7 research outputs found
Care for the chronically ill in Germany â The challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic is posing major challenges to the health care sector. This scoping review compiles evidence concerning changes to health care service availability and utilisation as well as possible impacts on health for selected groups of chronically ill people in Germany. The focus is on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and mental disorders. Most empirical data available concerned inpatient care and showed a clear decline in the utilisation of inpatient treatments in March and April 2020 in the areas of oncology and cardiology as well as in mental health. For cardiovascular emergencies such as heart attack and stroke, a decline was observed especially regarding less serious cases. Although
there were indications of treatment delays, there was no evidence thus far that emergency care had been generally compromised due to adjustments to inpatient care capacities. In the outpatient setting, extensive adjustments to health care services availability were observed for all disease groups considered. Overall, very limited empirical data were available. In particular, hardly any data were available on how changes in care impacted population health. There is an urgent need for continuous surveillance and evaluation based on health care and epidemiological data.Peer Reviewe
Care for the chronically ill in Germany â The challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic is posing major challenges to the health care sector. This scoping review compiles evidence concerning changes to health care service availability and utilisation as well as possible impacts on health for selected groups of chronically ill people in Germany. The focus is on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and mental disorders. Most empirical data available concerned inpatient care and showed a clear decline in the utilisation of inpatient treatments in March and April 2020 in the areas of oncology and cardiology as well as in mental health. For cardiovascular emergencies such as heart attack and stroke, a decline was observed especially regarding less serious cases. Although
there were indications of treatment delays, there was no evidence thus far that emergency care had been generally compromised due to adjustments to inpatient care capacities. In the outpatient setting, extensive adjustments to health care services availability were observed for all disease groups considered. Overall, very limited empirical data were available. In particular, hardly any data were available on how changes in care impacted population health. There is an urgent need for continuous surveillance and evaluation based on health care and epidemiological data.Peer Reviewe
Versorgung von chronisch Kranken in Deutschland - Herausforderungen in Zeiten der COVID-19-Pandemie
Die medizinische Versorgung wird durch die COVID-19-Pandemie vor groĂe Herausforderungen gestellt. Das vorliegende
Scoping Review trÀgt Hinweise auf bisherige VerÀnderungen der Versorgungsangebote und der Inanspruchnahme sowie
mögliche gesundheitliche Folgen fĂŒr ausgewĂ€hlte Gruppen chronisch kranker Menschen in Deutschland zusammen.
Der Fokus liegt auf Krebserkrankungen, Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, Diabetes mellitus und psychischen Störungen.
Empirische Daten liegen ĂŒberwiegend fĂŒr den stationĂ€ren Bereich vor und zeigen einen deutlichen RĂŒckgang stationĂ€rer
Behandlungen im MĂ€rz/April 2020 im Bereich der Onkologie und der Kardiologie sowie bei psychischen Störungen. FĂŒr
kardiovaskulĂ€re NotfĂ€lle wie Herzinfarkt und Schlaganfall wurde ein RĂŒckgang vor allem bei leichteren FĂ€llen beobachtet.
Bislang liegen einige Hinweise auf verzögerte Inanspruchnahme, jedoch keine Hinweise auf BeeintrÀchtigung der
Notfallversorgung durch Anpassung stationĂ€rer VersorgungskapazitĂ€ten vor. Im ambulanten Bereich kam es fĂŒr alle
betrachteten Krankheitsgruppen zu umfassenden Anpassungen der Versorgungsangebote. Die empirische Datenlage
ist insgesamt noch sehr begrenzt. Insbesondere liegen kaum Daten zu gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen durch
VerĂ€nderungen in der Versorgung vor. Es besteht dringender Bedarf fĂŒr kontinuierliche Begleit- und Evaluationsforschung
auf der Basis von Versorgungsdaten und epidemiologischer Daten.Peer Reviewe
Experiences with a gravity assisted valve in hydrocephalic children
Titel und Inhaltsverzeichnis
Vorwort
1\. Hintergrund
2\. Material und Methoden
3\. Ergebnisse
4\. Diskussion
5\. Ausblick
6\. LiteraturverzeichnisIn der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Behandlungsergebnisse einer
prospektiven, multizentrischen, nicht randomisierten, nicht kontrollierten
Anwenderbeobachtung des schwerkraftassistierten Ventils PaediGAV ausgewertet.
Dieses Ventil kommt inzwischen an vielen Kliniken zum Einsatz. Es war bisher
in den Untersuchungsprotokollen vergleichender Studien zur Ventilfunktion
nicht enthalten. 160 Kinder mit Hydrocephalus im Alter bis zu 16 Jahren, denen
ein PaediGav als Erstimplantat (59%) oder im Austausch fĂŒr ein beliebiges
nicht schwerkraftgeregeltes Ventil (41%) implantiert worden war, wurden ĂŒber
einen Zeitraum von mindstens 20 Monaten beobachtet. Als Endpunkte definiert
war die Ventilexplantation wegen Infektion, Ăber- oder Unterdrainage. 38
Patienten (24%) erreichten einen Endpunkt. Innerhalb der Nachbeobachtungszeit
wurden 38 Ventile explantiert, 13 mal (7%) wegen Infektion , 18 mal (11%)
wegen Unterdrainage, 7 mal (4%) wegen Ăberdrainage. 21 weitere Patienten
mussten sich einer ventilerhaltenden Shuntkorrektur ohne weitere
Komplikationen im Gesamtverlauf unterziehen. Bei 101 Patienten (63%) war der
postoperative Verlauf unkompliziert. Der Einfluss des Alters auf den Verlauf
war signifikant: Kinder unter 1 Jahr zeigten eine geringere
Ventilerhaltungsrate als die Kinder ĂŒber 1 Jahr (69% bzw. 80%).
