Establishing a resource center: A guide for organizations supporting community foundations

Maintaining a resource center such as a library is a central tasks of an association to serve its members, though one of the first to be neglected. WINGS-CF commissioned this guide to assist organizations supporting community foundations to review and organize their resource items, and to propose several classification systems / taxonomies

Side-Information For Steganography Design And Detection

Today, the most secure steganographic schemes for digital images embed secret messages while minimizing a distortion function that describes the local complexity of the content. Distortion functions are heuristically designed to predict the modeling error, or in other words, how difficult it would be to detect a single change to the original image in any given area. This dissertation investigates how both the design and detection of such content-adaptive schemes can be improved with the use of side-information. We distinguish two types of side-information, public and private: Public side-information is available to the sender and at least in part also to anybody else who can observe the communication. Content complexity is a typical example of public side-information. While it is commonly used for steganography, it can also be used for detection. In this work, we propose a modification to the rich-model style feature sets in both spatial and JPEG domain to inform such feature sets of the content complexity. Private side-information is available only to the sender. The previous use of private side-information in steganography was very successful but limited to steganography in JPEG images. Also, the constructions were based on heuristic with little theoretical foundations. This work tries to remedy this deficiency by introducing a scheme that generalizes the previous approach to an arbitrary domain. We also put forward a theoretical investigation of how to incorporate side-information based on a model of images. Third, we propose to use a novel type of side-information in the form of multiple exposures for JPEG steganography

How Valid is the Often-Repeated Accusation That There Are Too Many Legal Articles and Too Many Law Reviews?

Law professors working at terminals with an Internet connection to the Web need not worry any more about whether the subject of a piece is too esoteric, too doctrinal, too complicated or even too impolitic for law review editors; we are free to write and publish on the topics of our choice. This freedom might give us a useful antidote to the substantive . . . sameness of the reviews as they now exist. On the Web, we need not endure months of frustrating or embarrassing delay while our papers are judged, peer reviewed, edited or printed in formal journals; we can disseminate our work instantly, as soon as we are satisfied with it. . . . On the Web, we are under no compulsion to tolerate the indignities and inaccuracies of line-editing: we can present our own work in our own terms, in our own voice, in our own words, in our own ways. These arguments are his central thrust. Nonetheless, he catalogs, somewhat uncritically, a long list of complaints directed against law reviews almost throughout their history. One of those complaints is that there are too many legal articles published in too many law reviews. An examination of this complaint, however, reveals that its origins have little relevance today, and ending the reign of student editors by Internet self-publication may not benefit legal scholarship

Computing Dependencies between DCT Coefficients for Natural Steganography in JPEG Domain

International audienc

Theoretical model of the FLD ensemble classifier based on hypothesis testing theory

International audienceThe FLD ensemble classifier is a widely used machine learning tool for steganalysis of digital media due to its efficiency when working with high dimensional feature sets. This paper explains how this classifier can be formulated within the framework of optimal detection by using an accurate statistical model of base learners' projections and the hypothesis testing theory. A substantial advantage of this formulation is the ability to theoretically establish the test properties, including the probability of false alarm and the test power, and the flexibility to use other criteria of optimality than the conventional total probability of error. Numerical results on real images show the sharpness of the theoretically established results and the relevance of the proposed methodology

The right to be forgotten in the context of a modern concept of personal data protection

1 Thesis title The right to be forgotten in the context of a modern concept of personal data protection Abstract The main topic of the thesis is the analysis of the right to be forgotten and its place in today's digital world and information society. In particular, the author discusses a different approach to the protection of personal data in Europe, in the United States of America and in Argentina within the context of the conflict between right to privacy and freedom of expression and right to free access to information. The author describes different conceptions of significance of these rights and different value ladder in connection in their mutual assessment. Based on outlining the different approaches to aforementioned rights, the author examines the inclusion of the right to be forgotten within these legal cultures and consequently examines different forms of the right to be forgotten. Such forms are introduced in the context of privacy rights in the European union and presented in the way, how the legislation has been developing as the privacy laws evolved. Author closely examines the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union which is focused on right to be forgotten. Attention is also paid to the practical implementation of the right to be forgotten in accordance with the judgement of...Název rigorózní práce Právo být zapomenut v kontextu moderního pojetí ochrany osobních údajů Abstrakt Ústředním tématem rigorózní práce je problematika práva být zapomenut a jeho místa v dnešním digitálním světě a informační společnosti. Autor především rozebírá rozdílný přístup k ochraně osobních údajů v Evropě, Spojených státech amerických a Argentině v kontextu střetávání se toho práva s právem na svobodu projevu a na svobodný přístup k informacím. Autor popisuje na jednotlivých případech řešených vrcholnými soudy odlišné pojetí významnosti těchto práv a jiný hodnotový žebříček při jejich vzájemném posuzování. Na základě nastínění přístupů k těmto právům se autor zabývá tím, jaké místo má v těchto právních kulturách právo být zapomenut a jaké jsou jeho podoby. Jsou představeny některé formy práva být zapomenut v Evropské unii, tak jak se právo vyvíjelo v různých etapách právních předpisů upravující ochranu osobních údajů. Podrobně se zabývá judikaturou Soudního dvora Evropské unie, jejímž předmětem je právo být zapomenut. Pozornost je též věnována reálnému zavedení do praxe práva být zapomenut dle rozsudku Soudního dvora Evropské unie ve věci Google v. Spain. Nadále autor analyzuje současnou úpravu práva být zapomenut v článku 17 obecného nařízení o ochraně osobních údajů (GDPR) a popisuje, jak je možné...Katedra evropského právaDepartment of European LawFaculty of LawPrávnická fakult

