Knowledge On Sex Determination Using Condylar Process Width On Left Side In South Indian Population- A Short Study

Aim: The aim of the study is to identify gender using the width of the left side of the mandibular condylar process. Introduction: Forensic anthropology is the branch of forensic science which deals with the physical anthropology of the dead remains and helps in the analysis of the skeletal remains with the anatomical knowledge. The mandible is the strongest and the hardest bone of the skull which remains intact. It provides the accurate information to whom it belongs and its has the greater sexual dimorphism among the other skeletal structures. The condyle is the growing interest of the anthropologist because they eventually reported that the condylar width of males is comparatively more than that of females. Sex determination in forensic is foremost because the age and the stature are resting on each other.To do sex determination, the dead remains and the state of dimorphism play a critical role. There is paucity in literature regarding the width of the condylar process in gender determination. Materials and methods: The study consisted of 60 individuals (30 males, 30 females, Age group: 22- 25 years). This study was performed using Orthopantomographs images acquired from patients who were chosen for a variety of dental complaints and needed to be viewed with OPG. The research plan was confirmed by the administration of the Faculty of Dentistry. The study was carried out at the Department of Forensic odontology, Saveetha Dental college, Chennai. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20. Regression analysis and chi square tests were performed. Plan maker software was utilized for measuring the condylar process width from OPGs. Results: The mean absolute error of the study came out to be 1.121. The standard deviation for male is 1.63 and for females is 1.69. Chi- square analysis for gender determination was found to be insignificant. One way anova analysis for gender determination is and it was found to be insignificant. Males have higher condylar process width compared to females. Discussion: Ramesh et al in their study suggested that the parameters such as condylar height and coronoid height using orthopantomographs are reliable in gender determination and concluded that the condylar height of the right side is the best parameter in gender determination In the present study of the chi square analysis, one way anova analysis was found to be insignificant. But the condylar process width (left side) of the males were comparatively higher than females. Therefore, this ideology could help in sex determination. Conclusion: Within the limits of the study it can be concluded that condylar process width ( left side) of male were comparatively higher than females. But the study is not significant due to Sample insufficiency and less time duration. Since this study was circumscribed to a particular region and population, with more sample size, extended period of time for analysis and with different ethnicity can make the study significant

Awareness About Various Newer Technologies Applied in The Field of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Odontology in India Among Health Care Workers and Medical Experts

Background Crime rate has been reported to rise drastically from the year 2017-2019 according to police sources. Forensic odontology is a branch of forensic science which helps in investigating and identification of corpses found in natural disasters and homicide conditions.New developments on technology have made milestone achievements in various fields, likewise even in forensic medicine and forensic odontology the new developments have broken the lab controlled limitation by creating scientific measurements, improving efficacy of the judicial system. Aim: This study aims to determine the awareness about newer technologies over the field of forensic science and odontology among healthcare workers and medical experts. Materials and methods: A set of self evaluable questions were prepared, validated by the principal investigator and guide. The questionnaire was approved by the institutional review board, saveetha dental college, chennai. The questionnaire prepared was then circulated among the healthcare workers and medical experts in the south indian population. The response data was collected, documented and tabulated. The data was analysed using SPSS statistics and results obtained. Results and discussion: The percentage distribution of the selected population based on the awareness questions asked were analysed and tabulated. The correlation between their years of practice and their awareness were studied. The statistics from previous studies were compared with the present study findings to enhance the quality of our findings. Conclusion: There exists a significant level of awareness among the healthcare workers and medical experts. The participants with 0-5 years of practice showed maximum level of awareness and their associations were found to be statistically significant.(p<0.05). Many awareness camps should be held and conducted to increase the knowledge about the recent advances in technologies in the field of forensic sciences and odontology.Saveetha Dental Colleg

Awareness And Knowledge About Orthopantomogram Study On Minimum Mandibular Ramus Width In Determination Of Sex Using (Right Side) South Indian Population

Aim : The aim of the present study is to determine sex of the individuals using mandibular ramus width (right side). Introduction: Sex determination as a cornerstone of identification is at the same time an important aspect of forensic anthropology and in forensic examination. Measurements of the mandibular ramus typically reveal more gender differences than those of the mandibular body, and measurements of the mandibular ramus typically reveal more sexual dimorphism Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the department of Forensic Odontology. A retrospective study was conducted using an orthopantomograph of 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females). Their ages ranged from 41 to 50 years. Results and discussion: In the present study comprising 30 males and 30 females; The mean standard deviation for male is 35.9667 + 4.02264 and the mean + standard deviation for female is 36.7567 + 4.90487. The mandible is considered to be the best bone for determining sex because of its distinct characteristics, which include being the largest, strongest, and sexually dimorphic bone of the skull as well as frequently being recovered substantially intact. The condylar area and mandibular ramus undergo the most morphological transformations during growth in terms of size and remodelling. Conclusion: The study concluded that the minimum mandibular ramus width of females is 36.76 and that of male is 35.96 stating that females have larger mandibular width than males. From the results it can be concluded that minimum mandibular ramus width is one of the best parameters in sex determination

Knowledge And Perception of a Forensic Lab Setup Criteria in India Among Health Care Workers

