A Graphene Field-Effect Device

In this letter, a top-gated field effect device (FED) manufactured from monolayer graphene is investigated. Except for graphene deposition, a conventional top-down CMOS-compatible process flow is applied. Carrier mobilities in graphene pseudo-MOS structures are compared to those obtained from top-gated Graphene-FEDs. The extracted values exceed the universal mobility of silicon and silicon-on-insulator MOSFETs.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Optimisation of downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) control in organic viticulture with low copper doses, new copper formulations and plant strengtheners, results of four years of on farm research

In three different wine growing regions in Germany, due to weather and infection conditions several fungicide (copper formulations) and plant strengtheners (Myco-Sin VIN®, Kendal®, Frutogard ®) applications against downy mildew are required in order to obtain satisfactory disease control. Results of the four years of on farm trials confirmed good efficacy of the copper based substances like copper hydroxide, partly in combination with two or three applications of potassium phosphonate, new copper-hydroxide formulation or copper oxychloride used in a low doses of copper and alternative products like Myco-Sin-VIN® (clay with high aluminium content) in combination with Kendal® ( plant extract)

Synthesis and Characterization of Iron(II) Complexes Modeling the Active Site Structure of Nonheme Iron Dioxygenases

The aerobic degradation of polycyclic aromatic compounds, which are widespread contaminants in soils and groundwaters, is carried-out in large part by various Fe-containing dioxygenases that perform the cis-dihydroxylation and oxidative cleavage of aromatic rings. Recently, a new Fe dioxygenase family emerged that catalyzes a remarkable set of transformations; the distinguishing feature of these enzymes is that their monoiron(II) centers are coordinated by three histidines residues (i.e., imidazole ligands) in a facial geometry - a departure from the canonical 2-histidine-1-carboxylate facial triad that is dominant among nonheme monoiron enzymes. Members of the 3His family are capable of oxidatively cleaving C-C bonds in substrates that are generally resistant to degradation, including β-diketones and monohydroxylated aromatics (e.g., salicylic acid). This thesis describes the design, synthesis, and characterization of novel transition-metal complexes with polyimidazole ligands that serve as faithful structural and functional models of these important metalloenzymes. Specifically, high-spin iron(II) β-diketonato complexes were synthesized with the PhTIP (tris(2-phenylimidazol-4-yl)phosphine), and tBuTIP ((tris-2-tert-butylimidazol-4-yl)phosphine) ligands. The complexes were analyzed with a combination of experimental and computational methods including X-ray crystallography, cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis absorption, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, and density functional theory (DFT). The resulting geometric- and electronic-structure descriptions were compared with those obtained for analagous models with the anionic Me2Tp (hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)borate) and Ph2Tp (hydrotris(3,5-diphenylpyrazol-1-yl)borate) ligands. A similar biomimetic approach was employed in the synthesis and characterization of models of the enzyme salicylate 1,2-dioxygenase

Understanding Falls Risk Screening Practices and Potential for Electronic Health Record Data-Driven Falls Risk Identification in Select West Virginia Primary Care Centers

Unintentional falls among older adults are a complex public health problem both nationally and in West Virginia. Nationally, nearly 40% of community-dwelling adults age 65 and older fall at least once a year, making unintentional falls the leading cause of both fatal and non-fatal injuries among this age group. This problem is especially relevant to West Virginia, which has a population ageing faster on average than the rest of the nation. Identifying falls risk in the primary care setting poses a serious challenge. Currently, the Timed Get-Up-and-Go test is the only recommended screening tool for determining risk. However, nationally this test is completed only 30-37% of the time. Use of electronic health record data as clinical decision support in identifying at-risk patients may help alleviate this problem. However, to date there have been no published studies on using electronic health record data as clinical decision support in the identification of this particular population. This presents opportunity to contribute to the fields of falls prevention and health informatics through novel use of electronic health record data. That stated, this research is designed to: 1) develop an understanding of current falls risk screening practices, facilitators, and barriers to screening in select West Virginia primary care centers; 2) assess the capture of falls risk data and the quality of those data to help facilitate identification of at-risk patients; and 3) build an internally validated model for using electronic health record data for identification of at-risk patients. Through focus group discussions with primary care partners, we find a significant lack of readiness to innovatively use routinely collected data for population health management for falls prevention. The topic of falls risk identification is a rarely discussed topic across these sites, with accompanying low rates of screening and ad-hoc documentation. The need for enhanced team-based care, policy, and procedure surrounding falls is evident. Using de-identified electronic health record data from a sample of West Virginia primary care centers, we find that it is both feasible and worthwhile to repurpose routinely collected data to identify older adult patients at-risk for falls. Among 3,933 patients 65 and older, only 133 patients (3.4%) have an indication in their medical records of falling. Searching the free text data was vital to finding even this low number of patients, as 33.8% were identified using free text searches. Given the focus group findings, underreporting of falls on the part of the patients and missed opportunities to learn of falls due to lack of information sharing across health care service sites are also contributing factors. Similarly, documentation of falls risk assessments were sparse with only 23 patients (0.6%) having documentation of a falls risk assessment in their medical records at some point in the past. As with falls, locating documentation of falls risk assessments was largely dependent on semi-structured and free text data. Current Procedural Terminology coding alone missed 26.1% of all falls risk assessments. Repurposing electronic health record data in a population health framework allows for concurrent examination of primary and secondary falls risk factors in a way which is sensitive to time constraints of the routine office visit, complementary to the movement toward Meaningful Use, while providing opportunity to bolster low screening rates

