Проблеми оцінки якості індустріального розвитку соціально-економічної системи України

Розглянуті особливості процесу системної трансформації індустріального базису соціально-економічної системи України в умовах соціальної поляризації світового суспільства. Доведено існування дихотомії типу базису економіки України: індустріального в межах національної підсистеми та доіндустріального в межах світової соціально-економічної системи. Ключові слова: трансформація, система, промисловість, якість.Рассмотрены особенности процесса системной трансформации индустриального базиса социально-экономической системы Украины в условиях социальной поляризации мирового сообщества. Доказано существование дихотомии базиса экономики Украины: индустриального в рамках национальной подсистемы и доиндустриальной в рамках мировой социально-экономической системы. Ключевые слова: трансформация, система, промышленность, качество.Features of process of system transformation of industrial basis of social and economic system of Ukraine in the conditions of social polarisation of the world community are considered. Existence of a dichotomy of basis of economy of Ukraine is proved: industrial within the limits of a national subsystem and befor industrial in frames of world social and economic system. Key words: transformation, system, industry, quality

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of nano-sized vesicles released by dendritic cells and T cells. Towards deciphering the role of extracellular vesicles in immune cell communication

Many cell types release nano-sized vesicles, which can be found in body fluids as well as in cell culture-conditioned medium. These extracellular vesicles (EV) have been identified as vehicles for intercellular communication and are thought to be involved in many (patho)physiological processes. They have also gained interest due to their potential clinical application as biomarkers for disease and as therapeutic agents. However, the exact mechanisms through which EV exert their functions are largely unknown. EV carry a selective set of proteins, lipids and RNA. The molecular composition of EV and the dynamics of their release depends on the status of the producing cell. The released EV are heterogeneous in size and composition. Knowledge on how the molecular composition and number of released EV is regulated upon different triggers is needed to gain more insight in the physiological role of EV in intercellular communication. In her thesis, Els van der Vlist focused on EV that are released by dendritic cells (DC) and T cells, in order to unravel the role of these EV in immune cell communication. Her thesis describes a newly developed high-resolution flow cytometric method enabling simultaneous quantitative and qualitative analysis of individual EV. With this method, large numbers of nano-sized EV can be analyzed, which is needed to reveal phenotypic heterogeneity within EV populations. The method was used to analyze the quantity and quality of dendritic cell (DC) and T cell-derived EV subsets that were released upon different activation triggers. Using this approach, it was demonstrated that DC release more EV, with altered molecular compositions, in response to activation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, it was observed that when DC were cultured together with CD4+ T cells, these T cells selectively recruited a subset of DC-derived EV. CD4+ T cells also increased their release of EV when activated via their T cell receptor, and additional co-stimulatory signals potentiated this process further. Interestingly, using the flow cytometric analysis method it was found that the population of EV released by CD4+ T cells was composed of different vesicle subsets. The release of these subsets was differentially regulated in response to the level of T cell activation. Finally, the function of vesicles released during cognate DC-T cell interactions was investigated in an in vitro model system. EV released during strong stimulatory DC-T cell interactions are targeted to neighboring DC and T cells and can influence the phenotype of these cells. Thus, EV that are released during strong stimulatory DC-T cell interactions might be involved in the modulation of neighboring DC-T cell interactions. The novel individual EV-based flow cytometric method has increased our insights in the regulated release of different vesicle subsets by DC and T cells and will greatly facilitate further research to unravel the function of EV in intercellular communication. For clinical settings this method holds great promise for the definition and analysis of EV-based biomarkers and therapeutic

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of nano-sized vesicles released by dendritic cells and T cells. Towards deciphering the role of extracellular vesicles in immune cell communication