The right to be forgotten in the context of a modern concept of personal data protection in the EU and the USA

Název diplomové práce Právo být zapomenut v kontextu moderního pojetí ochrany osobních údajů v EU a USA Abstrakt Ústředním tématem diplomové práce je problematika práva být zapomenut a jeho místa v dnešním digitálním světě a informační společnosti. Autor především rozebírá rozdílný přístup k ochraně osobních údajů v Evropě a Spojených státech amerických v kontextu střetávání se toho práva s právem na svobodu projevu a na svobodný přístup k informacím. Autor popisuje na jednotlivých případech řešených vrcholnými soudy na obou kontinentech odlišné pojetí významnosti těchto práv a jiný hodnotový žebříček při jejich vzájemném posuzování. Na základě nastínění přístupů k těmto právům se autor zabývá tím, jaké místo má v těchto právních kulturách právo být zapomenut a jaké jsou jeho podoby. Jsou představeny některé formy práva být zapomenut v Evropské unii, tak jak se právo vyvíjelo v různých etapách právních předpisů upravující ochranu osobních údajů. Podrobně se zabývá judikaturou Soudního dvora Evropské unie, jejímž předmětem je právo být zapomenut. Pozornost je též věnována reálnému zavedení do praxe práva být zapomenut dle rozsudku Soudního dvora Evropské unie ve věci Google v. Spain. Nadále autor analyzuje současnou úpravu práva být zapomenut v článku 17 obecného nařízení o ochraně osobních údajů (GDPR) a...Thesis title The right to be forgotten in the context of a modern concept of personal data protection in the EU and the USA Abstract The main topic of the thesis is the analysis of the right to be forgotten and its place in today's digital world and information society. In particular, the author discusses a different approach to the protection of personal data in Europe and in the United States of America within the context of the conflict between right to privacy and freedom of expression and right to free access to information. The author describes different conceptions of significance of these rights and different value ladder in connection in their mutual assessment. Based on outlining the different approaches to aforementioned rights, the author examines the inclusion of the right to be forgotten within the two legal cultures and consequently examines different forms of the right to be forgotten. Such forms are introduced in the context of privacy rights in the European union and presented in the was, how the legislation has been developing as the privacy laws evolved. Author closely examines the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union which is focused on right to be forgotten. Attention is also paid to the practical implementation of the right to be forgotten in accordance with the...Department of European LawKatedra evropského právaPrávnická fakultaFaculty of La

Radicalism, Protest Votes and Regionalism: Reform and the Rise of the New Conservative Party

For descriptive and analytical reasons there is an understandable tendency to view political parties as homogenous. Yet it is widely known that most parties, particularly those that compete in single-member plurality systems, are effectively coalitions. This paper explores support for the Reform Party of Canada in part to better understand the character of the current governing Conservative party of which it was a founding component. We find a party that attracted two distinct kinds of supporters: radicals, for whom support reflected the appeal of Reform party policies, its leader and ideology, and protest voters for whom it was mainly an alternative to the then-governing Liberals. These supporters were geographically concentrated; the former in Western Canada, the latter in Eastern Canada. Such diversity describes one of the central challenges confronting all parties operating in Canada’s single member plurality system: sustaining a coalition of supporters in which reasons for attachment to the party vary by region. As with previous governments, it helps to explain the peculiar political demands that confront the current Conservative government as it seeks to maintain this coalition