Queratoquiste odontogénico : ¿Qué se esconde tras el nombre?

El Queratoquiste Odontogénico es una lesión, propia de los maxilares, que se definió por primera vez como quiste primordial, por Robinson, en 1945. Durante las primeras clasificaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (O.M.S) de los Tumores de Cabeza y Cuello: Tumores Odontogénicos y del Hueso Maxilofacial, se definió como un quiste de origen odontogénico con una histopatología peculiar por sus capas de paraqueratina en la cubierta quística y un comportamiento biológico clínicamente agresivo. No fue hasta 2005, cuando la O.M.S rebautizó la lesión como Tumor Odontogénico Queratoquístico, debido a su crecimiento agresivo, aparición de recurrencias tras el tratamiento, aparición de variantes sólidas y, sobre todo su relación con mutaciones del gen PTCH. Sin embargo, y dado el revuelo que causó esta nueva designación, la O.M.S en 2017, ha renombrado la lesión como Queratoquiste Odontogénico, definiéndola como un quiste odontogénico caracterizado por una delgada y regular capa de epitelio escamoso estratificado paraqueratinizado con células basales hipercromáticas en empalizada. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar si las evidencias que motivaron la reclasificación de la lesión en 2005 fueron suficientes. Así como, conocer las causas que motivaron en 2017 que la lesión de nuevo se reconsidere quiste odontogénico.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Odontologí

Symmetry breaking in the self-consistent Kohn-Sham equations

The Kohn-Sham (KS) equations determine, in a self-consistent way, the particle density of an interacting fermion system at thermal equilibrium. We consider a situation when the KS equations are known to have a unique solution at high temperatures and this solution is a uniform particle density. We show that, at zero temperature, there are stable solutions that are not uniform. We provide the general principles behind this phenomenon, namely the conditions when it can be observed and how to construct these non-uniform solutions. Two concrete examples are provided, including fermions on the sphere which are shown to crystallize in a structure that resembles the C$_{60}$ molecule.Comment: a few typos eliminate

Equine assisted learning with special populations

This paper explores the use of equine-assisted learning (EAL) activities with special populations and includes a program evaluation for two equine-assisted learning programs developed and conducted by HeartStrides, a non-profit organization in the Pacific Northwest. The study included two populations (N=18); the at-risk youth program included seven participants and the veterans’ clinic included eleven participants. For the purpose of this study, the participating youth are considered “at-risk” due to their risk factors that include socioeconomic status, exposure to stressful and traumatic events (physical, sexual, and/or psychological abuse), neglect, dysfunctional parenting, substance abuse in the home, self-harming tendencies and/or suicidal thoughts or actions. I conducted quantitative analysis on the pre- and post-survey results for both groups, and qualitative analysis on the veterans’ group survey. The results indicated the EAL activities had a positive impact on the at-risk youths’ resilience, hope, agency and pathways to higher thinking scores. The results showed a positive impact on the veterans’ ability to cope with stress after the completion of the clinic. The results indicate implementation of these activities may have a positive impact on participants’ stress and coping skills. Findings from the analyses suggest these programs at HeartStrides are having the desired effect on participants. Based on the results of this study, and a growing body of literature on the impacts of equine-based programming on various populations, I propose utilizing EAL activities with the formerly incarcerated population in hopes of achieving similar results. Overall, this study adds to research about equine-assisted programs, such as those offered through HeartStrides and other potentially effective EAL programs for an array of special populations