Many cell types release nano-sized vesicles, which can be found in body fluids as well as in cell culture-conditioned medium. These extracellular vesicles (EV) have been identified as vehicles for intercellular communication and are thought to be involved in many (patho)physiological processes. They have also gained interest due to their potential clinical application as biomarkers for disease and as therapeutic agents. However, the exact mechanisms through which EV exert their functions are largely unknown. EV carry a selective set of proteins, lipids and RNA. The molecular composition of EV and the dynamics of their release depends on the status of the producing cell. The released EV are heterogeneous in size and composition. Knowledge on how the molecular composition and number of released EV is regulated upon different triggers is needed to gain more insight in the physiological role of EV in intercellular communication. In her thesis, Els van der Vlist focused on EV that are released by dendritic cells (DC) and T cells, in order to unravel the role of these EV in immune cell communication. Her thesis describes a newly developed high-resolution flow cytometric method enabling simultaneous quantitative and qualitative analysis of individual EV. With this method, large numbers of nano-sized EV can be analyzed, which is needed to reveal phenotypic heterogeneity within EV populations. The method was used to analyze the quantity and quality of dendritic cell (DC) and T cell-derived EV subsets that were released upon different activation triggers. Using this approach, it was demonstrated that DC release more EV, with altered molecular compositions, in response to activation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, it was observed that when DC were cultured together with CD4+ T cells, these T cells selectively recruited a subset of DC-derived EV. CD4+ T cells also increased their release of EV when activated via their T cell receptor, and additional co-stimulatory signals potentiated this process further. Interestingly, using the flow cytometric analysis method it was found that the population of EV released by CD4+ T cells was composed of different vesicle subsets. The release of these subsets was differentially regulated in response to the level of T cell activation. Finally, the function of vesicles released during cognate DC-T cell interactions was investigated in an in vitro model system. EV released during strong stimulatory DC-T cell interactions are targeted to neighboring DC and T cells and can influence the phenotype of these cells. Thus, EV that are released during strong stimulatory DC-T cell interactions might be involved in the modulation of neighboring DC-T cell interactions. The novel individual EV-based flow cytometric method has increased our insights in the regulated release of different vesicle subsets by DC and T cells and will greatly facilitate further research to unravel the function of EV in intercellular communication. For clinical settings this method holds great promise for the definition and analysis of EV-based biomarkers and therapeutic

Magnon-bound state resonance in the quasi-1d antiferromagnet RbCoCl3 ·2H2O

Electron spin resonance is studied for 2.6 K TN

Fluorescent labeling of nano-sized vesicles released by cells and subsequent quantitative and qualitative analysis by high-resolution flow cytometry.

We provide a protocol for a high-resolution flow cytometry–based method for quantitative and qualitative analysis of individual nano-sized vesicles released by cells, as developed and previously described by our group. The method involves (i) bright fluorescent labeling of cell-derived vesicles and (ii) flow cytometric analysis of these vesicles using an optimized configuration of the commercially available BD Influx flow cytometer. The method allows the detection and analysis of fluorescent cell-derived vesicles of ~100 nm. Integrated information can be obtained regarding the light scattering, quantity, buoyant density and surface proteins of these nano-sized vesicles. This method can be applied in nanobiology to study basic aspects of cell-derived vesicles. Potential clinical applications include the detailed analysis of vesicle-based biomarkers in body fluids and quality control analysis of (biological) vesicles used as therapeutic agents. Isolation, fluorescent labeling and purification of vesicles can be done within 24 h. Flow cytometer setup, calibration and subsequent data acquisition can be done within 2–4 h by an experienced flow cytometer operator

Scriptless GUI Testing on Mobile Applications

Traditionally, end-to-end testing of mobile apps is either performed manually or automated with test scripts. However, manual GUI testing is expensive and slow, and test scripts are fragile for GUI changes, resulting in high maintenance costs. Scriptless testing attempts to address the costs associated with GUI testing. Existing scriptless approaches for mobile testing do not seem to fit the requirements of the industry, specifically those of the ING. This study presents an extension to open source TESTAR tool to support scriptless GUI testing of Android and iOS applications. We present an initial validation of the tool on an industrial setting at the ING. From the validation, we determine that the extended TESTAR outperforms two other state-of-the-art scriptless testing tools for Android in terms of code coverage, and achieves similar performance as the scripted test automation already in use at the ING. Moreover, we see that the scriptless approach covers parts of the application under test that the existing test scripts did not cover, showing the complementarity of the approaches, providing more value for the testers.</p