A genome-wide association study to identify genetic markers associated with endometrial cancer grade

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Major differences in organization and availability of health care and medicines for HIV/TB coinfected patients across Europe

Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate the organization and delivery of HIV and tuberculosis (TB) health care and to analyse potential differences between treatment centres in Eastern (EE) and Western Europe (WE). Methods Thirty-eight European HIV and TB treatment centres participating in the TB:HIV study within EuroCoord completed a survey on health care management for coinfected patients in 2013 (EE: 17 respondents; WE:21; 76% of all TB:HIV centres). Descriptive statistics were obtained for regional comparisons. The reported data on health care strategies were compared with actual clinical practice at patient level via data derived from the TB:HIV study. Results Respondent centres in EE comprised: Belarus (n = 3), Estonia (1), Georgia (1), Latvia (1), Lithuania (1), Poland (4), Romania (1), the Russian Federation (4) and Ukraine (1); those in WE comprised: Belgium (1), Denmark (1), France (1), Italy (7), Spain (2), Switzerland (1) and UK (8). Compared with WE, treatment of HIV and TB in EE are less often located at the same site (47% in EE versus 100% in WE; P < 0.001) and less often provided by the same doctors (41% versus 90%, respectively; P = 0.002), whereas regular screening of HIV-infected patients for TB (80% versus 40%, respectively; P = 0.037) and directly observed treatment (88% versus 20%, respectively; P < 0.001) were more common in EE. The reported availability of rifabutin and second- and third-line anti-TB drugs was lower, and opioid substitution therapy (OST) was available at fewer centres in EE compared with WE (53% versus 100%, respectively; P < 0.001). Conclusions Major differences exist between EE and WE in relation to the organization and delivery of health care for HIV/TB-coinfected patients and the availability of anti-TB drugs and OST. Significant discrepancies between reported and actual clinical practices were found in EE

Safety and Efficacy of Multiple Sirt Treatments with Resin Microspheres® Y-90, Combined with Surgery as Bridge/Downstage to Hepatic Transplant: A Case Report and Literature Review

Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the second most frequent cause of cancer-related death globally. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents about 90% of primary liver cancers and constitutes a major global health problem. Combined hepatocellular‐cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC‐CCA) represents about 10% of total HCC, and it is by definition a highly heterogeneous tumor, which confers a negative impact on tumor prognosis compared to HCC. Selective Internal Radiation Therapy (SIRT) using yttrium-90 microspheres shows a good safety profile and local tumor control, and it is now considered among the therapeutic options for liver cancer downstaging before liver transplant (LT). We present the case of a young man with a diagnosis of hepatitis B cirrhosis and subsequent finding of advanced primary neoplasm with particularly aggressive histology of cHCC‐CCA. The patient underwent two SIRT treatments in 6 months. The first SIRT treatment provided an adequate downstaging to surgery, then a successful SIRT retreatment after surgery, in a bridging purpose, allowed for liver transplantation, with complete necrosis at explant. We demonstrated the feasibility and safety of multi treatment approaches, with two successive SIRT treatments and surgery. We outline the efficacy of an aggressive downstaging strategy allowing a potentially curative therapy as liver transplant

Worldwide comparison of survival from childhood leukaemia for 1995–2009, by subtype, age, and sex (CONCORD-2): a population-based study of individual data for 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries

Background Global inequalities in access to health care are reflected in differences in cancer survival. The CONCORD programme was designed to assess worldwide differences and trends in population-based cancer survival. In this population-based study, we aimed to estimate survival inequalities globally for several subtypes of childhood leukaemia. Methods Cancer registries participating in CONCORD were asked to submit tumour registrations for all children aged 0-14 years who were diagnosed with leukaemia between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2009, and followed up until Dec 31, 2009. Haematological malignancies were defined by morphology codes in the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third revision. We excluded data from registries from which the data were judged to be less reliable, or included only lymphomas, and data from countries in which data for fewer than ten children were available for analysis. We also excluded records because of a missing date of birth, diagnosis, or last known vital status. We estimated 5-year net survival (ie, the probability of surviving at least 5 years after diagnosis, after controlling for deaths from other causes [background mortality]) for children by calendar period of diagnosis (1995-99, 2000-04, and 2005-09), sex, and age at diagnosis (< 1, 1-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years, inclusive) using appropriate life tables. We estimated age-standardised net survival for international comparison of survival trends for precursor-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Findings We analysed data from 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries. During 1995-99, 5-year agestandardised net survival for all lymphoid leukaemias combined ranged from 10.6% (95% CI 3.1-18.2) in the Chinese registries to 86.8% (81.6-92.0) in Austria. International differences in 5-year survival for childhood leukaemia were still large as recently as 2005-09, when age-standardised survival for lymphoid leukaemias ranged from 52.4% (95% CI 42.8-61.9) in Cali, Colombia, to 91.6% (89.5-93.6) in the German registries, and for AML ranged from 33.3% (18.9-47.7) in Bulgaria to 78.2% (72.0-84.3) in German registries. Survival from precursor-cell ALL was very close to that of all lymphoid leukaemias combined, with similar variation. In most countries, survival from AML improved more than survival from ALL between 2000-04 and 2005-09. Survival for each type of leukaemia varied markedly with age: survival was highest for children aged 1-4 and 5-9 years, and lowest for infants (younger than 1 year). There was no systematic difference in survival between boys and girls. Interpretation Global inequalities in survival from childhood leukaemia have narrowed with time but remain very wide for both ALL and AML. These results provide useful information for health policy makers on the effectiveness of health-care systems and for cancer policy makers to reduce inequalities in childhood survival

Index of Cultural Significance as a Potential Tool for Conservation of Plants Diversity by Communities in The Kerinci Seblat National Park

Kerinci community is one of the Indonesian indigenous people who live in Kerinci regency, Jambi Province. They have the local knowledge of the surrounding vegetation that has become a cultural unity with community. This study were aimed at analyzed the significance of culture plants and reviewing efforts to conserve plants based on cultural values in relation to Kerinci cultural. The study was conducted  at three locations  purposively,  they are Lempur Baru Village, Lama Tamiai Village and Ulu Jernih Village for eight months from October 2013 to May 2014. Data   was obtained by participatory observation approach, depth interview while the assessment of plant deployment society approach by point of view. The research data consist of data botany, plant utilization   and   assessment  plant deployment  while data analysis  using the formula Index of Cultural  Significance  (ICS)  adopted  from Turner.  The study shows  that the rice (Oryza sativa L) and cinnamon (Cinnamomun  burmanii Ness Ex.BI)) is a plant species that have important cultural value of 59 and 57 while  inggu  species  (Ruta  angustifolia (L). Pers) and onion  timber (Allium fistudosum Linn) has the lowest ICS, respectively 3. The Stimulus Tri Amar-Conservation analysis result that index of cultural significance (ICS) and kind of conservation by community has a range relationship.