499 research outputs found
Exotic Kondo crossover in a wide temperature region in the topological Kondo insulator SmB6 revealed by high-resolution ARPES
Temperature dependence of the electronic structure of SmB6 is studied by
high-resolution ARPES down to 1 K. We demonstrate that there is no essential
difference for the dispersions of the surface states below and above the
resistivity saturating anomaly (~ 3.5 K). Quantitative analyses of the surface
states indicate that the quasi-particle scattering rate increases linearly as a
function of temperature and binding energy, which differs from Fermi-Liquid
behavior. Most intriguingly, we observe that the hybridization between the d
and f states builds gradually over a wide temperature region (30 K < T < 110
K). The surface states appear when the hybridization starts to develop. Our
detailed temperature-dependence results give a complete interpretation of the
exotic resistivity result of SmB6, as well as the discrepancies among
experimental results concerning the temperature regions in which the
topological surface states emerge and the Kondo gap opens, and give new
insights into the exotic Kondo crossover and its relationship with the
topological surface states in the topological Kondo insulator SmB6.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Direct observation of the spin texture in strongly correlated SmB6 as evidence of the topological Kondo insulator
The concept of a topological Kondo insulator (TKI) has been brought forward
as a new class of topological insulators in which non-trivial surface states
reside in the bulk Kondo band gap at low temperature due to the strong
spin-orbit coupling [1-3]. In contrast to other three-dimensional (3D)
topological insulators (e.g. Bi2Se3), a TKI is truly insulating in the bulk
[4]. Furthermore, strong electron correlations are present in the system, which
may interact with the novel topological phase. Applying spin- and
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (SARPES) to the Kondo insulator SmB6,
a promising TKI candidate, we reveal that the surface states of SmB6 are spin
polarized, and the spin is locked to the crystal momentum. Counter-propagating
states (i.e. at k and -k) have opposite spin polarizations protected by
time-reversal symmetry. Together with the odd number of Fermi surfaces of
surface states between the 4 time-reversal invariant momenta in the surface
Brillouin zone [5], these findings prove, for the first time, that SmB6 can
host non-trivial topological surface states in a full insulating gap in the
bulk stemming from the Kondo effect. Hence our experimental results establish
that SmB6 is the first realization of a 3D TKI. It can also serve as an ideal
platform for the systematic study of the interplay between novel topological
quantum states with emergent effects and competing order induced by strongly
correlated electrons.Comment: 4 figure
Trivial topological phase of CaAgP and the topological nodal-line transition in CaAg(P1-xAsx)
By performing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles
calculations, we address the topological phase of CaAgP and investigate the
topological phase transition in CaAg(P1-xAsx). We reveal that in CaAgP, the
bulk band gap and surface states with a large bandwidth are topologically
trivial, in agreement with hybrid density functional theory calculations. The
calculations also indicate that application of "negative" hydrostatic pressure
can transform trivial semiconducting CaAgP into an ideal topological nodal-line
semimetal phase. The topological transition can be realized by partial
isovalent P/As substitution at x = 0.38.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure
Evidence of Coulomb interaction induced Lifshitz transition and robust hybrid Weyl semimetal in Td MoTe2
Using soft x-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy we probed the bulk
electronic structure of Td MoTe2. We found that on-site Coulomb interaction
leads to a Lifshitz transition, which is essential for a precise description of
the electronic structure. A hybrid Weyl semimetal state with a pair of energy
bands touching at both type-I and type-II Weyl nodes is indicated by comparing
the experimental data with theoretical calculations. Unveiling the importance
of Coulomb interaction opens up a new route to comprehend the unique properties
of MoTe2, and is significant for understanding the interplay between
correlation effects, strong spin-orbit coupling and superconductivity in this
van der Waals material.Comment: submitted on May 02 2018, to appear in PR
The Clinical Relevance of Manometric Esophagogastric Junction Outflow Obstruction Can Be Determined Using Rapid Drink Challenge and Solid Swallows
