2,081 research outputs found
Nonlinear effects in the propagation of optically generated magnetostatic volume mode spin waves
Recent experimental work has demonstrated optical control of spin wave
emission by tuning the shape of the optical pulse (Satoh et al.\ Nature
Photonics, 6, 662 (2012)). We reproduce these results and extend the scope of
the control by investigating nonlinear effects for large amplitude excitations.
We observe an accumulation of spin wave power at the center of the initial
excitation combined with short-wavelength spin waves. These kind of nonlinear
effects have not been observed in earlier work on nonlinearities of spin waves.
Our observations pave the way for the manipulation of magnetic structures at a
smaller scale than the beam focus, for instance in devices with all-optical
control of magnetism.Comment: Added new figures to further illustrate the nonlinear effects to show
time evolution and spectral flow. Added references. Changed perspective on
nonlinear effects w.r.t. applicability of NSE. Added acknowledgemen
MARL-iDR: Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Incentive-based Residential Demand Response
This paper presents a decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL)
approach to an incentive-based Demand Response (DR) program, which aims to
maintain the capacity limits of the electricity grid and prevent grid
congestion by financially incentivizing residential consumers to reduce their
energy consumption. The proposed approach addresses the key challenge of
coordinating heterogeneous preferences and requirements from multiple
participants while preserving their privacy and minimizing financial costs for
the aggregator. The participant agents use a novel Disjunctively Constrained
Knapsack Problem optimization to curtail or shift the requested household
appliances based on the selected demand reduction. Through case studies with
electricity data from households, the proposed approach effectively
reduced energy consumption's Peak-to-Average ratio (PAR) by % compared
to the original PAR while fully preserving participant privacy. This approach
has the potential to significantly improve the efficiency and reliability of
the electricity grid, making it an important contribution to the management of
renewable energy resources and the growing electricity demand.Comment: 8 pages, IEEE Belgrade PowerTech, 202
Vaccine hesitancy for COVID19: what is the role of statistical literacy?
IntroductionVaccination is an important measure used to control the spread of COVID19. The estimation of risk versus benefit of vaccination is based on the understanding of information about the vaccine. Statistics are frequently part of communications about COVID19. Individuals that do not have an adequate foundation of statistical knowledge may not be able to properly assess associated risks and benefits. This study aims to assess the association between statistical literacy and hesitation to receive the COVID19 vaccine.MethodsA nationally representative sample of 2,138 adults, recruited through CINT United States, Inc., (Lawrenceville, NJ; http://www.cint.com), completed an internet survey in the summer of 2021. This survey collected demographic measures and information about COVID19 vaccination status. The competency of respondents on various basic statistical concepts was assessed along with the corresponding confidence of respondents in their answers. A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to assess the relationship between vaccine hesitancy and statistical literacy while controlling for covariates of interest.ResultsStatistical literacy was found to have a negligible association with COVID19 vaccine hesitancy (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1.00–1.02). In addition, differences in the proportion receiving the COVID19 vaccine between political affiliations, income levels, race groups, and ethnicities were observed.DiscussionThe statistical knowledge of the general American public is not commensurate with the need to be literate in basic statistical concepts in the data-driven world in which we live. An effective way to stem vaccine hesitancy may rely on increased statistical knowledge to not be biased by preconceived beliefs shaped by misinformation
Dolor abdominal funcional en los padres y niños: RevisiĂłn narrativa de bibliografĂa
Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders (FAPD) tend to run in families and recent research has suggested that parents play an important role in managing child\u27s pain. The aim of this narrative review is to examine the role of parents in child FAPD. Most research has applied social learning theory, where the child learns how to deal with pain from their parents through either modeling or reinforcement. Parental reinforcement of inappropriate illness behaviors, such as excusing a child from activities, increases pain severity as well as pain disability. A parent may reinforce illness behaviors in order to protect their child as the pain is perceived as a high threat. These parents also tend to catastrophize about their child\u27s pain. Interventions focused on altering parental modeling, protective behaviors, pain threat and catastrophizing have been shown to help improve child pain outcomes. These findings emphasize the importance of intervening on a family level for childhood FAPD disorders.El trastorno del dolor abdominal funcional normalmente aparece en familia e investigaciones recientes han sugerido que los padres tienen un papel importante en manejar el dolor de los niños. El objetivo de esta revisiĂłn narrativa es examinar el papel de los padres para el trastorno del dolor abdominal funcional de los niños. La mayorĂa de las investigaciones han aplicado la teorĂa de aprendizaje social, en la que el niño aprende de los padres cĂłmo tratar el dolor, sea por el enfoque de modelado o reforzamiento. El reforzamiento parental de conductas inapropiadas de enfermedad, como justificar que el niño no participe en la actividad, aumenta la gravedad de dolor y su discapacidad. Los padres pueden reforzar conductas de enfermedad para proteger a su hijo dado que el dolor se percibe como amenaza alta. Estos padres tambiĂ©n tienden a catastrofizar sobre el dolor de su hijo. Las intervenciones enfocadas en alternar el modelado parental, conductas protectoras, amenaza de dolor y catastrofizar han demostrado que ayudan a mejorar los resultados del dolor en los niños. Estos hallazgos ponen Ă©nfasis en la importancia de intervenciĂłn a nivel familiar en cuanto a los trastornos del dolor abdominal funcional en los niños
