222 research outputs found
Boxicity and topological invariants
The boxicity of a graph is the smallest integer for which there
exist interval graphs , , such that . In the first part of this note, we prove that every graph on
edges has boxicity , which is asymptotically best
possible. We use this result to study the connection between the boxicity of
graphs and their Colin de Verdi\`ere invariant, which share many similarities.
Known results concerning the two parameters suggest that for any graph , the
boxicity of is at most the Colin de Verdi\`ere invariant of , denoted by
. We observe that every graph has boxicity , while there are graphs with boxicity . In the second part of this note, we focus on graphs embeddable on a
surface of Euler genus . We prove that these graphs have boxicity
, while some of these graphs have boxicity . This improves the previously best known upper and lower bounds.
These results directly imply a nearly optimal bound on the dimension of the
adjacency poset of graphs on surfaces.Comment: 6 page
Polynomial expansion and sublinear separators
Let be a class of graphs that is closed under taking subgraphs.
We prove that if for some fixed , every -vertex graph of
has a balanced separator of order , then any
depth- minor (i.e. minor obtained by contracting disjoint subgraphs of
radius at most ) of a graph in has average degree . This confirms a conjecture of Dvo\v{r}\'ak
and Norin.Comment: 6 pages, no figur
On cubic bridgeless graphs whose edge-set cannot be covered by four perfect matchings
The problem of establishing the number of perfect matchings necessary to
cover the edge-set of a cubic bridgeless graph is strictly related to a famous
conjecture of Berge and Fulkerson. In this paper we prove that deciding whether
this number is at most 4 for a given cubic bridgeless graph is NP-complete. We
also construct an infinite family of snarks (cyclically
4-edge-connected cubic graphs of girth at least five and chromatic index four)
whose edge-set cannot be covered by 4 perfect matchings. Only two such graphs
were known. It turns out that the family also has interesting
properties with respect to the shortest cycle cover problem. The shortest cycle
cover of any cubic bridgeless graph with edges has length at least
, and we show that this inequality is strict for graphs of .
We also construct the first known snark with no cycle cover of length less than
.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure
Distance-two coloring of sparse graphs
Consider a graph and, for each vertex , a subset
of neighbors of . A -coloring is a coloring of the
elements of so that vertices appearing together in some receive
pairwise distinct colors. An obvious lower bound for the minimum number of
colors in such a coloring is the maximum size of a set , denoted by
. In this paper we study graph classes for which there is a
function , such that for any graph and any , there is a
-coloring using at most colors. It is proved that if
such a function exists for a class , then can be taken to be a linear
function. It is also shown that such classes are precisely the classes having
bounded star chromatic number. We also investigate the list version and the
clique version of this problem, and relate the existence of functions bounding
those parameters to the recently introduced concepts of classes of bounded
expansion and nowhere-dense classes.Comment: 13 pages - revised versio
Box representations of embedded graphs
A -box is the cartesian product of intervals of and a
-box representation of a graph is a representation of as the
intersection graph of a set of -boxes in . It was proved by
Thomassen in 1986 that every planar graph has a 3-box representation. In this
paper we prove that every graph embedded in a fixed orientable surface, without
short non-contractible cycles, has a 5-box representation. This directly
implies that there is a function , such that in every graph of genus , a
set of at most vertices can be removed so that the resulting graph has a
5-box representation. We show that such a function can be made linear in
. Finally, we prove that for any proper minor-closed class ,
there is a constant such that every graph of
without cycles of length less than has a 3-box representation,
which is best possible.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures - revised versio
Equitable partition of graphs into induced forests
An equitable partition of a graph is a partition of the vertex-set of
such that the sizes of any two parts differ by at most one. We show that every
graph with an acyclic coloring with at most colors can be equitably
partitioned into induced forests. We also prove that for any integers
and , any -degenerate graph can be equitably
partitioned into induced forests.
Each of these results implies the existence of a constant such that for
any , any planar graph has an equitable partition into induced
forests. This was conjectured by Wu, Zhang, and Li in 2013.Comment: 4 pages, final versio
A superlinear bound on the number of perfect matchings in cubic bridgeless graphs
Lovasz and Plummer conjectured in the 1970's that cubic bridgeless graphs
have exponentially many perfect matchings. This conjecture has been verified
for bipartite graphs by Voorhoeve in 1979, and for planar graphs by Chudnovsky
and Seymour in 2008, but in general only linear bounds are known. In this
paper, we provide the first superlinear bound in the general case.Comment: 54 pages v2: a short (missing) proof of Lemma 10 was adde
Small feedback vertex sets in planar digraphs
Let be a directed planar graph on vertices, with no directed cycle of
length less than . We prove that contains a set of vertices
such that has no directed cycle, and if ,
if , and if . This
improves recent results of Golowich and Rolnick.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure - v3 final versio
Long induced paths in graphs
We prove that every 3-connected planar graph on vertices contains an
induced path on vertices, which is best possible and improves
the best known lower bound by a multiplicative factor of . We
deduce that any planar graph (or more generally, any graph embeddable on a
fixed surface) with a path on vertices, also contains an induced path on
vertices. We conjecture that for any , there is a
contant such that any -degenerate graph with a path on vertices
also contains an induced path on vertices. We provide
examples showing that this order of magnitude would be best possible (already
for chordal graphs), and prove the conjecture in the case of interval graphs.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures - revised versio
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