Shuntkorrekturen hatten keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf die
Ventilerhaltungsrate. Die Ergebnisse liegen im Spektrum vergleichbarer
aktueller Studienergebnisse zur Shuntfunktion im positiven Bereich. Alle
vorliegenden Untersuchungen zu unterschiedlichen Ventilkonstruktionen weisen
Ă€hnliche Ergebnisse auf. Auch die Anwendung eines schwerkraftassistierten
Ventils bei Kindern hat keinen signifikanten Ergebnisunterschied zur Folge.
Mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit eignet sich das Kriterium FrĂŒhkomplikationen
aufgrund der vielfĂ€ltigen ventilunabhĂ€ngigen EinflĂŒsse nicht zur PrĂŒfung der
Ventileigenschaften. In Anbetracht der mit groĂer zeitlicher Verzögerung
auftretenden klinisch relevanten SpĂ€tfolgen einer chronischen Ăberdrainage
sind fĂŒr die Untersuchung der Ventilfunktion Langzeitstudien erforderlich, die
Parameter der LebensqualitÀt und der neuropsychologischen Entwicklung sowie
deren mögliche Korrelation mit morphologischen oder operationstechnischen
Kriterien erfassen.The pediatric gravity assisted valve paediGAV has become a standard device in
some European hydrocephalus centers. As comparative studies on valve design so
far did not include this valve, the treatment failure rates of paediGAV were
studied in a prospective non randomized uncontrolled multicenter study. 160
hydrocephalic children up to 16 years of age undergoing their first
cerebrospinal fluid shunt insertion (59%), or receiving a paediGAV as a
substitute for any standard differential pressure valve (41%) were monitored
for a minimum of 20 months. Endpoints were defined as valve failure from
infection, underdrainage or overdrainage. 38 patients (24%) reached an
endpoint, 13 (7%) for infection, 18 (11%) for underdrainage and 7 (4%) for
overdrainage. Another 21 (%) patients were submitted to a valve preserving
catheter revision without further detrimental suites for the valve during
follow up. 101 patients (63%) had an uncomplicated clinical course without any
subsequent surgery. There was a significant lower rate of valve survival in
children younger than 1 year in comparison to children older than 1 year (69%
vs. 80%). Valve preserving catheter revisions did not influence valve
survival. These results compare favourably with recently published series. The
use of a gravity assisted valve in children does not significantly affect the
rate of early complications compared to other studies. Valve preserving shunt
revisions do not increase the risk of subsequent valve failure. As current
data do not support a meaningful impact of any well established valve design
on the early complication rate in shunt surgery, this frequently used
correlation seems to hold a very low validity and therefore should be
abandoned. Regarding the known long lasting periods of clinical compensation
of non physiological CSF diversion, the investigation of valve properties
needs expanded long-term protocols focussing on aspects of quality of life and
their largely unknown correlation to morphologic or surgical criteria
Wie lÀsst sich die Eliminierung von Hepatitis B, C und D in Deutschland messen? Ergebnisse eines interdisziplinÀren Arbeitstreffens
Background!#!In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) released a strategy to eliminate hepatitis B, C, and D and defined indicators to monitor the progress. The Robert Koch Institute organized an interdisciplinary working meeting in 2019 to identify data sources and gaps.!##!Objectives!#!The objectives were to network, to create an overview of the data sources available in Germany on hepatitis B and C, and to discuss how to construct indicators.!##!Materials and methods!#!We extracted the WHO indicators relevant for Germany and determined how they can be constructed on the basis of available data. Stakeholders from public health services, clinics, laboratories, health insurance companies, research institutes, data holders, and registries attended a workshop and discussed methods of constructing the indicators for which data are lacking. Data sources and data were evaluated and prioritized with regard to their quality and completeness.!##!Results!#!Indicators on prevalence, incidence, prevention, testing and diagnosis, treatment, cure, burden of sequelae, and mortality for the general population can be constructed using secondary data such as diagnosis, health service, and registry data, data from laboratories and hospitals as well as population-based studies. Data sources for vulnerable groups are limited to studies among drug users, men who have sex with men, and about HIV coinfected patients. Data for migrants, prisoners, and sex workers are largely lacking as well as data on burden of disease from chronic viral hepatitis in the general population.!##!Conclusions!#!We identified data sources, their limitations, and methods for construction for all selected indicators. The next step is to convert the ideas developed into concrete projects with individual stakeholders