Implication des médecins généralistes dans la prise en charge du virus de l'immuno-déficience humaine (étude prospective auprès des médecins généralistes de la Vienne et de 315 patients)

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Tolérance des antirétroviraux chez les patients âgés de plus de 50 ans infectés par le VIH [virus de l'immunodéficience humaine] (à propos d'une étude transversale réalisée sur 150 patients suivis à l'hôpital de jour de maladies infectieuses du CHU [centre hospitalier universitaire] de Poitiers)

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Les Hôpitaux militaires de la Rochelle pendant la Première Guerre Mondiale

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Contribution à l'étude des abcès cérébraux à partir d'une étude rétrospective de 46 cas (particularités chez le sujet âgé)

Une étude rétrospective sur 10 ans a été réalisée afin de préciser les caractéristiques épidémiologiques, sémiologiques, thérapeutiques et pronostiques des abcès cérébraux chez le sujet âgé. Tous les dossiers de patients hospitalisés pour AC ont été analysés rétrospectivement. Etaient exclus les patients séropositifs pour le VIH et les sujets de moins de 15 ans. A partir de l'âge, 2 groupes étaient créés : groupe A ou = 65 ans ; puis comparés. La présentation clinique, microbiologique ainsi que la prise en charge des AC chez le sujet âgé ne semble pas différer de celle des sujets jeunes.POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Infection sur prothèse totale de genou (à propos de 22 cas)

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Enquête sur les caractéristiques et les connaissances des modes de transmission du VIH et des hépatites B et C de 566 consultants du centre d'information et de dépistage anonyme et gratuit de Poitiers

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Pyrosequencing assessment of prokaryotic and eukaryotic diversity in biofilm communities from a French river.

International audienceDespite the recent and significant increase in the study of aquatic microbial communities, little is known about the microbial diversity of complex ecosystems such as running waters. This study investigated the biodiversity of biofilm communities formed in a river with 454 Sequencing™. This river has the particularity of integrating both organic and microbiological pollution, as receiver of agricultural pollution in its upstream catchment area and urban pollution through discharges of the wastewater treatment plant of the town of Billom. Different regions of the small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA gene were targeted using nine pairs of primers, either universal or specific for bacteria, eukarya, or archaea. Our aim was to characterize the widest range of rDNA sequences using different sets of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. A first look at reads abundance revealed that a large majority (47-48%) were rare sequences (<5 copies). Prokaryotic phyla represented the species richness, and eukaryotic phyla accounted for a small part. Among the prokaryotic phyla, Proteobacteria (beta and alpha) predominated, followed by Bacteroidetes together with a large number of nonaffiliated bacterial sequences. Bacillariophyta plastids were abundant. The remaining bacterial phyla, Verrucomicrobia and Cyanobacteria, made up the rest of the bulk biodiversity. The most abundant eukaryotic phyla were annelid worms, followed by Diatoms, and Chlorophytes. These latter phyla attest to the abundance of plastids and the importance of photosynthetic activity for the biofilm. These findings highlight the existence and plasticity of multiple trophic levels within these complex biological systems

Pharmacokinetics of Daptomycin in a Patient with Severe Renal Failure Not Receiving Dialysis

International audienc

Characterization and evolution of natural aquatic biofilm communities exposed in vitro to herbicides.

International audienceRiver biofilms are assemblies of autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms that can be affected by pollutants such as those found in watersheds and wastewater treatment plants. In the laboratory, experimental biofilms were formed from river water, and their overall composition was investigated. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and cytometry were used to assess the richness and diversity of these communities. The software Cytostack (available on request) was developed to treat and analyze the cytometric data. Measurements of chlorophyll-a and carotenoids were used to assess the global composition of the photoautotrophic community, whereas proteins, polysaccharides (PS) content, and esterase activities were used to assess overall changes in the mixed communities. We evaluated the effects that 3 weeks of treatment with the herbicides diuron and glyphosate (10μgL(-1)) had on these biofilms. Exposed to diuron, bacterial communities adapted, changing their composition. Glyphosate inhibited growth of one autotrophic community but caused no chlorophyll deficit. As a whole, the biofilm acted as a micro-ecosystem, able to regulate and maintain a constant level of photosynthetic pigment through the structural adaptation of the autotrophic community. These results are one more proof that microbial diversity of aquatic biofilms is influenced by chemical stresses, potentially leading to disturbances within the ecosystems

Overcoming stability challenges during continuous intravenous administration of high-dose amoxicillin using portable elastomeric pumps

International audienceWhile treatment of serious infectious diseases may require high-dose amoxicillin, continuous infusion may be limited by lack of knowledge regarding the chemical stability of the drug. Therefore, we have performed a comprehensive study so as to determine the chemical stability of high-dose amoxicillin solutions conducive to safe and effective continuous intravenous administration using portable elastomeric pumps. First, amoxicillin solubility in water was assessed within the range of 25 to 300 mg/mL. Then, amoxicillin solutions were prepared at different concentrations (25, 50, 125, 250 mg/mL) and stored in different conditions (5±2°C, 25±1°C, 30±1°C and 37±1°C) to investigate the influence of concentration and temperature on the chemical stability of amoxicillin. Finally, its stability was assessed under optimized conditions using a fully validated HPLC-UV stability-indicating method. Degradation products of amoxicillin were investigated by accurate mass determination using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Amoxicillin displayed limited water solubility requiring reconstitution at concentrations below or equal to 150 mg/mL. Amoxicillin degradation were time, temperature as well as concentration-dependent, resulting in short-term stability, in particular at high concentrations. Four degradation products of amoxicillin have been identified. Among them, amoxicilloic acid and diketopiperazine amoxicillin are at risk of allergic reaction and may accumulate in the patient. Optimized conditions allowing for continuous infusion of high-dose amoxicillin has been determined: amoxicillin should be reconstituted at 25 mg/mL and stored up to 12 hours at room temperature (22 ± 4°C) or up to 24 hours between 4 and 8°C