Effect of An Educational Intervention About Occupational Safety on Knowledge and Practices of Male Students in Technical Mechanical Secondary Schools in El-Behira Governorate

Background. Occupational health and safety is one of the most important aspects of human concern. The Aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of educational intervention about occupational safety on knowledge and practice of male students in technical mechanical secondary schools in El-Behira governorate. Hypothesis: Technical Mechanical secondary school male students who engage in occupational safety intervention will demonstrate higher level of knowledge and practice than those who are not . Material and Methods: Quasi-experimental pre/post–test research design. Settings: the study was conducted in four technical mechanical secondary schools in El-Behira governorate. Subjects: the study was carried on 280 students (140 were cases and 140 were control).Data collection tools: data were collected using three tools: structured self-administered questionnaire, Students' knowledge regarding occupational safety and observation check list regarding safety measures practices in the training workshops.Results: conveyed that less than half (46.4%, 47.9%) of both the study and the control group respectively were aged between   16 to less than 17 years. All the study group and the control one had poor knowledge regarding occupational health and safety before conduction of the educational intervention, whereas after implementation of the educational intervention, more than three quarters of the study group (85.7%) had good knowledge whereas the vast majority of the control group (99.3%) still had poor knowledge  . There was a statistically significant relation between the department and the total knowledge score of the study group (X2= 14.150 , P=0.007*).Conclusion: The educational program is successful in attaining its aim of positively improving knowledge, and practice of the study group   about Occupational Health and Safety.Recommendations: this study recommend the necessity of provision of personal protective equipment to the students in the school workshops and integrating occupational safety topics in their curriculum. Keywords: Educational intervention, occupational health, Knowledge, Technical secondary schools. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/80-05 Publication date:September 30th 202

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020