INTRODUCTION: Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) defined on high-resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) poses a management dilemma given marked variability in clinical manifestations. We hypothesized that findings from provocative testing (rapid drink challenge and solid swallows) could determine the clinical relevance of EGJOO. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study, we included consecutive subjects between May 2016 and January 2020 with EGJOO. Standard HRM with 5-mL water swallows was followed by provocative testing. Barium esophagography findings were obtained. Cases with structural obstruction were separated from functional EGJOO, with the latter categorized as symptom-positive or symptom-negative. Only symptom-positive subjects were considered for achalasia-type therapies. Sensitivity and specificity for clinically relevant EGJOO during 5-mL water swallows, provocative testing, and barium were calculated. RESULTS: Of the 121 EGJOO cases, 76% had dysphagia and 25% had holdup on barium. Ninety-seven cases (84%) were defined as functional EGJOO. Symptom-positive EGJOO subjects were more likely to demonstrate abnormal motility and pressurization patterns and to reproduce symptoms during provocative testing, but not with 5-mL water swallows. Twenty-nine (30%) functional EGJOO subjects underwent achalasia-type therapy, with symptomatic response in 26 (90%). Forty-eight (49%) functional EGJOO cases were managed conservatively, with symptom remission in 78%. Although specificity was similar, provocative testing demonstrated superior sensitivity in identifying treatment responders from spontaneously remitting EGJOO (85%) compared with both 5-mL water swallows (54%; P < 0.01) and barium esophagography (54%; P = 0.02). DISCUSSION: Provocative testing during HRM is highly accurate in identifying clinically relevant EGJOO that benefits from therapy and should be routinely performed as part of the manometric protocol
Selective probing of hidden spin-polarized states in inversion-symmetric bulk
Spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is used to reveal that a large spin polarization is observable in the bulk centrosymmetric transition metal dichalcogenide MoS2. It is found that the measured spin polarization can be reversed by changing the handedness of incident circularly polarized light. Calculations based on a three-step model of photoemission show that the valley and layer-locked spin- polarized electronic states can be selectively addressed by circularly polarized light, therefore providing a novel route to probe these hidden spin-polarized states in inversion-symmetric systems as predicted by Zhang et al. [Nat. Phys. 10, 387 (2014).]
Turbulent spectrum of the Earth's ozone field
The Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) database is subjected to an
analysis in terms of the Karhunen-Loeve (KL) empirical eigenfunctions. The
concentration variance spectrum is transformed into a wavenumber spectrum, . In terms of wavenumber is shown to be in the
inverse cascade regime, in the enstrophy cascade regime with the
spectral {\it knee} at the wavenumber of barotropic instability.The spectrum is
related to known geophysical phenomena and shown to be consistent with physical
dimensional reasoning for the problem. The appropriate Reynolds number for the
phenomena is .Comment: RevTeX file, 4 pages, 4 postscript figures available upon request
from Richard Everson <[email protected]
Decoupling of Lattice and Orbital Degrees of Freedom in an Iron-Pnictide Superconductor
The interplay of structural and electronic phases in iron-based
superconductors is a central theme in the search for the superconducting
pairing mechanism. While electronic nematicity, defined as the breaking of
four-fold symmetry triggered by electronic degrees of freedom, is competing
with superconductivity, the effect of purely structural orthorhombic order is
unexplored. Here, using x-ray diffraction (XRD), we reveal a new structural
orthorhombic phase with an exceptionally high onset temperature
( K), which coexists with superconductivity
( K), in an electron-doped iron-pnictide superconductor far
from the underdoped region. Furthermore, our angle-resolved photoemission
spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements demonstrate the absence of electronic nematic
order as the driving mechanism, in contrast to other underdoped iron pnictides
where nematicity is commonly found. Our results establish a new, high
temperature phase in the phase diagram of iron-pnictide superconductors and
impose strong constraints for the modeling of their superconducting pairing
mechanism.Comment: SI available upon reques
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