The development and validation of a scoring tool to predict the operative duration of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Peer reviewe

The Effect of Low Dose Dexamethasone on the Reduction of Hypoxaemia and Fat Embolism Syndrome After Long Bone Fractures

Background: A dangerous and sometimes fatal consequence of post-traumatic long bone fractures is fat embolism syndrome (FES). The reported incidence of FES ranges from 2% to 22%. FES can also lead to critical illness with fatality rates between 10 to 36%. This study's objective was to determine whether prophylaxis of the fat emboli syndrome could be achieved with lower doses of dexamethasone than had previously been recommended. Thus, prevention of respiratory insufficiency and disruption of homeostasis are essential. Methods: A total of 583 adult cases of long bone shaft fracture patients between January 2020 to December 2021 were randomly divided into a trial group (n= 252) and a control group (n=331) by simple randomization. The trial group received dexamethasone 8mg/day for 3 days and the control group was given placebo. FES was diagnosed using Gurd’s diagnostic criteria and the FES morbidity and death rates in each group were examined. Results: Five patients (0.151%) in the control group and 1 patient (0.39%) in the trial group developed FES but the difference was not significant (p&gt;0.05). SpO2 values were significantly elevated in the dexamethasone-treated group compared to the control group 24 hours after admission (p&lt;0.05) and the elevation persisted on the third post admission day (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Dexamethasone in low doses reduces post-traumatic hypoxia in patients with long bone fracture. However, our study was underpowered to show a reduction in FES.</jats:p

Optimization for Tensile Strength of Sisal Fiber, Glass Fiber and Alumina- Based Hybrid Composite using Taguchi Technique

Natural fibers composite play an important role in making eco-friendly products. The present investigation has been made to find tensile strength of hybrid composites fabricated using optimal composition of sisal fiber, glass fiber and alumina. Multi-response optimization has been carried out. The compositions of reinforcements namely sisal fiber, glass fiber and alumina in hybrid composite were prepared by Hand-layup technique. Sisal fiber of 20 Wt.%, 30 Wt.% and 40 Wt.% are chopped into 10mm length, Glass fiber of 20 Wt.%, 30 Wt.% and 40 Wt.% are 10mm length and alumina particles of 2Wt.%, 3 Wt.% and 4 Wt.% are compositions of reinforcement were chosen according to orthogonal array as Taguchi technique(L9). The results have been verified through confirmatory experiments. Experimentations were carried out with the different composition based on L9 process parameters. Based on the experimental observations the maximum ultimate tensile strength was found to be 37.87 MPa for optimised input parameters as 20% of sisal fiber, 30% of glass fiber and 3% of alumina.</jats:p

Current Trends of Geriatric Depression at an Indian Tertiary Care Center

Background: Aging is a progressive process beginning with life &amp; ending with death. There is a massive growth in elderly population &amp; age associated diseases. Depression is frequently associated with aging, associated comorbidities &amp; treatment compliance in this fragile age group. Aims &amp; Objective: To study prevalence of depression in elderly using Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and its associated risk factors. Method: Three hundred elderly (≥60 years) patients were assessed at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College &amp; Hospital, Jaipur in an observational, cross sectional study using Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Correlation with associated risk factors were evaluated. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 12.0. Results: Prevalence of depression was 29.3% of which 62 (20.67%) were mildly depressed and 26 (8.67%) were severely depressed. Depression was significantly higher in elderly subjects with comorbid chronic disease (p 0.0001), inadequate sleep (p 0.001), absent social participation (p 0.002) and in those who did not engage themselves in day time work or hobbies (p 0.0002). Conclusions: Depression is common in elderly, its undiagnosed &amp; overlooked. Prevention of risk factors &amp; early diagnosis may significantly reduce morbidity, mortality &amp; improve quality of life.</jats:p

