a number of decades now. Absence of peace and unity hinders sustainable development, as the existence of these is a prerequisite to achieving sustainable economic development in any nation. Multilingual and multiethnic nature of Nigeria has promoted the divide among Nigerians in this decade more than ever before. There is need for the adoption of a common language acceptable to all. In contemporary Nigeria, we see pidgin bridging the gap incommunication between people of different social status, tribes and religious affiliations, thereby building the right atmosphere for peace, unity and sustainable development to thrive. This papertherefore discussed contexts where Nigerian Pidgin is already in use and advocated that its acceptability in these context indicates that it can be turned to a language for wider communication and a panacea for peace and development in Nigeri

English in the multilingual Nigeria: implications for users

Human activities are inextricably interwoven with language since language is the link between people and the affairs in the society. Its interaction with the society often produces a result which may be positive or negative. In a multilingual society like Nigeria, language use is somewhat challenging to harness. This paper studied the adoption of English as a second language in Nigeria with a focus on the political, economic, educational, psychological and socio-cultural implications. The results of its use are discussed as retrieved from literatures. This paper corroborated the literary assertions on the implications of the adoption of English in Nigeria.Keywords: implications, adoption, English, second, nationa

Effect of monosodium glutamate on the liver and kidney function of adult albino rats and the protective potentials of vitamin E

Background of the study: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) is one of the world's most extensively used food additives which is ingested as part of commercially processed foods. MSG produces a flavor that cannot be provided by other foods. It elicits a taste described by Japanese as umami, which is translated to "savory". Materials and methods: A total 24 male adult albino rats weighing (80-120 g) were used in the study. They were randomly assigned to 4 groups, and six rats per groups and three replicates of two rats per replicate. Group 1 served as the control group and the groups 2, 3, and 4 served as the test groups. MSG was administered to rats at dose of 0.6 mg/g body weight for 30 days. Results: Body weight and relative liver and kidney weights of the rat significantly increased. Regarding to liver functions, the activities of alanine transferase (ALT) and aspartate transferase (AST) significantly (P<0.05) increased in the serum on MSG administration, meanwhile serum total protein, albumin and serum total bilirubin significantly (P<0.05) decreased. Serum urea and creatinine were significantly (P<0.05) increased. In the histology, the kidney of the rats treated with MSG had early degeneration changes like glomerular shrinkage, affected urinary tubules and connective tissues while the liver had depleted cytoplasm, eroded endothelial layer and degenerated nuclei. Vitamin E co-administered with MSG, significantly restored the body weight and the relative liver and kidney functions to slightly controlled levels. Conclusion: The results showed that MSG at the dose of 0.6 mg/g body weight may cause an adverse effect on the hepatic and renal function which may be due to oxidative stress induced by MSG on the liver and kidney tissue. Supplementation of vitamin E was capable of ameliorating MSG-induced oxidative stress on hepatic and renal functions