Uitbreiding van de Bestrijdingsmiddelenatlas voor de Tweede nota duurzame gewasbescherming 2013-2023

Conservation Biolog

Identifying the geographical potential of rooftop systems: space competition and synergy

Industrial EcologyEnvironmental Biolog

External validation of prognostic models for preeclampsia in a Dutch multicenter prospective cohort

Objective: To perform an external validation of all published prognostic models for first-trimester prediction of the risk of developing preeclampsia (PE). Methods: Women <14 weeks of pregnancy were recruited in the Netherlands. All systematically identified prognostic models for PE that contained predictors commonly available were eligible for external validation. Results: 3,736 women were included; 87 (2.3%) developed PE. Calibration was poor due to overestimation. Discrimination of 9 models for LO-PE ranged from 0.58 to 0.71 and of 9 models for all PE from 0.55 to 0.75. Conclusion: Only a few easily applicable prognostic models for all PE showed discrimination above 0.70, which is considered an acceptable performance

New insights into the factors influencing movements and spatial distribution of reintroduced Bengal tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) in the human-dominated buffer zone of Panna Tiger Reserve, India

Conservation Biolog

Wild versus domestic prey in the diet of reintroduced tigers (<i>Panthera tigris</i>) in the livestock-dominated multiple-use forests of Panna Tiger Reserve, India

<div><p>Grazing livestock in openly accessible areas is a common practice in the multiple-use forests of India; however, its compatibility with the reintroduction of tigers to these areas requires examination. Here, we investigated the diet of tigers in a livestock-dominated multiple-use buffer zone of the Panna Tiger Reserve, India. We hypothesised that the presence of feral cattle, along with open-access grazing practices in multiple-use forests, would increase the incidence of predation on livestock by tigers, even when wild prey are available. We used generalised linear models to test whether predation of livestock versus wild animals was influenced by (1) the sex and age class of tigers, (2) season, and (3) the distance of prey from the core-zone boundary of the reserve. Overall, sub-adult tigers and male tigers killed more livestock than wild prey, even when wild prey was available. In the winter and rainy seasons livestock were killed in higher numbers in the buffer zone than in summers, this may be because of the seasonally changing livestock herding patterns in the area. Further, with increasing distance from the core-zone boundary, all tigers killed more livestock, possibly because livestock were more easily accessible than wild prey. Our results show that open-access and unregulated livestock grazing is not currently compatible with large carnivore conservation in the same landscape. Such practices will lead to an increase in negative tiger-human-livestock interactions. In conclusion, we suggest the need to encourage locals to corral valuable cattle, leaving feral/unwanted livestock for tigers. This simple strategy would benefit both local inhabitants and tiger conservation in the multiple-use forests of India.</p></div

Wild and domestic prey species killed by 10 radio-collared tigers in the core and the multiple-use buffer zones of the PTR between 2009 and 2014.

<p>Wild and domestic prey species killed by 10 radio-collared tigers in the core and the multiple-use buffer zones of the PTR between 2009 and 2014.</p

Percentage of domestic animals killed by male (black bars) and female (grey bars) tigers increased with distance from the core zone of PTR.

<p>At >10 km distance from the core zone, males and females killed domestic animals in similar proportions, with this result being statistically significant (df = 2, p = < 0.001).</p

Percentage of domestic animals killed by male and female tigers in the core (black bars) and buffer (grey bars) zone of the PTR between 2009 and 2014.

<p>There was a significant interaction between sex * zone (df = 2, p < 0.05), with similar proportions of domestic animals being killed in core and buffer zones by males and females.</p

Percentage of domestic animals killed by tigers during the summer (black bars), rainy (dark grey bars), and winter (light grey bars) seasons with increasing distance from the core zone.

<p>The proportion of domestic animals killed doubled at >2 km distance from the core during the rainy and winter seasons (df = 4, p = 0.006), but remained low during the summer.</p