Disentangling the effects of spin-orbit and hyperfine interactions on spin blockade
We have achieved the few-electron regime in InAs nanowire double quantum
dots. Spin blockade is observed for the first two half-filled orbitals, where
the transport cycle is interrupted by forbidden transitions between triplet and
singlet states. Partial lifting of spin blockade is explained by spin-orbit and
hyperfine mechanisms that enable triplet to singlet transitions. The
measurements over a wide range of interdot coupling and tunneling rates to the
leads are well reproduced by a simple transport model. This allows us to
separate and quantify the contributions of the spin-orbit and hyperfine
interactions.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Suppression of Zeeman gradients by nuclear polarization in double quantum dots
We use electric dipole spin resonance to measure dynamic nuclear polarization
in InAs nanowire quantum dots. The resonance shifts in frequency when the
system transitions between metastable high and low current states, indicating
the presence of nuclear polarization. We propose that the low and the high
current states correspond to different total Zeeman energy gradients between
the two quantum dots. In the low current state, dynamic nuclear polarization
efficiently compensates the Zeeman gradient due to the -factor mismatch,
resulting in a suppressed total Zeeman gradient. We present a theoretical model
of electron-nuclear feedback that demonstrates a fixed point in nuclear
polarization for nearly equal Zeeman splittings in the two dots and predicts a
narrowed hyperfine gradient distribution
De effectiviteit van re-integratietraining versus boostersessies na kortdurende klinische psychotherapie: een gerandomiseerd klinisch onderzoek
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Standardised evaluation studies performed in the Netherlands in a large number of inpatient and day-treatment hospitals providing psychotherapy have shown significant symptomatic improvements in patients between the date of entry to the studies and follow-up after one year. However, the work situation of ex-patients hardly changed and a large number of patients were still receiving psychotherapy.
AIM: To examine the effectiveness of a specifically designed course of re-integration training.
METHOD: A group of 128 patients were assigned randomly either to a re-integration training course aimed at improved functioning at work and improved relationships, or to booster sessions. Outcome measures were symptom level, work status, absence from work, and further psychotherapy. results After two years the number of patients in paid employment remained the same (76%) in the re-integration training course and increased from 67 to 87% in the booster sessions. Attendance was significantly higher in the booster sessions than in the re-integration training. There were no differences in the other outcome measures.
CONCLUSION: We conclude that re-integration training was no more effective than the booster sessions. Our hypothesis is that continuity of care (therapists plus programme) explains the favourable result of the booster sessions
The transrectus sheath preperitoneal mesh repair for inguinal hernia: technique, rationale, and results of the first 50 cases
Item does not contain fulltextINTRODUCTION: Laparoscopic and endoscopic hernia repair popularized the preperitoneal mesh position due to promising results concerning less chronic pain. However, considerable proportions of severe adverse events, learning curves, or added costs have to be taken into account. Therefore, open preperitoneal mesh techniques may have more advantages. The open approach to the preperitoneal space (PPS) according to transrectus sheath preperitoneal (TREPP) mesh repair is through the sheath of the rectus abdominus muscle. This technique provides an excellent view of the PPS and facilitates elective or acute hernia reduction and mesh positioning under direct vision. In concordance with the promising transinguinal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair experiences in the literature, we investigated the feasibility of TREPP. METHODS: A rationale description of the surgical technique, available level of evidence for thoughts behind technical considerations. Furthermore, a descriptive report of the clinical outcomes of our pilot case series including 50 patients undergoing the TREPP mesh repair. RESULTS: A consecutive group of our first 50 patients were operated with the TREPP technique. No technical problems were experienced during the development of this technique. No conversions to Lichtenstein repair were necessary. No recurrences and no chronic pain after a mean follow-up of 2 years were notable findings. CONCLUSION: This description of the technique shows that the TREPP mesh repair might be a promising method because of the complete preperitoneal view, the short learning curve, and the stay-away-from-the-nerves principle. The rationale of the TREPP repair is discussed in detail.1 juni 201
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