How to Analyze Islamist Politics: Is it possible to make a Political Study without Sociology of Islam?

This article embarks on making a political analysis of Islamist politics by criticizing the hegemonic approach in the field and considering a number of the institutions or structures, composing of either state and its ideological-repressive apparatuses, political parties and actors, intellectual leadership and ideology, and political relations, events, or facts in political sphere. The aforesaid approach declares that the social and economic factors, namely class position, capital accumulation, market, education, and culture, have been far better significative for a political study in examining any political movement, party, and fact or event. However, our study will more stress on political structures, events and struggles or conflicts produced and reproduced by the political institutions, the relationships and the processes in question. Taking into account all these, it will be argued that they have been more significant as compared to class position, capital accumulation, market in economic structure, or culture and education, in a political study

Predicting organizational trust level of school managers and teachers at elementary schools

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to determine which variable or variables are important for predicting organizational trust level at school managers (principals and vice principals) and teachers working and teaching at elementary schools of Ankara. 1239 managers and 8778 teachers from Ankara constitute the population of the study, which is a prediction study of correlation. There are 518 managers and 922 teachers from Ankara as samples. Two instruments, which are used for the purpose of this study, have been used for finding out the factors affecting trust and the features of trustee. Data have been interpreted by using multiple regression analysis on SPSS program. Tendency-to-trust as well as values and attitudes are essential predictors for managers and teachers from Ankara in order to explain the perception of trust

Comparison of Adsorption Isotherm Models for Methane and Carbon Dioxide Adsorption onto Activated Carbon

Modeling and simulation of an adsorption-based gas separation process require accurately measured gas adsorption isotherms and isotherm model fittings. In this study, adsorption equilibria data of pure Methane (CH4) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) onto activated carbon adsorbent (Calgon Co.) were extracted from the literature. Each experimental isotherm was correlated by the Simple Langmuir (SL), Dual Process Langmuir (DPL), Three Process Langmuir (TPL), Toth, and the Unilan models and the deviations were evaluated. Other than SL, all four models showed very good agreement with the experimental data. The fitting parameters for all models presented in this article can be used for any type of adsorption-based separation modeling which includes the BPL-activated carbon and analyzed gases

The Relationship Between Individual Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship Characteristics of Teacher Candidates

The-2002-Johannesburg-World-Summit and the 2005-2014 period were announced by the United Nations as a period of education focused on sustainable development. With this decision, the issue of sustainability has entered the agenda of education more precisely. Teachers contribute to sustainable development in social life as well as economic sustainable development. For sustainability, teachers need to be social entrepreneurs and innovators. Social entrepreneurship emphasizes sociality and entrepreneurship. Innovation involves innovation that creates value economically and socially. In the literature, there isnot any study aimed at determining the relationship between individual innovation characteristics and social entrepreneurship characteristics of prospective teachers. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the prospective teachers' individual innovation characteristics and social-entrepreneurship characteristics. The research was conducted on prospective teachers studying in the education faculties of private universities in Northern-Cyprus. In order to obtain data for the study, “Social Entrepreneurship Characteristics Scale of Prospective Teachers” and “Individual Innovation Scale” were used with permission. The data of the research was analyzed with SEM. IBM SPSS 23.0-program and AMOS-program were used while applying the data analysis process. As a result of the analysis, a strong relationship was found between the social-entrepreneurship traits of trainee teachers and individual innovation traits. Keywords: Innovativeness; individual innovation; entrepreneurship; social entrepreneurship; teacher candidat

The Linkage Between Public and Private Investment: A Co-integration Analysis of a Panel of Developing Countries

This study uses panel data from 19 developing countries from 1980 to 1997 to examine the impact of public investment on private investment. A model is developed to identify both the short run and long-run effects of public investment on private investment, builds in the role of uncertainty on investment, and uses co-integration tests on panel data to check the time series properties of the data. The empirical results show that public investment is complementary to private investment in developing economies, and that credit constraints restrict the amount of private investment.

Kinetic, engineering and economic study of the production of ethanol from waste pulp

Imperial Users onl

Gender effect on classroom management skills and competencies of teachers: A meta-analysis study

This study aims at determining the effect sizes of perceptions and opinions of teachers regarding classroom management skills and competencies according to their gender. 19 journal articles out of 28 journal articles specializing on teachers’ classroom management skills and competencies in Turkey downloaded from the national thesis archives of Higher Education Institution appropriate to inclusion criteria are included in the study. Also, moderators which could not be included to the assessment of primary researches as publication type, publication year, region where study conducted, educational level, school type, scale type, branches of the teachers and gender of the researcher moderators were analyzed as variables. As a result, according to fixed effects model (d=0,149) and random effects model (d=0,133) in favor of female teachers, effect size was statistically significant. Moderator analysis revealed that publication type (p=0,001), type of scale (either ready or improved) (p=0,049) and validity and reliability studies (p=0,008) were found as moderators. Furthermore, effect sizes of researches showed that gender awareness included a continuing tendency over the years. Moderator analysis showed that school type (p=0,054), educational level (p=0,477), region where research was conducted (p=0,075), teachers’ branches (p=0,257) and gender of the researchers were not considered as moderators. As a result, it is recommended not to use gender as an important independent variable in studies in relation to teachers’ perceptions and opinions on classroom management skills and competencies

