Comment on "Groverian Entanglement Measure and Evolution of Entanglement in Search Algorithm for n(= 3, 5)-Qubit Systems with Real Coefficients" (Volume 6, Number 4, August 2007), by Arti Chamoli and C. M. Bhandari

We point out that the main results-the analytic expressions for the Groverian Measure of Entanglement, in the above mentioned paper are erroneous. The technical mistake of the paper is discussed. It is shown by an explicit example that the formula for calculating the Groverian measure yields G(|\psi>) = 0 for some entangled states.Comment: 4 pages, published online in Quantum Info. Process. on 24 July 200

A novel magnetic resonance imaging postprocessing technique for the assessment of intervertebral disc degeneration-Correlation with histological grading in a rabbit disc degeneration model.

Introduction:Estimation of intervertebral disc degeneration on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is challenging. Qualitative schemes used in clinical practice correlate poorly with pain and quantitative techniques have not entered widespread clinical use. Methods:As part of a prior study, 25 New Zealand white rabbits underwent annular puncture to induce disc degeneration in 50 noncontiguous lumbar discs. At 16 weeks, the animals underwent multi-echo T2 MRI scanning and were euthanized. The discs were stained and examined histologically. Quantitative T2 relaxation maps were prepared using the nonlinear least squares method. Decay Variance maps were created using a novel technique of aggregating the deviation in the intensity of each echo signal from the expected intensity based on the previous rate of decay. Results:Decay Variance maps showed a clear and well demarcated nucleus pulposus with a consistent rate of decay (low Decay Variance) in healthy discs that showed progressively more variable decay (higher Decay Variance) with increasing degeneration. Decay Variance maps required significantly less time to generate (1.0 ± 0.0 second) compared with traditional T2 relaxometry maps (5 (±0.9) to 1788.9 (±116) seconds). Histology scores correlated strongly with Decay Variance scores (r = 0.82, P < .01) and weakly with T2 signal intensity (r = 0.32, P < .01) and quantitative T2 relaxometry (r = 0.39, P < .01). Decay Variance had superior sensitivity and specificity for the detection of degenerate discs when compared to T2 signal intensity or Quantitative T2 mapping. Conclusion:Our results show that using a multi-echo T2 MRI sequence, Decay Variance can quantitatively assess disc degeneration more accurately and with less image-processing time than quantitative T2 relaxometry in a rabbit disc puncture model. The technique is a viable candidate for quantitative assessment of disc degeneration on MRI scans. Further validation on human subjects is needed

A CLINICAL EVALUATION OF RAKTADABASHAMAK GHANA VATI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

In this current era of technology, industrialization and urbanization human beings have become more inclined towards unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle and stress which has given rise to various lifestyle related disorders of which Hypertension is of utmost significance. Considering its increasing prevalence and development of drug resistance a study related to clinical evaluation of Raktadabashamak Ghana Vati (a self formulated drug) consisting of Root of Jatamansi (Nordostachys jatamansi) - 1 part, Root of Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris) - 1 part, Stem Bark of Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna) - 1/2part, Whole herb of Brahmi (Bacopa monnireri) - 1 part. Root of Vacha (Acorus calamus) - 1/4 part, Root of Tagara (Valeriana wallichii) - 1/2 part, was undertaken in 20 hypertensive patients for 2 months. Results obtained with Raktadabashamak Ghana Vati 2 tablets twice daily after meals with luke warm water on 18 patients were 18.6% relief in Systolic Blood Pressure, 18.5% relief in Diastolic Blood Pressure, 9.3% relief in Pulse rate, 18.8% relief in Pulse pressure, 19.05% relief in Mean Arterial Pressure which were all statistically highly significant. Overall response of Raktadabashamak Ghana vati was excellent in 17.6% patients and marked improvement in 41.1%. These facts lead to the conclusion that Raktadabashamak Ghana vati can be a effective treatment for essential hypertension. Remission of treatment lead to increase in Blood pressure However, Study should be repeated by taking sample with longer duration to see whether the recurrence of disease in follow ups has decreased or not