Serous effusions: A clinicopathological study

This study is a prospective, observational study done for two years, comprising of 267 cases. Their episodes were while tapping pleural cavity, peritoneal cavity and pericardial sac, pleural, ascitic and pericardial fluids were collected. Majority of the samples received were from our hospital (98%) while 2% (5 samples) were obtained from outside. The male cases (55%) outnumbered the females (45%). And, a maximum number of instances in quinquagenarian among males and sexagenarian among females. In peritoneal fluids, females (29/30) outnumbered males. Fifty-nine (22%) samples showed the presence of clot with the majority being in pleural fluid (35/59). Few of the cases of TB showed neutrophilic (10%) or eosinophilic (2.5%) exudate instead of lymphocytic effusion. In contrast, a few cases of liver cirrhosis showed exudative effusion instead of transudative because of bacterial peritonitis. Majority cases were exudates (58.2%) excluding the peritoneal fluids, out of 71 cases of known malignancy. Out of these, 50% of the malignant effusions were nonhemorrhagic. Common microorganisms were gram-negative bacilli and grampositive cocci. There were three unusual cases in this study, viz: Eosinophilic effusion, Parasite (Ascaris) in pleural fluid and an example of a second malignancy. If the effusion is suspected for malignancy, the fluid typing of exudate or transudate may be done. Also, wet mount preparation for abnormal cells may be done before Examination of fixed smears for cancerous cells, as we did not find any transudate fluid positive for malignancy. Diagnostic effusion tapping, followed by immediate processing of fluid in a laboratory may improve cytological outcome. Malignant effusions may not be hemorrhagic in appearance. Rarely effusion may be the first manifestation of malignancy.</jats:p

Synthesis of Nano Copper Shell for Conductive Ink in Wearable Electronics

Number of emerging synthesis techniques were revealed to synthesize the copper nanoparticles (CuNp) with reduced oxide states to improve the conductivity by various researchers. This research work highlights about the synthesis of surface oxide layer free copper nanoparticles (CuNp) using less expensive chemical reduction method by reducing the oxide states. Poly Vinyl Pyrolidone were used as a capping agent and Ascorbic acid as reducing agents for minimizing the oxide layer of CuNp. SEM, XRD, FTIR and Zeta Potential by particle size analyzer of synthesized powder were characterized.SEM images shows the particle size in the range of 100-300nm. XRD peaks expressed at 43.3482, 50.4653 and 74.1109 correspondence to the planes of (111), (200) and (220) confirms the presence of nanocopper in the sample. Particle size analyzer results exhibits the average particle size of CuNp as 141.2 nm. The peaks of FTIR spectrum at 3747 cm-1, 1887 cm-1, and 1690 cm-1 confirm the presence of polyhydroxyl groups, which indicates the high dispersion rate of CuNp in the taken solvent. Further, the work reviewed to find the suitable binding agent to fabricate nanoconductive ink. The outcome of the study takes us closer towards to fabricate nano conductive ink using CuNp for flexible electronics.</jats:p

Integrating Multi-Cloud to Establish Cloud Security for Secured Cloud Transaction

Nowadays every possible transaction is occurring online so for all these transactions required security must be provided. It is not easy to produce such security since there will be a huge amount of data involved here as well as stored data must be kept confidential so to achieve these things we need to perform transactions through the cloud. Since technology has been developed the rate of the cloud being attacked is also increased so to prevent this integration two clouds must be used. The existing system does not apply cloud integration instead of that they use only data encryption for secure transactions. In the Proposed system of the project apart from data encryption cloud integration is also gets implemented here to establish transactions more securely. In this proposed system, we implement three levels of security which are low, medium, and high. Here We use only data encryption for low security level and in medium security level splitting of data occur along with data encryption to establish more secure transaction than low security level. Finally in order to produce a higher security level we use both cloud integration and splitting of data along with data encryption to produce transactions more securely than medium security level.</jats:p

Real Time Security System using Yolo Technology

For the majority of individuals, safety has now become a top priority. The rise in bank threats is concerning, as banks are frequently targeted by criminals. The rise in bank crimes has become a severe problem. To combat such dangers, it is critical to verify the identity of the person who enters the bank. The primary goal of this project is to create a gadget for bank security using Image processing. Because of this, many individuals who may or may not know us are gaining access to our personal workspace. There are other difficulties, such as the loss of important papers and valuables. Even the most advanced technology, such as a fingerprint sensor lock, may be easily opened. As a result, we will create an AI-based security room and locker system to address this issue. With the aid of our growing project, we were able to use facial recognition to discover and analyze people, as well as monitor them. In the proposed work, we apply LBPH (local binary pattern) and machine learning approaches to tackle the present system problem of reducing the recognize time of many items in less time with the best time complexity.</jats:p