Behaviour of the chlamydospores of Fusarium solani var. coeruleum (Sacc.) Booth in soil

Imperial Users onl

Production of templated carbon nano materials, carbon nanofibers and super capasitors

i. Porous carbons are usually obtained via carbonization of precursors of natural or synthetic origin, followed by activation. To meet the requirements, a novel approach, the template carbonization method, has been proposed. Replication, the process of filling the external and / or internal pores of a solid with a different material, physically or chemically separating the resulting material from the template, is a technique that is widely used in microporosity and printing. This method has been used to prepare replica polymers [1,2] metals [3] and semiconductors [4] and other materials [5,6]. Zeolites represent an interesting case for replication processes, because the dimensions of their cages and channels are quite similar to those organic molecules that constitute the replica. If such as nanospace in a zeolite is packed with carbon and then the carbon are extracted from the zeolite framework, one can expect the formation of a porous carbon whose structure reflects the porosity of the original zeolite template. Owing to the disordered and inhomogeneous nature of the starting materials,\ud the resulting carbon has a wide and poorly controlled distribution of pore sizes. Zeolites with three-dimensional pore structures were found to be suitable as templates [7,8], whereas zeolites with one-dimensional structures were not effective [9]. These carbons obtained using zeolite templates with three-dimensional pore structures retained the shapes of zeolite particles, but did not retain their internal periodic structure. ii. Many methods have been proposed for carbon nanofiber (CNF) production, among them, we have chosen chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method for CNF synthesis because of its potential for scaling up the production and low cost[10]. Recent developments showed that alignment, positional control on nanometer scale, control over the diameter, as well as the growth rate of the carbon nanotubes (CNT) and CNFs can be achieved by using CVD[11-13]. Many catalysts supports and metal catalysts were proposed for CNF production through CVD technique. Silica (SiO2) [14], alumina (Al2O3) [15], quartz [16], titania (TiO2) or calcium oxide (CaO) [17] were used as the catalyst support because of their chemical inertness and high-temperature resistance. However, all of these support materials require harsh chemical treatment i.e. concentrated bases (NaOH) or strong acids (HF) to remove them, and these reagents may also damage the carbon nanostructure. Additionally, strong acids and bases are less desirable for large-scale production due to environmental concerns. Our goal in synthesizing CNFs is to achieve a control in tailoring the diameter, and morphology at the same time. We believe that understanding the chemistry involved in the catalyst and nanofiber growth process is the critical point to be able to produce defectless, property controlled CNFs. Thus, knowing the effect of the catalyst on CVD production of carbon nanofibers is very important for producing the desired CNFs. A very unique material, NaCl in the field of catalytic CVD process for carbon materials production, was selected as the support material which provides easy production and easy removal properties to the catalyst system. Together with the support material, the metal catalyst preparation step was differentiated from the conventional wet catalyst methods in which a liquid solution containing the catalyst in salt form is applied to the substrate via spray coating [16,18,19], spin coating [20-22], or microcontact printing [23] as well. The most active metals that were used previously in the catalytic CVD process for carbon materials production were Fe, Co [24], and Ni. The reason for choosing these metals as catalyst for CVD growth of nanotubes was the thermodynamic behavior of the metals at high temperatures, in which carbon is soluble in these metals and this solubility leads to the formation of metal-carbon solutions and therefore the desired carbon nanomaterial formation nucleates. In this study, transition metal based organometallic complex catalysts of Fe, Co, Ni and Cu were synthesized by a new approach of simultaneous synthesis of the support material and the catalyst. Therefore an easy production method for catalyst to use in CVD was developed by using only wet chemistry. iii. Electrochemically conducting polymers (ECPs) are of interest in late years and they are promising materials for realization of high performance supercapacitors, as they are characterized by high specific capacitances, by high conductivities in the charged states and by fast charge-discharge processes. The charge processes pertain to the whole polymer mass and not only to the surface. These features suggest the possibility to develop devices with low ESR and high specific energy and power. However, the long-term stability during cycling is a major demand for an industrial application of ECPs. Swelling and shrinkage of ECPs, caused by the insertion/deinsertion of counter ions required for doping the polymer, is well known and may lead to degradation of the electrode during cycling. This obstacle has been over overcome to some level by using composite materials made of carbon materials such as CNTs or activated carbons with CPs. Carbon material in the bulk both ensures a good electrical conductivity even the CP is in its insulating state and improves the mechanical properties of the electrodes. As mentioned in the earlier chapters, using carbon nanotubes, CPs, or both as composites for the active material of the supercapacitor applications comes with some disadvantages as well as the advantages. CPs although being a promising energy source for the job, lack the flexibility for insertion/deinsertion of the dopant ions resulting in shorter recycling life times than desired. CNTs are the employed to gain more flexibility however whether they are used as active materials solo, or engaged in a composite with a CP, they could not supply enough energy for the job. Therefore, the objective of this study is, to obtain a new material for supercapacitor active material; by depositing a conducting polymer, polypyrrole, on to carbon nanotubes via electropolymerization. By this method, the problem of bulk charging in conducting polymers is aimed to be overcomed. Since the coating is in magnitudes of nanometers, only surface charging will exist, which is desirable for supercapacitor applications