Introduction: Forensic science lab refers to the area of analysing, processing and evaluating the evidence collected . Forensic science implies applying the science to criminal and common laws. It can be characterized as the use of science and innovation to the criminal equity system. A Forensic Science research facility has a remarkable spot in organization of the equity framework. Aim: The aim of the present study is to access the knowledge and perception of a forensic lab setup criteria in India among health care workers. Materials and methods: Self administered questionnaire was prepared and it was distributed among undergraduate dental college students through online survey forms “GOOGLE FORMS”. SPSS software was used to analyse the results. Chi square test was used as inferential statistics. Results: In the present study, 91% think that security design like CCTV, escort only design are important in forensic lab setup. To the question, Which of these do you feel is more important in setting up a forensic lab, 31.67% responded to evidence preservation devices, 19.67% responded to software applications and 48.67% responded to all the above. In the present study, 75.67% of the participants think wearing a PPE is important inside the forensic lab. Conclusion: The overall knowledge and perception on forensic lab setup criteria in India tends to be moderate among health care workers . From the present study, 5-10 years of experienced participants had good knowledge and perception on forensic lab setup criteria

Fuzzy Controlled THD Reduction and Performance Improvement of a PMBLDC Motor Using MMLI

In this study, an improved chopper is implemented for current extraction, enhanced solar power generation control, and increased voltage. A simplified space vector control technique is applied to operate the permanent-magnet brushless DC drive (PMBLDC) by controlling the inverter operation. This is used as a special electrical machine with reliable operation and maintenance control. This system uses the Perturb and observer (P&O) algorithm which maximises the PV-system output power and reduces the overall cost. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is used to control the duty cycle and increase the PV voltage. The modified multilevel inverter (MMLI) reduces harmonic distortions and low-switching losses by using a self-tuning filter (STF). This study achieved a better PMBLDC system performance, an improved efficiency, and eliminated the total harmonic distortion (THD) by the self-tuning filter with and without using MATLAB/SIMULINK

ON THE SLIDING PRINCIPLE OF MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES FOR A POTENTIAL USE IN SORTING CELLS OF DIFFERENT SIZES WITH ONE DEVICE

In recent times, numerous microfluidic devices have been developed to assist in cell analysis both in research and clinical units. Different microfluidic devices capable of capturing, isolating, positioning and sorting single cells have been developed. However, these devices are incapable of working with cells of different sizes; in particular, one device can only work for cells of one size. This problem was addressed in literature with the concept called adaptable or tunable device. Such a device can capture and sort single cells of different sizes, ranging from 20 to 30 µm, due to the inherent limitation of the working principle behind such a device (i.e., deformation-based adjustment of the geometry of the device). On the other hand, in many applications, the desired size range is expected from 2 μm to 100 μm or more. This thesis first conducted an analysis of different working principles of devices for capturing and sorting single cells, attempting a solution to the problem. As a result, this thesis proposed a novel principle for devices to perform sorting single cells with the cell size ranging from 2 μm to 100 μm, and this principle is named “sliding principle”. To prove the sliding principle to work, a device that contains a micro-trapper or well based on this principle was designed and fabricated using soft lithography with the mold fabricated with a 3D printing technology. The experiment conducted with the microscopy (resolution: 1-3 micron) and motion stage (resolution: 1 micron), which shows that the device can adjust the size of the well trapper, ranging from 0 to 1000 µm and covering the desired cell size range (i.e., 2 μm to 100 μm). According to the current literature on the mechanical approach to capture and sort single cells of different sizes with one device, the device built based on the sliding principle should potentially be applicable to capturing and sorting single cells of different sizes with one device. This study has a few limitations: (1) the accuracy of the device is not good enough due to the interaction of the PDMS membrane and the model; (2) the inlet and outlet for fluids were not taken in the scope of this research owing to the difficulty of getting proper microspheres or cells for subsequent directing testing on the device. However, the outcome of the present study has paved the way for future research to overcome the preceding limitations. The main contribution of this thesis is the provision of a new design concept, namely “sliding principle” in the field of micro-fluidic system, for tunable or flexible micro-fluidic devices for a potential application in the tasks such as capturing and sorting single cells of different sizes. In a long run, the sliding principle is a first step towards a new approach to micro-fluidic systems called “robotic micro-fluidic systems”, which adds intelligence to a microfluidic system

Knowledge About the Comparative Cytotoxic Effect of Herbal Based Commercial Mouthwashes Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Introduction: Comparison of herbal and commercial mouthwashes is important due to their action in oral health. To determine their action and cytotoxic effect by killing the pathogens present in the oral cavity. Objective: To prepare two different glass plates containing equally counted nauplies with commercial mouthwash and herbal mouthwash in it. Materials And Method : Using brine shrimp in Salt water with mouthwashes in two 6X10 plates. Inclusion Criteria: Alive shrimp nauplii , commercial mouthwash , herbal mouthwash Exclusion Criteria: No dead nauplii Result: In the experiment we have found that the commercial mouthwash effect was higher than the herbal mouthwash. The shrimp death was higher in commercial mouthwash. Conclusion: From this study it is concluded that commercial mouthwash is highly recommended to be used and in future study we can study about the effects of commercial mouthwash. Herbal mouthwash effect was less on nauplus and the death of them

Enabling Disaster Relief Supply Chain Visibility (SCV) and Supply Chain Coordination (SCC)

In disaster relief–humanitarian logistics (DRHL), supply chain visibility (SCV) and supply chain coordination (SCC) remain crucial to supply chain performance, when demand and lead times are volatile. Many DRHL solutions based on operations research or other such models in the literature, rely on SCV and SCC. However, there is a paucity of literature on how to enable SCV and SCC immediately after disasters strike. This paper proposes decentralised, peer–to–peer (P2P) systems architecture (SA) that augments existing information systems and communications networks in use. This architecture has additional capabilities that enable a ‘low cost version’ of SCV and SCC. By identifying antecedents and characteristics of agile and quick response supply chain and introducing them into DRHL, we lay the framework for enabling SCV and SCC in DRHL. Based on this completed research on the systems architecture and framework, this paper outlines briefly, an implementable version of an artefact for such deployment